浅谈百白破接种不良反应及预防对策

目的:调查百白破联合疫苗接种不良反应及预防对策。方法:根据我院预防接种门诊2007年10月～2010年10月期间对接种吸附百白破联合疫苗后出现不良反应的案例进行回顾性分析。结果:调查儿童接种百白破疫苗对象12124例,月龄为3月龄～24月龄,发生接种不良反应162例(占1.33%),其中吸附全细胞百白破联合疫苗不良反应发生125例(占总数77.2%),吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗不良反应发生37例(占总数22.8%)。吸附全细胞百白破联合疫苗不良反应率高于吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗,不良反应集中在7～10月份(占100%),夏秋季不良反应发生率高于冬春季。结论:推荐使用吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗代替吸附全细胞百白破联合疫苗。接种疫苗时要注意充分摇匀药液,选择正确的接种部位,进行深部肌肉注射,经常更换接种部位,严格消毒接种部位,并做好接种前后的卫生宣教工作;遇高温天气可适当推迟接种。

Talking about the adverse reaction of vaccination against diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus and preventive measure

Objective:To investigate the DTP vaccinations adverse reaction and preventive measure.Methods:A retrospectively review of the adverse reation after vaccined against absorbed DTP in our hospital during October 2007 to October 2010.Results:Investigate 12124 chilren vaccinated against DTP ,aged from 3 month to 24 month.162 children have the adverse reaction (1.33%) and 125 children′s adverse reaction resulted form adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis vaccine(77.2%),the other 37 caused by absorbed diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine(22.8%).The rate of the former happened is higher than the later,and almost happned in july to October.Conclusions:Recommend using whole-cell DTP instead of absorbed acellular DTP.When vaccining,the liquid should be shaked completely,choose the correct place for vaccination and change frequently,disinfect rigorously.