|
|||||
|
|
Noninvasive Imaging in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy—Part 2: Follow‐up and Optimization of Settings |
|
| Authors: | CLAUDIA YPENBURG M.D. NICO VAN DE VEIRE Ph.D. JOS J. WESTENBERG GABE B. BLEEKER M.D. NINA AJMONE MARSAN M.D. MAUREEN M. HENNEMAN M.D. ERNST E. VAN DER WALL Ph.D. MARTIN J. SCHALIJ Ph.D. THEODORE P. ABRAHAM Ph.D. S. SERGE BAROLD M.D. JEROEN J. BAX M.D. |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;2. Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;3. Tampa General Hospital, Tampa, Florida |
| Abstract: | Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has become a therapeutic option for drug‐refractory heart failure. Several noninvasive imaging techniques play an increasingly important role before and after device implantation. This review highlights the acute and long‐term CRT benefits after implantation as assessed with echocardiography and nuclear imaging. Furthermore, optimization of CRT settings, in particular atrioventricular and interventricular delay, will be discussed using echocardiography and other (device‐based) techniques. |
| Keywords: | CRT congestive heart failure echocardiography |