大鼠脊髓损伤模型的解剖学参考定位

目的探查大鼠椎骨解剖学位置和形态特点，为制作大鼠脊髓损伤模型定位提供参考和解剖学依据。方法将20只Wistar大鼠按照体质量分成2组，每组10只。轻体质量组：120～150g；重体质量组：200-250g。对各组大鼠脊柱区进行解剖及椎骨位置、形态特点观察。结果大鼠颈椎7块，其中第2颈椎棘突突出最明显。胸椎13块，其中第2胸椎棘突突出最明显，并向上连结一膨大软骨；第9、10、11胸椎棘突之间距离最为靠近，且第9胸椎以上棘突倾向尾侧．第10胸椎棘突呈中立位，第11胸椎棘突以下方向倾向头侧。腰椎6块，第1腰椎棘突与脊柱两侧银白色腱膜第一个相交接处对应。结论依据脊柱两侧白色腱膜和椎骨棘突形态位置特点参考定位简单、精确，为大鼠脊髓损伤模型的制作提供了解剖学依据和有力保证。

Anatomy reference location for model of SCI rats

Objective To explore the anatomical location and shape characteristic of rats vertebrae and to offer the refer- ence and anatomy foundation of localization on model for rats spinal cord injury. Methods Twenty wistar rats were assigned to 2 groups （n=10 per group） according to body weight. Light weight group： 120-150 g; heavy weight group： 200-250 g. Anatomy of rats vertebral region was done and location and shape characteristic of vertebrae was observed. Results The second cervical spine protrude obviously in seven cervical vertebraes of rats. The second spinous process of thoracic vertebrae protrude obviously in thir- teen thoracic vertebraes and inoseulate a intumescent cartilage upward. The distance of spinous process of thoracic vertebra is the shortest between the nine, the ten and the eleven. The spinous process trend to caudal ward above the nine thoracic vertebra, the ten＇ s was neutral position and the spinous process trend to headward below the eleven＇ s. The first spinous process of lumbar verte- bra correspond the first intersection of argentate aponeurosis on both sides of spinal column. Conclusion This reference location method can be regarded as a simple and precise way which was based on argentate aponeurosis on both sides of spinal column and the location and shape characteristic of rats neural spine and can provide the anatomy foundation and the powerful guarantee to es- tablish the rats model for SCI.