护理干预对眼科手术患者心理状态影响的研究

目的 观察眼科手术患者的心理状态以及研究护理干预对其心理状态的影响.方法 随机选取眼科手术患者120例,其中青、中、老年患者各40例,按年龄随机分为对照组和护理干预组各60例,每组中又分为青年组、中年组、老年组各20例.对照组按照护理程序常规进行术前健康教育,护理干预组在此基础上实施护理干预.通过焦虑白评量表测定2组患者入院时、术前1 d、出院时焦虑标准分.结果 患者入院时焦虑标准分大于焦虑评定的临界标准分(50分).术前1 d明显大于入院时,出院时小于临界标准分,且明显小于入院时评分.护理干预组入院时焦虑标准分与对照组比较无差异,术前1 d以及出院时明显小于对照组.手术前1 d对照组中的老年组焦虑标准分高于青年组,中年组明显高于青年组;出院时,中、老年组均高于青年组.护理干预组老年组焦虑标准分术前1 d明显高于青年组,中年组高于青年组;出院时,青年组与中年组之间无差异;老年组高于青年组.术前1 d及出院时青、中年组分别明显低于对照组,老年组低于对照组.结论 眼科手术患者普遍存在焦虑情绪,在手术前1 d焦虑程度最高;中年患者的焦虑程度高于青、老年,而护理干预对眼科手术患者的焦虑情绪均有明显积极影响.对青、中年患者的影响较老年患者更为显著.因此,在眼科手术前后有针对性地开展护理干预十分必要.

Investigation of the effect of nursing intervention on psychological state of patients with ophthalmic surgery

Objective To observe the psychological state of patients with ophthalmic surgery, and investigated the effect of nursing intervention on the psychological state of them. Methods 120 patients with ophthalmic surgery were selected randomly, including 40 youth, 40 middle-aged and 40 elderly, they were subsequently divided randomly into the control group and the nursing intervention group with 20 of youth, middle- aged and elderly separately. The control group received preoperative health education ae-cording to nursing process, the nursing intervention group was given nursing intervention based upon routine nursing. Anxiety standard score was evaluated by the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) when upon admission,one day before surgery, and upon discharge. Results The anxiety standard score of the patients admitted into hospital was above the critical standard score (50), the anxiety standard score of patients when the day before surgery was significantly above that upon admission, but was less than the critical standard score when they left hospital, and it was significantly less than that upon admission. There was no statistical sig-nificance of anxiety standard score between the control group and the nursing intervention group when they were admitted into hospital, it was significantly less than that of the control group when the day before surgery and when they left hospital. The anxiety standard scores of the elderly and the middle- aged of the control group were more and significantly more than the youth's when the day before surgery separately, and both of theirs were more than the youth's when they left hospital. After nursing intervention, the anxiety standard score of the elderly and the middle- aged were significantly more and more than the youth when the day before surgery separately, and the elderly was more than the youth when they left hospital, there was no statistical significance between the youth and the middle- aged. The anxiety standard score of the youth and the middle- aged were significantly less than that of the control group separately when the day before surgery and when they left hospital, that elderly was less than that of the control group. Conclusions Anxiety existed in almost all patients with ophthalmic surgery, and it reached high degree the day before surgery. It appeared more in the middle-aged than among the youth and the elderly. Nursing intervention shows positive effect on the psychological state of patients with ophthalmic surgery, and it influences more on the youth and the middle-aged than on the elderly. Therefore, it is necessary to give different periopera-tire nursing intervention to the patients with ophthalmic surgery.