Design of a Master of Science Sustainable Chemistry

Chemistry is the central science for value creation by physical products in the socio-economic system. Unsustainable processes over many decades have led to pressure on the planet and an urgent need for prioritizing sustainable development on a global level. Due to the central role of chemistry, the chemistry profession is an important stakeholder group to shape the transformation towards sustainable development. In order to provide relevant skills, higher education in chemistry requires a view of chemistry in the context of the framework of sustainability and the uptake of new content that is not covered in conventional teaching of chemistry. Such content includes environmental chemistry and toxicology, benign design of chemicals (teaching of chemistry), but also a broader context such as alternative business models and overarching knowledge of international policies and strategies to implement change with respect to chemical industry, chemical products and business (teaching about chemistry) in favor of sustainable development. In this paper, we describe a first of its kind program following this approach: An M.Sc. Sustainable Chemistry. It addresses the above mentioned topics and aims for international professionals of the chemical sector.     

Triglycerides, free fatty acids, free fatty acids/albumin molar ratio, and cholesterol levels in serum of neonates receiving long-term lipid infusions: controlled trial of continuous and intermittent regimens

We compared intermittent (8 hours/day) versus continuous (24 hours/day) isocaloric lipid infusion regimens in 28 neonates. The lipid dose was increased incrementally by 0.5 gm/kg/day to either 3 gm/kg/day or until fat contributed 40% of daily calories. Serum total triglycerides, free fatty acids, free fatty acids/albumin molar ratio, and total cholesterol levels were measured prior to the daily lipid infusion, at the end of the intermittent infusion, and at 8 hours during the continuous infusion. Neonates less than 32 weeks postconception had significant fluctuation of triglycerides, free fatty acids, and free fatty acids/albumin molar ratio during the intermittent regimen at all lipid doses, but not during the continuous regimen. Neonates greater than or equal to 32 weeks postconception had significant fluctuation of serum triglycerides, free fatty acids, and free fatty acids/albumin molar ratio during the intermittent regimen with a lipid dose greater than or equal to 2 gm/kg/day, but not during the continuous regimen at all lipid doses. Serum free fatty acids correlated closely with serum triglycerides during both regimens (r = 0.89, P less than 0.001). Serum total cholesterol rose with increasing lipid doses during both regimens (f = 8.16, P less than 0.05). We conclude that neonates less than 32 weeks postconception tolerate the continuous regimen better than the intermittent regimen at all lipid doses; neonates greater than or equal to 32 weeks postconception tolerate both regimens well at lipid dose less than 2 gm/kg/day, but tolerate a continuous regimen better with lipid dose greater than or equal to 2 gm/kg/day.     

伊犁三道河地区拜虫杀防治蚊虫效果观察

本文报道了对新疆伊犁三道河地区拜虫杀防治蚊虫效果观察。实验表明:该药室内滞留喷洒效果较好,持效2周左右;营院喷洒,由于此地蚊虫密度高,孳生地广泛存在而难以控制,该药虽能有效降低蚊虫密度和刺叮指数,但持效仅4～5天。因此对蚊虫的防制应采取以环境治理、消除孳生地为根本并结合化学防治、生物防治等综合防制措施,但在环境治理困难的情况下,应以室内防治和单兵防护为主。