中国宁夏成人自杀意念的发生率和相关因素

目的：比较中国宁夏回族自治区回族和汉族的自杀意念，自杀计划和自杀未遂的发生率及危险因素。方法：采用概率比例规模（PPS）抽样方法，以村（居）委会为初级抽样单位，抽取城乡18岁以上的居民5880人。采用复合型国际诊断交谈表一计算机辅助中文版入户进行面对面访谈。采用逻辑回归分析自我报告的自杀意念的危险因素。结果：共有4789（81．4％）完成访谈。自杀意念，自杀计划和自杀未遂的发生率分别为5．30％（95％C1=4．66-5．93％），1．52％（95％C1=1．17-1．86％），和0．77％（95％C1=0．52—1．02％）。以穆斯林为主的回族组（n=1955）自杀意念和自杀计划的年龄标准化率显著高于以无神论为主的汉族组（n=2834）；回族的自杀未遂发生率仅仅具有较高的趋势（p=O．200）。与自杀意念相关的独立因素有女性（OR=2．07），离婚或寡居（OR=2．02），农村人口（OR=I．95），过去一年有心境障碍（OR=I．96），过去一年有其他精神障碍fOR=2．99），以及自述过去一年身体健康欠佳（OR=2．21）。通过这些因素的调整后，种族并没有与自杀意念独立相关，但是族裔群体的分层分析显示回族和汉族受访者的自杀意念相关因素的一些差异。结论：与以往研究相比，我们发现自杀意念在宁夏穆斯林族组比非穆斯林族组常见，但是经过性别、精神障碍以及其他因素的校正后的多因素分析，这种差异就不存在了。

Prevalence and correlated factors of lifetime suicidal ideation in adults in Ningxia,China

Aim： Compare the prevalence and associated factors of lifetime suicidal ideation, plans and attempts in the Hui and Han ethnic groups in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China. Methods： Using a probability proportionate to size sampling method and villages （in rural areas） or neighborhoods （in urban areas） as primary sampling units, 5880 residents aged 18 and over were sampled. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a computer-administered Chinese version of the World Health Organization＇s Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Factors associated with self-reported lifetime suicidal ideation were identified using logistic regression models. Results： Of the 4789 （81.4%） persons who completed the survey, the lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicide attempts were 5：30% （95% confidence interval CI]=4.66-5：93%）, 1.52% （C1=1.17- 1.86%）, and 0.77% （C1=0.52-1.02%）, respectively. The age standardized rate of lifetime suicidal ideation and lifetime suicidal planning were significantly higher in the largely Muslim Hui ethnic group （n=1955） than in the largely atheist Han ethnic group （n=2834）; the lifetime prevalence of suicide attempt was also higher in the Hui group, but only at the trend level （p=0.20）. Factors independently associated with lifetime suicidal ideation were female gender （odds ratio OR]=2.07）, being divorced or widowed （OR=2.02）, rural residence （OR=1.95）, mood disorder in the prior year （OR=1.96）, other mental disorder in the prior year （OR=2.99）, and self- reported poor physical health in the prior year （OR=2.21）. After adjustment for these factors, ethnicity was not independently associated with lifetime suicidal ideation, but stratified analyses by ethnic group found some differences in the factors associated with lifetime suicidal ideation between Hui and Han respondents. Conclusions： Contrary to previous studies, we found that lifetime suicidal ideation was more common in a Muslim ethnic group than in a non-Muslim ethnic group of Ningxia, but this difference did not persist in the multivariate analysis after adjusting for gender, mental disorders and other factors.