散发性乳腺癌中影响BRCA1蛋白失表达的参数分析

目的: 探讨影响散发性乳腺癌中乳腺癌易感基因(BRCA1)蛋白表达的因素与临床病理指标的相关性。 方法: 免疫组织化学SP法检测乳腺良性病变组织和散发性乳腺癌组织中BRCA1、ERα和HER-2的表达,收集患者临床资料,通过Spearman相关分析和校正的Pearsonχ²检验进行统计分析。 结果: 在良性乳腺病变组织中,BRCA1和ERα蛋白在细胞核的阳性表达率分别为100.0%(20/20)和80.0%(16/20),HER-2在细胞膜阳性表达率为15.0%(3/20);在散发性乳腺癌组织中,BRCA1和ERα蛋白在细胞核阳性表达率分别为57.5%(88/153)和64.1%(98/153),HER-2在细胞膜阳性表达率为34.0%(52/153);与良性乳腺病变组织比较,乳腺癌组织中BRCA1阳性表达率明显降低,差异显著(P<0.05),ERα和HER-2表达率差异不显著(P>0.05)。蛋白表达相关分析及患者临床资料分析表明:BRCA1失表达与ERα失表达相关、与HER-2过表达相关,ERα失表达与HER-2过表达相关;在HER-2过表达、ERα失表达的癌组织中BRCA1失表达率最高;BRCA1失表达与患者高发病年龄、腋淋巴结转移相关,而与乳腺癌病理类型无明显相关。 结论: 在散发性乳腺癌组织中,BRCA1蛋白失表达与ERα失表达、HER-2过表达、患者年龄较高及伴有腋淋巴结转移等相关,BRCA1蛋白失表达参与散发性乳腺癌的发生发展。

Analysis of Factors Which Affect the Expression of BRCA1 Protein in Sporadic Breast Cancer

Objective: To investigate the factors which affect the expression of BRCA1 protein in sporadic breast cancer and to analyze the relationship between these factors and clinicopathological parameters. Methods: The expression level of BRCA1 protein, ER α and HER-2 was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with Streptavidin-Peroxidase (SP) method in benign breast tissues and sporadic breast carcinoma tissues. Clinical data from patients were analyzed by Spearman correlation test and corrected Pearson χ² test. Results: In the benign breast tissues, the positive expression rates of BRCA1 and ER α protein in nuclei were 100%(20/20) and 80%(16/20), respectively. HER-2 expression was 15.0%(3/20) in the cytoplasm. In the sporadic breast cancer tissues, the expression rates of BRCA1 and ER α protein in nuclei were 57.5%(88/153) and 64.1% (98/153), repectively. HER-2 expression was 34.0%(52/153) in the cytoplasm. The difference in BRCA1 expression between the two groups was significant (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in ER α and HER-2 expression between the two groups. Loss of BRCA1 protein expression was associated with loss of ERαexpression and HER-2 overexpression. Loss of ER α expression was correlated with HER-2 overexpression. High rate of loss of BRCA1 expression was found in the breast cancer tissues with loss of ER α expression and HER-2 overexpression. Furthermore, loss of BRCA1 expression in breast cancer tissues was correlated with the age of the patients and metastasis to axillary lymph nodes. There was no distinct association between loss of BRCA1 expression and pathological types of breast cancer. Conclusion: In sporadic breast cancer, loss of BRCA1 expression in the nuclear is correlated with loss of ER α expression, HER-2 overexpression, age, and metastasis to axillary lymph nodes and it may involve in the occurrence and development of breast cancer.