北宋官刻雕板医书浅谈

在中国古代医学文献史上，北宋雕板医书是个极其重要而特殊的阶段，其成就首推官刻。北宋10次中央官刻医书以其丰富的内容使宋以前古代医籍第一次得到真正的保存、传播和发展，并创造使用了新的雕板标识方法和技术，统一或规范了部分经典医籍的刊刻形式与版本体例。已成为今天了解古医籍成书源流、判别版本优劣、辨析文字真伪和流派承传、审定史料学术价值的重要手段和依据。     

营养液浓度对丹参生长的影响

对丹参进行不同浓度营养液的砂培试验。结果表明,丹参是一种喜肥作物,在盐分总浓度达0.37%的条件下仍生长良好,产量也高。     

去粗取精去伪存真——宋立人教授谈本草文献研究

中医文献学是中医药学发展的先导,本草文献研究是中医文献研究中的一个最薄弱环节,这与我国历史悠久、地域广阔、各地药物使用情况不同有关。中药品种混乱、同名异物、真伪互用等现象的存在,不但影响了用药规范和药物的临床疗效,更严重地阻碍了中医药事业的发展,因此本草文献研究实乃当务之争。综合性本草的研究当以《证类本草》为起点,专题性本草可分食疗、炮制、民间药物、中药药性、中药药理、临床应用等类加以研究。在本草     

Frequency of Consumption of Whole Fruit,Not Fruit Juice,Is Associated with Reduced Prevalence of Obesity in Korean Adults

BackgroundFruit consumption is known to be beneficial to health. However, the health benefits of fruit juice are controversial due to its high sugar content.ObjectivesTo examine the associations of frequency of consumption of whole fruit and fruit juice with obesity and metabolic syndrome.DesignThis cross-sectional study used data from the 2012-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.ParticipantsA total of 10,460 adults (4,082 men and 6,378 women) aged 19 to 64 years were included in the study.Main outcome measuresFrequency of consumption of whole fruit and fruit juice was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire, and dietary sugar intake was calculated using a 24-hour recall. Obesity and abdominal obesity were determined using body mass index and waist circumference, respectively. Metabolic syndrome was defined on the basis of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III.Statistical analyses performedMultiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between frequency of whole fruit or fruit juice consumption and obesity and metabolic syndrome abnormalities.ResultsThe percentage of participants who consumed whole fruit daily was 32.6%, whereas 52.3% consumed fruit juice rarely. The average intake of total sugars was 14.9% of total energy, which was within the recommend range (<20% of total energy) for Koreans. Consuming whole fruit ≥1 time/day was associated with reduced prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity, and elevated blood pressure compared with consuming whole fruit ≤1 time/wk. However, frequency of fruit juice consumption showed no association with obesity, abdominal obesity, and metabolic syndrome.ConclusionsFrequency of whole fruit consumption was associated with reduced prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome abnormalities among Korean adults with average total sugar intake within the recommended range.     

基于数据挖掘探讨宋康教授辨治CVA用药规律

目的：收集整理宋康教授辨治咳嗽变异性哮喘（CVA）医案,通过统计分析及数据挖掘的方法,探索总结其临床经验及用药规律。方法：本研究采用回顾性研究方法,收集宋康教授2015年1月1日至2017年12月31日期间门诊诊断为CVA的病案,根据纳入标准及排除标准,结合随访资料,建立病案数据库。通过一般情况分析,高频药物分布,关联规则分析,系统聚类分析及Liquorice复杂网络分析,挖掘高频药物及其分布规律,核心药对和药组,核心方,整理总结宋康教授临证经验。结果：通过对325份医案的数据挖掘分析,获得宋康教授治疗CVA的30味高频药物,6对核心药对,4组核心药组,839条关联规则,1个核心方。结论：宋康教授治疗CVA,基于“风咳”理论,以祛风、化痰、清肺、平肝为主,补益脾胃为辅,五脏辨咳,治以复法,擅用药对,精于配伍。     

基于经典医籍挖掘唐宋以后中风病“外风致中”思想

中风病是中医临床治疗中具有明显优势的疾病之一,早在《内经》时代就有较为系统的阐述。唐宋以前多认为中风病因外风而致,唐宋以后多主张内风致病。外风致病向内风致病理念的转变是对于早期理论的纠错,还是病因病机理论的延伸,一直以来存在着争议。笔者认为这一观念的转变是对于中风病病因病机分析的细化,唐宋以后"外风致中"思想与"内风致中"理论并行。本文通过对历代中医古籍文献的梳理,重点分析唐宋以后"外风致中"思想的相关研究,并通过现代相关实验研究的整理证实该理论的发展,为中风病中医研究与临床治疗提供理论参考。     

Endocrine correlates of the breeding asynchrony between two Corsican populations of blue tits (Parus caeruleus)

Analyses of the development of the reproductive system in seasonally breeding birds in the framework of long-term ecological studies are rare. Here, we present the first results of such a study in two Corsican populations of a European passerine bird, the blue tit (Parus caeruleus). The two study populations occupy different oak habitats and are separated by only 25 km. Despite their close proximity, they show a one-month difference in onset of egg laying, even after controlling for altitude. This micro-geographic difference in breeding date appears adaptive because both study populations raise chicks when food is most plentiful. In our study, males reached their maximum song activity during the egg-laying stage while maximal testosterone levels and testes sizes were reached 2-3 weeks before egg laying. The rate of development of the reproductive system in males was much faster in the earlier population, in spite of a similar onset of gonad development and song activity for the two study populations. No change in the volume of the song-control nuclei (HVC and RA) could be detected during the study period. Development of brain nuclei was completed 2-3 months before the beginning of intense sexual activity.     

Behavioral and neural trade-offs between song complexity and stress reaction in a wild and a domesticated finch strain

The Bengalese finch is the domesticated strain of the wild white-rumped munia. Bengalese finches have been domesticated and reproductively isolated for over 250 years from the wild strain. During this period, the courtship songs of the domesticated birds became phonologically and syntactically complex. In addition, psychological and physiological stress reactions to environmental and social factors diverged between the two strains. Based on our behavioral and histological studies, we consider the balance between the glucocorticoid- and mineralocorticoid receptors in song control nuclei and in the avian amygdala as to determine whether a bird can develop complex songs or rather has to devote the neural resources for the maintenance of stress reactions. We therefore suggest that phonological and syntactical complexity in Bengalese finch songs initially evolved because domestication freed them from species recognition and environmental stress, and then sexual selection increased the complexity. Neural and molecular studies also support the notion that Bengalese finches keep more song plasticity as adults. In conclusion, the present study suggests that domestication changed factors related with psychobiology of stress reactions and learning in finches.     

基于HPLC指纹图谱研究衢枳壳与不同栽培变种枳壳质量差异

目的 基于HPLC指纹图谱技术和统计学分析方法,比较和评价常山柚橙Citrus aurantium ‘Changshan-huyou’未成熟的干燥果实（衢枳壳）与不同栽培变种酸橙间质量的一致性与差异性。方法 使用Extend XDB C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,检测波长330 nm,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃。通过聚类分析（cluster analysis,CA）和主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）对35批样品的指纹图谱进行评价。结果 建立的酸橙枳壳的指纹图谱共有模式获得24个共有峰,并指认出12个目标化合物。13批衢枳壳样品的相似度结果范围0.920～0.947,质量一致性好,不同基原枳壳相似度结果为0.127～0.990,质量差异大。CA将衢枳壳均与酸橙枳壳聚为一类,朱栾和部分黄皮酸橙单独聚为一类,结合PCA获得区分不同基原枳壳的差异性标志物,其中9个已知化合物分别为葡萄内酯水合物、川陈皮素、柚皮苷、桔皮素、木犀草素、新橙皮苷、芸香柚皮苷、橙皮苷、柚皮...