问号钩端螺旋体侵入单核-巨噬细胞方式及其吞噬泡形成差异性研究

目的 探讨问号钩端螺旋体(简称钩体)侵入人或鼠单核-巨噬细胞方式及其吞噬泡形成差异性.方法 采用透射电镜观察问号钩体黄疸出血群赖型赖株侵入小鼠单核-巨噬样细胞J774A.1和佛波酯(PMA)激活的人单核细胞THP-1后吞噬泡形成情况.采用免疫荧光联合激光共聚焦显微镜及荧光分光光度仪等方法,观察细胞内吞抑制剂单丹磺酰尸胺(MDC)、氧化酚砷(PAO)阻断及内吞相关网格蛋白抗体封闭前后,J774A.1细胞和PMA激活的THP-1细胞内问号钩体赖株数量的变化.结果 J774A.1细胞内问号钩体存在于吞噬泡内,THP-1细胞内问号钩体无吞噬泡膜包绕.MDC和PAO能以剂量依赖方式抑制J774A.1和THP-1细胞内吞问号钩体,其中10 μmol/L以上MDC和1 μmol/L以上PAO阻断的J774A.1和THP-1细胞内问号钩体数量明显少于未阻断细胞(P＜0.05).网格蛋白抗体封闭后,J774A.1和THP-1细胞内问号钩体数量也明显减少(P＜0.05).结论 问号钩体以网格蛋白依赖性内吞途径侵入人或鼠单核-巨噬细胞.人或鼠单核-巨噬细胞内问号钩体吞噬泡形成有明显差异,这可能是人或鼠感染问号钩体后发病情况不同的原因之一.

Modality of Leptospira interrogans invading mononuclear-macrophages and diversity of leptospiral phagocytotic vesicle formation

Objective To determine the modality of Leptospira interrogans invading human and murine mononuclear-macrophages and diversity of leptospiral phagocytotic vesicle formation. Methods Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the invasion of L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai strain Lai into murine mononuclear-macrophage-like cell line J774A. 1 and PMA-activated human monocyte line THP-1 and the formation of leptospiral phagocytotic vesicles. By using immunofluorescence plus either laser confocal microscopy or fluorescence spectrophotometry, the changes of intracellular leptospiral numbers in J774A. 1 and PMA-activated THP-1 cells before and after block with endocytosis inhibitors monodansylcadaverin (MDC), phenylarsine oxide (PAO) and clathrin antibody were investigated. Results The leptospires in J774A. 1 cells were located in phagocytotic vesicles while the leptospires in THP-1 cells had no package with phagocytotic vesicle membrane. Both MDC and PAO presented the effect inhibiting endocytosis of L. interrogans into J774A. 1 and THP-1 cells in dose-dependent manner. The numbers of leptospires in J774A. 1 and THP-1 cells that pre-blocked with 10 μmol/L or above MDC and 1 μmol/L or above PAO were significantly less than that in the two cells untreated with MDC and PAO (P＜0.05＝. After J774A. 1 and THP-1 cells were blocked with clathrin antibody, the numbers of intracellular leptospires were also remarkbly decreased ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion Leptospira interrogans can invade into both human and murine mononuclear-macrophages through the way of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. There is an opposite diversity of leptospiral phagocytotic vesicle formations in human and murine mononuclear-macrophages, which may result in the difference of pathogenesis in human and mice after infected with L. interrogans.