Spatial and temporal clustering of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Poland |
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| Authors: | Anna Materna-Kiryluk Barbara Wi?ckowska Katarzyna Wi?niewska Ma?gorzata Czy?ewska Urszula Godula-Stuglik Romana Jaworska-Bobkier |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Medical Genetics, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Poznan, Polandakiryluk@ump.edu.pl;3. Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Poznan, Poland;4. Department of Preventive Medicine, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Poznan, Poland;5. Department of Neonatology, Medical University of Wroc?aw, Wroc?aw, Poland;6. Department of Pediatrics in Zabrze, Silesian Medical University, Zabrze, Poland;7. Regional Hospital Center, Jelenia Góra, Poland |
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| Abstract: | Background: Geographic variation in the prevalence of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate may be due to exogenous environmental factors or genetic variation. In this study, we aim to evaluate the prevalence of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Polish urban and rural environments in order to identify geographic areas with high prevalence (defect clusters). Methods: We use all cases of congenital malformations reported to the Polish Registry of Congenital Malformations in the years 1998–2008 from the total population of 2,362,502 births. Results: We detect a strong signal of increased prevalence of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate in a single region of Poland, the Dolno?l?skie voivodeship. Furthermore, we demonstrate a statistically significant prevalence differences between the urban and rural areas within this region. Through our comprehensive spatiotemporal analysis, we precisely define the cluster of the highest risk that comprises the eastern part of this voivodeship. |
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| Keywords: | cleft lip cleft lip and palate clusters congenital malformations spatial and temporal patterns |
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