腹部术后胃瘫综合征的诊治体会

目的探讨腹部术后胃瘫的诊断及治疗.方法总结16例腹部术后胃瘫患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果该组病例中男11例,女5例;年龄36～85岁,平均(60.50±15.76)岁.术前长期流出道梗阻、恶性肿瘤、胆道疾病、胰十二指肠切除术后,胃大部切除术后的病人发病率高.胃镜、X线口服造影及核素胃排空试验对术后胃瘫的诊断有价值,经保守治疗后胃肠动力一般在术后4周内恢复.结论该病是一种功能性疾病,一旦诊断成立,采取促动力药物在内的保守治疗是治疗的有效方法,不宜盲目手术.     

Intraoperative radiotherapy of upper abdominal tumours

Thirty patients with malignant tumours in the upper abdomen underwent surgery and intraoperalive radiation (IORT), using electron beam, to: the surgical bed, residual or unresected tumour. The technical aspects and results of this treatment are described. Renal, adrenal, bile duct and gastrointestinal tumours were treated. along with several other lesions. The surgical procedure consisted in 10 cases simply of exposure of the tumour for IORT and in 20 the tumour was resected. The TORT dose ranged from 10 to: 20 Gv. In 13 patients, external beam radiation was also given to: residual tumour or to: areas of high risk for recurrence. Chemotherapy was given to: 10 patients. Tolerance to: the combined treatment was acceptable; with few complications related to: IORT.The median follow-up and survival time 23 months (range 4-more than 70 months). Local tumour control rate (or tumour stabilisation) is 90%. Distant metastases developed in 19 patients (63%). The actuarial survival rate for the group projected at 70 months (maximum follow-up) is 37%. IORT in useful in the management of tumours arising in the upper abdominal organs, for palliation surgery or when resectability of the tumour is in doubt. Indications for IORT include patients with uncommon tumours of the upper abdomen who are not be candidates for standardised cancer treatment.Presented at the European Congress of Radiology, Vienna, September 15–20,1991     

成人急腹症B型超声诊断价值探讨

目的：探讨成人急腹症超声诊断价值。方法：回顾分析ll0例经临床及手术证实的成人急腹症的超声诊断。结果：临床诊断准确率为97．3％，在成人腹腔脓肿，肝破裂，急性胰腺炎，胰腺外伤等病的诊断准确率分别为91．3％，93．5％，92．7％。结论：超声诊断在成人急腹症具有重要的诊断价值。在大部分病例是首选的诊断手段。     

Rectus sheath haematoma requiring laparotomy

Rectus sheath haematoma is a well‐documented but unusual cause of acute abdomen. Combination of clinical features and appropriate radiological investigations can make for a prompt diagnosis. Most authors advocate conservative management and it has been reported that patients were directly discharged from the emergency department. We report a case of rectus sheath haematoma which progressed with clinical deterioration and necessitated surgical intervention for clot evacuation. Causes, physical signs, radiological features and classification of rectus sheath haematoma are discussed. It may be necessary to continue close clinical monitoring after diagnosis of rectus sheath haematoma.     

γ线照射对大鼠胃酸分泌及胃泌素释放的影响

本实验观察了大鼠全身照射不同剂量(4～25Gy)及全腹部照射(10Gy)后胃酸分泌的变化并用RIA方法测定照射后胃窦及血清中胃泌素水平.结果表明,全身8～25Gy照射后第3天,腹部10Gy照射后1～6周,胃酸分泌明显抑制.主现表现为胃液中[H~+]分泌的抑制,致使照射后胃液酸度降低.10Gy以上剂量照射使胃泌素释放增加,表现为血清胃泌素明显升高,胃窦胃泌素明显减少,导致照射引起的"低胃酸、高胃泌素血症".这种表现与人的某些萎缩性胃炎或恶性贫血的状况相似.     

腹横肌修复膈缺损的初步研究

目的为带蒂腹横肌瓣转位修复膈缺损提供解剖学基础.方法在40侧新生儿尸体标本上,解剖观测腹横肌的形态、血供及神经支配.结果1)腹横肌肌性部厚度平均为(0.98±0.22)mm,与腱膜部移行处的长度平均为(10.35±1.78)cm,平脐高度的宽度平均为(4.88±1.05)cm,腱膜部平均宽度(2.62±0.51)cm.2)腹横肌血供为多源性,由肋间后动脉、肋下动脉、腰动脉、旋髂深动脉升支供血,位置恒定.结论设计带蒂腹横肌瓣转位修复膈缺损具有可行性.     

腹部切口裂开32例临床分析

[背景 ]探讨腹部手术切口裂开的防治 .[病例报告 ]3 2例腹部切口裂开的病人中恶性肿瘤病人 8例 ,肠梗阻病人 6例 ,消化道、阑尾穿孔病人各 4例 ;5例存在明显肠胀气 ,4例有明显切口感染 .[讨论 ]全身营养状态不良和局部因素是切口裂开的主要原因 .加强营养支持 ,注意提高缝合技术和增加组织抗张力的强度 ,避免危险因素和加强对危险因素的围手术期处理 ,可以有效减少腹部手术后切口裂开 ,提高手术成功率 .     

陈香露白露胶囊对实验性急性胃炎的作用

目的 观察中成药陈香露白露胶囊对大鼠急性实验性胃炎的作用。方法 分别用0.3g/kg(低剂量），0.6g/kg(中剂量）和1.2g/kg(高剂量）陈香露白露胶囊灌胃给药，观察并比较其对乙醇致大鼠胃粘膜损伤，水杨酸钠诱导大鼠急性胃炎和醋酸致小鼠发生扭体反应的影响。结果 陈香露白露胶囊0.6g/kg和1.2g/kg均能明显降低乙醇致胃粘膜损伤和水杨酸钠诱发的急性胃炎的溃疡指数，0.3g/kg,0.6g/kg和1.2g/kg均可明显降低醋酸所致小鼠发生的扭体反应次数。结论 陈香露白露胶囊对大鼠的乙醇致胃粘膜损伤和水杨酸钠诱发的急性胃炎有明显的保护作用。并能抑制醋酸诱发的小鼠扭体反应次数。     

Expression and Significance of Toll-like Receptor 2, 4 of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Acute Abdomen Patients Associated with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

The changes of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, 4 of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the acute abdomen patients associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and their potential significance were explored. A clinical study was performed on 103 acute abdomen patients in whom 65 were associated with SIRS. Forty healthy individuals served as normal controls. The mRNA expression of TLR2, 4 was detected by RT-PCR, and the expression of TNF-αand EL-6 by ELISA. The level of plasma endotoxin, hospital stay and mortality were measured. It was found that the endotoxin level was increased to varying degrees in all the acute abdomen patients, and the endotoxin level was and hospital stay longer in SIRS group than in non-SIRS group (P<0.01). TLR2 mRNA, TLR4 mRNA, IL-6 and TNF-αcould be detected with low value in normal controls, but they were up-regulated markedly on the 1st day after admission. Then TLR4 mRNA, IL-6 and TNF-αwere decreased gradually, but TLR2 mRNA maintained at a high level till the 5th day. These indexes above in SIRS group were higher than those in non-SIRS group (P<0.01). The results of correlation analysis revealed the expression of TLR2, 4 mRNA was positively correlated with the levels of TNF-αand IL-6, and the hospital stay. The results of Logistic regression demonstrated that over-expression of TLR2, 4 mRNA might result in higher risk of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). It was concluded that in the acute abdomen patients associated with SIRS, the expression of TLR2, 4 in PBMCs was increased markedly, suggesting that TLR might play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute abdomen associated with SIRS.