完全性大动脉转位的个体化外科治疗

目的 研究不同类型完伞性大动脉转位(TGA)的个体化外科治疗策略及其效果.方法 1998年3月至2009年10月,共收治各类TGA患者127例(158例次),男性97例,女性30例.年龄生后4 h～17岁,平均(25±37)个月,其中<3个月56例66例次;体质量2.7～47.5 kg,平均(8±8)kg.初期手术行Glenn手术14例(其中3例行双侧Glenn手术),主-肺动脉分流术14例,肺动脉环缩术8例,房间隔缺损扩大+肺动脉环缩+主-肺动脉分流术15例.终期手术包括Seaning手术5例,一期Switch手术32例,二期Switch手术11例,Switch手术+室间隔缺损修补术20例,Switch手术+室间隔缺损镶嵌手术1例,Nikaidoh手术3例,Rastelli手术13例,Fontan手术18例,心内隧道等其他手术4例.结果 20例患者接受初期手术后现正在等待或已放弃二期手术,21例患者接受2期手术,5例接受3次及以上手术.66例次患者术后延迟关胸.采用腹膜透析9例,呼吸机使用时间2 h～16 d.全组早期死亡12例(病死率9.4%),死因包括术后低心排出最5例,肺动脉高压危象2例,术中出血2例,冠状动脉畸形1例,感染合并自发性肝破裂1例,肾功能衰竭1例.109例患者术后随访1个月～12年,6例失访,远期2例死亡.随访患者中,10例有不同程度的并发症,3例已再次手术,随访效果好.余存活病例,心功能正常,生长发育良好.结论 根据TGA患者解剖条件,采用个体化治疗策略,制定不同的手术方案,可以明显提高患者的手术成功率和远期生存率.

The individualized surgical treatment of transposition of the great arteries

Objective To discuss the effectiveness of individualized strategy of surgical management on the great arteries (TGA). Methods From March 1998 to October 2009, 127 cases (97 males and 30 females) with TGA were treated. There were 97 male and 30 female, aged from 4 hours old to 17 years old with a mean of (25 ± 37) months, weighted from 2. 7 to 47. 5 kg with a mean of (8 ± 8) kg. The palliative operations included Glenn operation in 14 cases (3 cases double Glenn procedure), Balalock-Taussing shunt in 14 cases, Banding operation in 8 cases, and atrial septal defect enlarge/Banding/Balalock-Taussing shunt in 15 cases. The end-stage operation included Senning procedure in 5 cases, Switch procedure in 32 cases, 2nd-stage Switch procedure in 11 cases, Switch procedure with VSD repairing in 20 cases, Switch procedure with Hybrid in 1 case, Nikaidoh procedure in 3 cases, Rastelli procedure in 13 cases, Fonton procedure in 18 cases, other procedure in 4 cases. Twenty-one cases underwent 2 operations, and 5 cases underwent 3 or more operations. Sixty-six cases underwent delayed sternal closure. Results There were 12 cases of death operatively in 127 cases. The total operative mortality was 9. 4%. There were 5 cases dying of low cardiac output during the operation, 2 of pulmonary hypertension crisis, 2 of hemorrhage, 1 of grafting problem of coronary artery deformation, 1 of renal failure after Fonton procedure and 1 case of newborn dying of spontaneous rupture of liver post-operatively. The patients were followed up for 1 month to 12 years. There were 10 patients with vary degrees complications such as pulmonary stenosis, residual shunt and narrow channel. Three cases underwent reoperation. The rest of survived cases had normal heart function, good growth and development state. Conclusions Individualized strategy of surgical management based onanatomical conditions of TGA can significantly improve the success rate of surgery and long-term survival.