Density distribution of erythrocytes in class A2 (insulin requiring) gestational diabetes

We evaluated the age distribution of erythrocytes in pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes class A2 by the density distribution of cells (DDC) method. The values for normal pregnancy and nonpregnant women were obtained from recently published studies. The cumulative density distribution of cells (DDC) of women with gestational diabetes resembled that of normal pregnancy.     

造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病的临床观察

目的:观察我院骨髓移植治疗恶性血液病的疗效、探讨移植相关并发症的预防及处理等问题。方法:4例行HLA相合的同胞间异基因外周干细胞移植(Allo-PBSCT)、2例行自体外周干细胞移植(APBSCT)和1例行自体骨髓移植(Au-to-BMT)。结果:全部病例均成功造血重建。中性粒细胞≥0·5×109/L平均时间为11天;血小板≥20×109/L平均时间为16天;发生Ⅱ~Ⅲ度aGVHD1例,cGVHD1例,溶血性贫血2例,间质性肺炎2例,中位随访时间18(6~42)月,全部病例现均存活。结论:骨髓移植治疗恶性血液病有较好疗效。     

肥胖学生血脂变化特点的病例对照研究

目的了解肥胖学生血脂变化的特点,为肥胖的干预提供依据。方法对88名肥胖和88名对照组学生进行血脂检查,并分析血脂与体重、年龄、性别的关系。结果肥胖学生存在血脂紊乱的占47.73%、胆固醇(TC)异常的占29.55%、三酰甘油(TG)异常的占19.32%、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)异常的占19.32%、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)异常的占5.68%,对照组学生分别占15.91%,1.14%,5.68%,2.27%,9.09%。其中血脂,TC,TG,LDL-C 2组间差异有统计学意义。肥胖组和对照组的HDL-C均数分别为1.28,1.46mmol/L,差异有统计学意义。肥胖学生中,血脂异常的检出率随着体质量增加而上升。结论肥胖学生存在明显的血脂紊乱,表现为高TC,TG,LDL-C,而且血脂紊乱与体质量有关。     

儿童恶性血液病患者中性粒细胞缺乏期医院感染的临床分析

目的探讨儿童恶性血液病患者中性粒细胞缺乏期医院感染发生的特点及防治对策。方法回顾性分析2000年1月-2005年6月174例儿童恶性血液病住院患者接受强化疗后在中性粒细胞缺乏期感染发生的特点、感染发生的因素及感染种类等以及治疗效果。结果儿童恶性血液病患者中性粒细胞缺乏期医院感染发生率为67.4%;以呼吸道感染最多见为45.4%,其次是口腔、血液、皮肤和肠道等;细菌感染为86.8%,真菌感染为13.2%;对革兰阴性杆菌(G-杆菌)较敏感的药物有亚胺培南/西司他丁、美罗培南、阿米卡星、头孢他啶、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、替卡西林/克拉维酸;对革兰阴性球菌(G 球菌)敏感的药物有万古霉素,其他依次为亚胺培南/西司他丁、美罗培南、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、环丙沙星、克林霉素;医院感染致死率为44.4%。结论儿童恶性血液病患者中性粒细胞缺乏期医院感染发生率高,作好基础护理、加强肠道消毒、使用粒细胞刺激因子、合理使用抗菌药物与警惕真菌感染等是防治儿童恶性血液病患者中性粒细胞缺乏期医院感染的重要措施。     

Development of the Proteasome Inhibitor Velcade™ (Bortezomib)

The dipeptide boronic acid analogue VELCADE™ (Bortezomib; formerly known as PS-341, LDP-341 and MLM341) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the proteasome, a multicatalytic enzyme that mediates many cellular regulatory signals by degrading regulatory proteins or their inhibitors. The proteasome is, thus, a potential target for pharmacological agents. Bortezomib, the first proteasome inhibitor to reach clinical trials, has shown in vitro and in vivo activity against a variety of malignancies, including myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colon cancer. The drug is rapidly cleared from the vascular compartment, but a novel pharmacodynamic assay has shown that bortezomib-mediated proteasome blockade is dose-dependent and reversible. Based on phase I studies demonstrating that bortezomib has manageable toxicities in patients with advanced cancers, phase II trials have been initiated for both solid and hematological malignancies.     

同期同胞HLA全相合与亲缘间单倍体相合异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病对比观察

目的 比较同胞HLA全相合与亲缘间单倍体相合异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)在恶性血液病治疗中的造血重建情况、移植相关并发症及临床疗效.方法 18例恶性血液病患者中,HLA同胞全相合9例、亲缘间单倍体相合9例,回顾性分析两组造血重建情况、移植相关并发症及临床疗效情况.结果 两组在造血重建、预处理相关毒性、急慢性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)及临床疗效经改良预处理方案后无明显差异,但在移植过程中及术后、血制品的输注量、CMV感染率及真菌感染率发生方面,单倍体相合移植组明显高于同胞全相合组.结论 经改良预处理方案后同胞HLA全相合与亲缘间单倍体相合allo-HSCT在恶性血液病治疗方而临床疗效相近,亲缘间单倍体相合移植为恶性血液病治疗开辟了又一新途径,从根本上解决了供者来源问题.     

血液肿瘤化疗后血清可溶性白细胞介素-11水平的变化及其意义

目的 观察血液肿瘤化疗后血清可溶性白细胞介素-11(sIL-11)水平与血小板数量改变的关系,探索能维持血小板安全水平的sIL-11临界值,以指导临床治疗.方法 收集血液肿瘤患者化疗前后的血标本,测定sIL-11和血小板水平,观察两者变化间关系并进行统计学分析.结果 99例患者完成研究.化疗后患者的sIL-11水平逐步升高,第6天达到峰值后逐渐下降;血小板数量随时间逐步降低,第10天达到最低值,然后逐渐上升;在血小板达到最低之前sIL-11已达峰值;患者化疗后sIL-11越高,血小板数量越有可能维持于较高水平.根据血小板水半最低值将病例分为两组比较,具较高血小板组有较高sIL-11峰值.其sIL-11平均增长速度快,血小板达到最低值的时间较晚,高sIL-11峰值的病例较多.多元回归显示化疗后血小板低于临界值的影响因素有:sIL-11达到最大值的日平均增长速度和化疗第4天sIL-11低于2000Pg/ml.结论 血液肿瘤患者化疗后sIL-11水平与血小板数量的变化存在相关关系,可以通过测量sIL-11的变化来预测血小板数量的变化趋势.化疗第4天sIL-11<2000 Pg/ml的患者发生严重血小板减少的可能性大,建议给予rhIL-11治疗或输注血小板治疗.     

Cyclin D1 Amplification in Multiple Myeloma Is Associated With Multidrug Resistance Expression

BackgroundCyclin D1 is involved in normal regulation of the cell cycle and in neoplasia. Inhibition of cyclin D1 function markedly attenuates the proliferation of fibroblasts of colon, esophageal, lung, and pancreatic cancer. However, the prognostic value of overexpression of cyclin D1 in multiple myeloma is still a point of debate. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of cyclin D1 gene amplification in multiple myeloma on overall survival and response to therapy.Patients and MethodsFifty patients with multiple myeloma were retrospectively studied. Cyclin D1 gene amplification was studied in bone marrow biopsies of these patients using FISH. An immunohistochemical study of the bone marrow biopsies was done to detect MDR1 protein expression. The correlations between the cyclin D1 gene amplification and overall survival and MDR1 expression were studied and analyzed statistically.ResultsCyclin D1 gene amplification was found in 20% of myeloma patients and was associated with higher percentage of plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow and increased liability for multiple osteolytic lesions. Cyclin D1-positive patients had a significantly lower progression-free and overall survival and higher levels of MDR1 compared with cyclin D1-negative patients. Cyclin D1 levels showed a highly statistically significant positive correlation with MDR1 levels (R, 0.8 and P < .0001).ConclusionWe suggest that there is an association between cyclin D1 gene amplification and disease severity, unfavorable prognosis, and increased expression of MDR1 in multiple myeloma patients.