神经内镜治疗脑室内病变

目的探讨脑室内病变的神经内镜治疗。方法应用神经内镜对68例脑室内病变进行治疗,其中松果体区肿瘤16例,囊性颅咽管瘤15例,丘脑肿瘤14例,脑室内囊肿16例,侵及室管膜下的胼胝体肿瘤3例,侧脑室脉络丛乳头状瘤2例,侧脑室猪囊尾蚴病1例,侧脑室内分流管脱落1例。结果随访17～69个月,56例有效,12例死于肿瘤扩散。无严重并发症。结论对脑室内病变选择性应用神经内镜治疗安全、有效。     

Image Guided Neuroendoscopy for Third Ventriculostomy

Summary  Third ventriculostomy has become an increasing popular procedure for the treatment of hydrocephalus of different aetiologies. Between october 1997 and october 1998, 17 patients (12 females, 5 males; 12–82 year-old; mean age 43) underwent image-assisted endoscopic third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus at the Istituto Nazionale Neurologico “C.Besta” of Milano. There was no mortality and no long term morbidity. Neuronavigation has been found useful in selecting the safest trajectory to the target avoiding any traction on the foramen of Monro related structures and allowing the necessary mobility for fine adjustments under visual and “tactile” control when choosing the safest point to perform the stoma.  According to our experience neuro-endoscopy and neuronavigation seems to be complementary in reaching easy, safe and successful results in the treatment of hydrocephalus of different origins.     

三种不同方式治疗高血压性基底节区脑出血的回顾性临床研究

目的探讨神经内镜和微骨窗入路血肿清除术及保守治疗在基底节区高血压性脑出血治疗中的效果及预后,以期更好的为临床治疗提供参考。方法回顾分析72例高血压性基底节区脑出血病例,其中神经内镜治疗22例,微骨窗入路开颅手术治疗25例,保守治疗25例,比较手术血肿清除率、住院期间并发症发生率、住院好转天数、住院期间死亡率及远期疗效。结果三组在血肿清除率、住院期间并发症发生率方面差异有统计学意义;而远期疗效、住院期间死亡率上相比,三组无显著统计学差异。结论神经内镜手术治疗高血压性基底节区脑出血优于微骨窗入路血肿清除术和保守治疗,是一种损伤轻、疗效好的微创治疗方法。     

神经内镜下治疗基底节区高血压脑出血的效果研究

目的探讨传统开颅手术与神经内镜手术在治疗基底节区高血压脑出血(HICH)患者中的疗效与安全性,为其临床治疗提供一定依据。方法 86例基底节区HICH患者,根据手术方式不同将患者分为神经内镜组(40例)和开颅手术组(46例),开颅手术组采用开颅血肿清除手术治疗,神经内镜组采用神经内镜微创血肿清除手术治疗,对比两组基底节区HICH患者皮肤切口大小、骨窗大小、皮层切口大小、手术时间、术中出血量、血肿清除率、术后并发症、近期与远期疗效和病死率。结果神经内镜组患者的皮肤切口大小、骨窗大小、皮层切口大小、手术时间、术中出血量均明显低于开颅手术组(P 0.01);两组患者血肿清除率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);神经内镜组患者术后并发症发生率为10.0%,明显低于开颅手术组的28.3%(P 0.05);神经内镜组患者近期疗效良好率为90.0%明显高于开颅手术组的60.9%(P 0.01);神经内镜组患者远期疗效良好率为92.5%明显高于开颅手术组的63.0%(P 0.01);开颅手术组患者死亡3例,病死率6.5%;神经内镜组患者死亡2例,病死率5.0%;两组患者病死率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论神经内镜手术治疗基底节区HICH可以减小手术创伤,缩短手术时间,降低出血量,提升近期与远期疗效,降低并发症发生率。     

神经内镜手术治疗脑室内肿瘤

目的探讨神经内镜手术治疗脑室内肿瘤的临床疗效及经验.方法回顾性分析16例经神经内镜手术治疗的脑室内肿瘤的临床资料,其中肿瘤单纯位于侧脑室8例,第三脑室6例,同时位于侧脑室和第三脑室2例.结果肿瘤全切除4例,部分切除8例,囊性颅咽管瘤经囊腔内置Ommaya管术后囊腔明显缩小4例.术后根据病理检查对部分病例进行放射治疗.均无明显手术并发症.随访2～36个月,平均15.7个月,无死亡病例,第三脑室内生殖细胞瘤复发1例,第三脑室内囊性颅咽管瘤囊腔扩大1例.结论神经内镜手术治疗脑室内肿瘤具有微创、手术视野好、并发症少等优点,是一种有效的诊疗手段.     

导航下神经内镜与显微手术治疗基底节脑出血的对比研究

目的 探讨导航下神经内镜与显微手术治疗基底节脑出血的疗效及安全性.方法 将60例高血压基底节脑出血患者分为导航内镜组(n=32)和显微手术组(n=28),比较两组患者的临床资料.结果 导航内镜组手术时间(112.1±14.5)min,术中中位失血量100.0(92.5,140.0)mL,血肿清除率(93.6±3.7)％...     

神经内镜控制下经鼻-经蝶手术入路切除垂体腺瘤

目的 探讨神经内镜控制下单鼻孔经蝶手术入路切除垂体瘤的适应证、手术方法、手术技巧及其优点。方法 经内镜控制下单鼻孔经蝶手术入路手术治疗垂体瘤患者9例。结果 肿瘤全切7例，次全切2例。手术效果良好。并发症2例;脑脊液漏及颅内感染1例，尿崩、高热、意识障碍1例。无死亡。结论 神经内镜控制下单鼻孔经蝶手术入路切除垂体瘤较传统手术方法具有微创、照明良好、视野开阔、并发症较少等优点，是垂体瘤手术治疗的发展方向。     

“双镜联合”显微神经外科手术治疗桥小脑角脑膜瘤

目的 探讨神经内镜和显微镜“双镜联合”下显微神经外科手术治疗桥小脑角脑膜瘤的临床应用价值及优势.方法 回顾性分析经枕下乙状窦后入路显微神经外科手术治疗的39例桥小脑角脑膜瘤患者的临床资料.其中11例患者为“双镜联合”下手术切除肿瘤(双镜联合组),28例患者为单纯显微镜下手术切除肿瘤(显微镜组).结果 双镜联合组患者中肿...     

Anatomy of the cerebral ventricular system for endoscopic neurosurgery: a magnetic resonance study

Summary ?Background. Endoscopy has developed into an integral part of minimally invasive neurosurgery. For further technological innovations, detailed knowledge about the pathological anatomy is essential. The gross anatomy of the cerebral ventricular system has been meticulously investigated with ventriculography and casts. Extensive volumetric measurements based on neuroradiological images have been performed, but only little is known about the surgically relevant linear distances in patients with hydrocephalus. Method. Thirty healthy volunteers and thirty patients suffering from hydrocephalus were scanned with high-resolution 3-D magnetic resonance imaging sequences. The image volumes were sliced identically with the help of Siemens Prominence^? software. Individual anatomical measurements of the ventricular system were carried out, mean values and standard deviations were calculated, and different endoscopic approaches were investigated. Findings. In healthy volunteers the measurements confirmed the results obtained from ventriculography and anatomic casts. In hydrocephalic patients the ventricular system was found to be enlarged asymmetrically. The optimal neuroendoscopic approach showed considerable, interindividual variation. Interpretation. This 3-D magnetic resonance imaging study revealed surgically and clinically relevant aspects of the pathologic anatomy of hydrocephalic patients, in comparison to healthy volunteers. Individualized planning of the endoscopic approach appears to be warranted. Finally, the data provided a sound basis for the further development of neuroendoscopes. Published online June 4, 2003