太行山猕猴指（趾）长比性差

目的 研究太行山猕猴指（趾）长比性差大小和分布。 方法 测量成年雄性猕猴左右侧指骨100根、趾骨120根和成年雌性猕猴左右侧指骨250根、趾骨250根的长度，根据5根指骨和5根趾骨长度的可能组合得到相应的20个长度比。数据用SPSS 20.0统计学软件进行分析。结果 5根指骨和5根趾骨的绝对长度变量性差显著（P<0.01）； 10个指长比没有明显的性差（P>0.05）；10个趾长比中有6个性差显著（P<0.05或P<0.01）；性差的方向是雄性大于雌性，性差最大的趾长比出现在低比率排序的1D∶5D（P<0.01）；猕猴指长比性差模式与其他一些非人灵长类不同。 结论 在控制了其他一些可能影响的因素（种群差异、系统演化、运动类型和行走姿势等）之后，猕猴的指长比主要受到3个因素的影响，社会行为、种内雌性同性竞争水平和种内雄性同性竞争水平。长度比的模式可能受到出生前性激素的影响。

Sex differences in the relative length of phalange in rhesus macaques (Macaca Mulatta) from the Taihang Mountains

Objective To study the sex difference for size and distribution of the length ratios of the phalanges in rhesus macaques from the Taihang Mountain. Methods The length of 100 fingers and 120 toes in the male and 250 fingers and 250 toes in the female on both sides of adult rhesus macaques was measured. Length ratios were constructed for all possible pairings of the five bones in each individual fingers and toes. Statistical data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. Results Firstly, for Macaca Mulatta, the absolute length of the five fingers and five toes exhibited significant differences between the sexes (P<0.001). Secondly, all the ten finger ratios had no sex determination (P>0.05). Thirdly, six in the ten toe ratios showed substantial sex difference (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the ratios were significantly smaller in females than in males. The toe length ratios showing the largest sex difference was 1D:4D and 1D:5D in the lower order ratios. Finally, the present findings suggested the sex-differentiated digit length ratios pattern in Macaca Mulatta were different from other non-human primates. Conclusion The digit ratios in Macaca Mulatta are primarily affected by three factors, which are social behavior, levels of intra-female competition, and categories of intra-male competition after controlling for possible functional confounds such as substrate and phylogenetic effects. The pattern of sex-differentiated digit length in rhesus monkey may be associated with prenatal exposure to testosterone.