北京市部分地区老年人神经系统疾病患病率及生活活动能力的调查

目的调查老年人神经系统疾病及有关因素，为制定相应的防治措施提供依据。方法采用问卷访问和体格检查相结合的方法，对北京市城区、平原、山区的１７５５名老年人进行调访。结果４０．３％的老年人患有神经系统疾病。脑血管病患病率为２１．４％，高血压为所有脑血管病的重要因素，肥胖（或超重）和冠心病分别为脑梗塞和短暂性脑缺血的相对独立的因素；锥体外系疾病患病率为４．ｏ％。结论老年人神经系统疾病患病率逐年增高，且是导致老年人日常生活活动能力下降的主要原因之一，完全性卒中、帕金森病及痴呆为主要致残疾病。

A survey on the prevalence of nervous system diseases in elderly people in some areas of Beijing and their activity in daily life

Objective To find the prevalence of nervous system diseases in elderly people and the associated factors so as to provide information for taking preventive and therapeutic measures.Methods One thousand seven hundred fifty and five elderly subjects who lived in urban, suburban and mountain areas of Beijing were studied with general questionnaire and physical examination. Results There was 40.3% of the elderly suffered from various nervous system diseases. The prevalence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) was 21.4%. Hypertension was the most common related factor in all types of CVD. Obesity (or overweight) and coronary heart disease were independent associated factors in cerebral infarction and transient cerebral ischemia respectively. The prevalence rate of cervical spondylosis was 15.6% and that of extrapyramidal diseases was 4.0%. Conclusions The prevalence of nervous system diseases in elderly prople increases with aging. It is the main reason for declination of activity of daily life. Complete stroke, Parkinson's disease and dementia are the most common disabling diseases in the elderly.