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1.
Zia Hossein Ma Joseph K. H. O'Donnell John P. Luzzi Louis A. 《Pharmaceutical research》1991,8(4):502-504
Dimethyl isosorbide (DMI), which is currently under investigation for its potential use as a pharmaceutical vehicle and drug permeation enhancer, is a water-miscible liquid with relatively low viscosity. The solubilization behavior of DMI as a cosolvent for nonpolar drugs was characterized via dielectric constant measurements of binary solvent systems containing DMI and either water, propylene glycol (PG), or polyethylene glycol (PEG). Evidence from the dielectric constant profiles and NMR studies suggest that DMI undergoes complexation with water and PG, but not with PEG, through hydrogen bonding interactions. The solvent complexation exhibited a major effect on the solubilities of prednisone, dexamethasone, and prednisolone in the mixed solvent systems. Maximum solubility of each drug was found to occur near a DMI/water or DMI/PG concentration ratio of 1:2. In the DMI–PEG mixed system, while there is no apparent interaction between DMI and PEG molecules, the solubility of prednisone was found to increase with decreasing dielectric constant. 相似文献
2.
目的 探讨自制苏芪合剂对Ⅲ~Ⅳ级IgA肾病患者的疗效及患者T细胞功能的改善.方法 28例Ⅲ~Ⅳ级IgA肾病患者随机分为两组,对照组:醋酸泼尼松-日1mg,kg,隔日晨起顿服,盐酸苯那普利-日10mg;治疗组:在上述用药的基础上加用自制苏芪合剂.8周后,观察患者缓解率、T细胞功能及不良反应.结果 治疗组患者在缓解率、T细胞功能改善等方面优于对照组,且因糖皮质激素的使用而出现的不良反应少于对照组.结论 苏芪合剂联合治疗Ⅲ~Ⅳ级IgA肾病疗效显著并能有效改善T细胞功能. 相似文献
3.
重症肌无力患者泼尼松治疗前后免疫学指标的变化 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
探讨泼尼松治疗重症肌无力(MG)免疫学机制。对382例MG患者在漏尼松中剂量冲击,小剂量维持疗法治疗前后,检测酰胆碱受体抗炎(AchRab),突触前膜抗体(PsMab),单个核细胞亚群(PBMC),肿瘤坏死因子(TNF),可溶性白介素-2受体(SIL-2R),β2-微球蛋白(β2-m),以及红细胞免疫功能的变化。结果表明:MG患者在泼尼松治疗前后多项免疫指标有显著性的变化。为泼尼松治疗MG提供了评定疗效的免疫学指标,进一步阐明了MG发病的免疫学机制。 相似文献
4.
根据蓝四氮唑与泼尼松生成蓝色产物,并于525nm 波长处测定吸光度。测定条件为:反应管长度为3.8m(0.5mm id);流速为1.6ml/min;反应温度为55±0.5℃;注射样品溶液为100μl;本测定系统的测定速度可达100次/h;线性范围可达0.09mg/ml;检测限量为1.54μg/ml;测定结果的变异系数小于1%。 相似文献
5.
Summary The oestrogenic component of oral contraceptives affects the activity of liver enzymes and the concentrations of plasma proteins implicated in steroid metabolism and transport. The present study was designed to determine these effects on the kinetics of prednisone and prednisolone. After an oral dose of prednisone, women on oral contraceptive steroids (n=10) had higher mean (±SD) area under the plasma concentration versus time curves of total (428±67 µg/ml/min vs 188±28 µg/ml/min, p<0.001) and unbound prednisolone (64±10 µg/ml/min vs 41±10 µg/ml/min, p<0.001) than women not taking oral contraceptive steroids (n=10). The differences were attributable to a lower non-renal clearance of prednisolone and to a higher apparent systemic availability of the drug in contraceptive users than in the controls. The affinity of albumin and transcortin for prednisolone was lower in women on oral contraceptives than in controls (p<0.001). Thus, altered kinetics and protein binding may account for the known increase in glucocorticoid efficacy by oestrogens. 相似文献
6.
Michele Baccarani Giovanna Corbelli Sante Tura S. Tura G. Corbelli M. Fiacchini M. Gobbi L. Gugliotta F. Lauria P. Ricci A. Zaccaria M. Baccarani F. Mandelli G. Alimena G. Papa L. Annino G. Guglielmi A. Allegra 《Leukemia research》1981,5(2):149-157
The effect of early splenectomy and of polychemotherapy with hydroxyurea, busulfan, and alternate bimonthly courses of arabinosyl cytosine and vincristine plus prednisone, was evaluated in 139 previously untreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), consecutively admitted to 18 hospitals from March 1973 to October 1974. Fifty-six patients were splenectomized and 83 patients were not splenectomized. Splenectomy did not influence the duration of chronic and blastic phase, and did not prolong survival. The prognosis of high risk patients was not improved. During the chronic phase, high platelet counts were more frequent in splenectomy group, and five patients developed thrombotic or thromboembolic complications, 5 to 19 months after the operation. The median survival of the whole group was 50 months, with 32 of 139 patients (actuarial proportion 30%) remaining alive 72 months after diagnosis, but the slope of the survival curve was similar to that of historical controls. The results of this trial suggests that new strategies should be developed for the therapy of CML. 相似文献
7.
I. T. Ağabeyoğlu R. F. Bergstrom W. R. Gillespie J. G. Wagner D. R. Kay 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1979,16(6):399-404
Summary The plasma binding of prednisolone was studied in twenty normal volunteers and twenty rheumatoid arthritis patients. An in vitro assessment of the binding following the addition of prednisolone, prednisone, and hydrocortisone to the plasmas obtained from the subjects showed significant differences in the percentage of prednisolone bound. However, the differences observed were regarded as clinically insignificant. The plasma protein binding was determined by an in vitro equilibrium dialysis of the individual plasma samples at 37° C. Prednisolone levels on both sides of the dialysis membrane were determined using radioactivity and HPLC analytical methodologies. The percentages of prednisolone bound calculated from the analytical results of either the radiochemical or HPLC method were not significantly different. The change in the percentage of prednisolone bound to plasma proteins was studied as a function of the total prednisolone plasma concentration in a normal volunteer and in a systemic lupus erythematosis patient. As a result of prednisolone binding to both transcortin and albumin, the binding of prednisolone changes as a function of prednisolone concentration. The binding data were fitted using nonlinear least squares regression, and the affinity constants for the binding of prednisolone to transcortin and albumin were estimated. 相似文献
8.
陈永忠 《安徽卫生职业技术学院学报》2004,3(3):32-33
目的:观察强的松辅助治疗顽固性肺结核小咯血的临床疗效及不良反应.方法:采用开放随机方法对强的松与其他止血药治疗肺结核小咯血48例进行对比观察.结果:加用强的松组治疗3天有效率(83.3%)明显高于对照组(29.2%),两组差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论:短期合理使用强的松辅助治疗顽固性肺结核小咯血疗效确切,无明显不良反应. 相似文献
9.
S Monfardini S M L Aversa V Zoli L Salvagno A Bianco R Bordonaro G Benevolo M Crugnola G Crivellari P Vivaldi U Basso V Torri 《Annals of oncology》2005,16(8):1352-1358
BACKGROUND: Frail patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are generally excluded from clinical trials and not even treated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of vinorelbine and prednisone in frail elderly patients with NHL. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty consecutive frail elderly patients were entered in a phase II study with vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 and 8 and oral prednisone 30 mg total dose on days 1-8 for six cycles. Criteria of frailty were age > or =80 years, or age > or =70 years and three or more comorbidities of grade 3 or at least one comorbidity of grade 4 according to the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), or not self-sufficient or the presence of one or more geriatric syndromes. RESULTS: Of 30 evaluable patients, three (10.0%) achieved a complete response (CR), nine (30.0%) showed a partial response (PR), while 10 presented with stable disease and eight with progressive disease. The median duration of CR was 29 months (range 5-36 months), and the median duration of PR was 1 month (range 1-22 months). Three patients had grade 3 neutropenia and one had grade 4. One grade 4 neurotoxicity was observed. Three patients died because of heart failure within 28 days of therapy, and one patient died after 4 days because of rapid progression. The median overall survival was only 10 months. CONCLUSION: Vinorelbine and prednisone is a relatively non-toxic combination with modest activity in frail patients with NHL. If initial aggressive chemotherapy has been excluded, this combination could be tried to obtain a temporary palliation. 相似文献
10.
本文通过Beagle犬双周期随机交叉灌胃给予醋酸泼尼松(2.0 mg·kg-1)和泼尼松(1.8 mg·kg-1),建立液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法同时测定Beagle犬血浆中的醋酸泼尼松、泼尼松及活性代谢物泼尼松龙的浓度,比较醋酸泼尼松和泼尼松的生物利用度及药代动力学。本实验方案经中国科学院上海药物研究所实验动物伦理委员会批准。采用地塞米松作为内标,血浆样品以乙腈沉淀蛋白后,经HSS T3(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱分离,以甲醇-0.1%甲酸的5 mmol·L-1醋酸铵水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱。采用电喷雾离子源,以多反应监测正离子模式检测。用于定量分析的醋酸泼尼松、泼尼松及泼尼松龙的离子对分别为m/z 401.2→295.2、m/z 359.2→313.2和m/z 361.2→325.1,内标的离子对为m/z 393.2→373.0。结果表明,醋酸泼尼松在血浆中的含量低于分析方法的定量下限1.0 ng·mL-1,说明醋酸泼尼松在体内吸收过程中... 相似文献