3种氟喹诺酮类药物抗生素后效应的研究

应用AVANTAGF分析仪的光密度法测定了环丙沙星（CPLX）、氧氟沙星（OFLX）和氟罗沙星（FLRX）的抗生素后效应（PAE）．结果表明氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物对革兰氏阳性球菌和革兰氏阴性杆菌均产生明显的PAE．并随抗菌药物浓度的增大、对受试菌的PAE逐渐延长．呈现了明显的浓度依赖性；3种抗菌药物对铜绿假单胞菌的PAE都较长．MIC均较小．显示了良好的杀菌效果：氯罗沙星对除金葡球菌之外的受试菌的PAE均比其它2药较长．PAE的存在提示在临床设计给药方案时．可适当延长给药间期．减少给药次数与剂量．仍能维持抗菌效果。     

氟罗沙星和环丙沙星治疗术后肺炎的临床对比观察

目的比较氟罗沙星和环丙沙星治疗术后肺炎的疗效.方法将40例术后肺炎患者随机分为两组,每组20例.氟罗沙星组以氟罗沙星(0.2～0.4g qd)静脉滴注,环丙沙星组施以环丙沙星(200ml bid)静脉滴注,疗程为5天.观察治疗后两组的临床疗效、痰培养中细菌清除率和患者转阴率.结果与环丙沙星组相比,氟罗沙星组的治疗有效率、细菌清除率和患者转阴率明显提高(P＜0.05).结论氟罗沙星在术后肺炎疗效明显优于环丙沙星.     

氟喹诺酮类药物治疗性病性尿道(生殖道)炎效果评价

目的　评价对比三种新型氟喹诺酮类药物治疗性病性尿道 (生殖道 )炎的临床效果。方法　 14 6例性病性尿道 (生殖道 )炎病人按就诊顺序随机分为三组 :左氧氟沙星组 80例 ,用盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液治疗 ;氧氟沙星组 36例 ,用氧氟沙星注射液治疗 ;氟罗沙星组 30例 ,用氟罗沙星注射液治疗。三组疗程均为 7～ 14d。结果　左氧氟沙星组治愈率 (86 2 5 % )高于氧氟沙星组 (6 1 11% )和氟罗沙星组 (6 3 33% )。不良反应发生率 (7 5 0 %、11 11%、16 6 7% )三组间差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　三种新型氟喹诺酮类药物治疗性病性尿道 (生殖道 )炎均安全有效 ,左氧氟沙星优于氧氟沙星和氟罗沙星。     

氟罗沙星原料药中的杂质检查

目的　采用反相高效液相色谱法进行氟罗沙星原料药的杂质限量检查。方法　以乙腈-三乙胺及磷酸混合液 (15∶85)为流动相 ,Phenomenex C₈柱 (2.50mm×4.6mm ,5 μm)为固定相 ,流速为1.0ml·min^-1,检测波长为 286nm。结果　通过自身对照法用面积归一化法计算的氟罗沙星原料药中杂质含量均未超过 1%。结论　方法简单、灵敏度高 ,可用于氟罗沙星原料药的杂质含量测定。     

氟罗沙星注射液的稳定性研究

目的 :考察氟罗沙星注射液的稳定性。方法 :采用高效液相色谱法测定氟罗沙星注射液中氟罗沙星及其降解产物的含量 ,并考察光照、加热、pH值及卤族元素离子对其稳定性的影响。结果 :氟罗沙星平均回收率为100.4 % (RSD=0. 87 % ) ;若pH值偏低、光照或加热时间较长 ,氟罗沙星注射液色泽则明显加深 ,降解产物含量增加 ;遇卤族元素离子则析出沉淀。结论 :氟罗沙星注射液对光、热不稳定 ,容易分解 ,对光尤为明显 ;pH值越低 ,越易降解 ;不宜与含卤族元素离子的药物配伍使用。     

氟罗沙星原料药中的杂质检查

目的　采用反相高效液相色谱法进行氟罗沙星原料药的杂质限量检查。方法　以乙腈 三乙胺及磷酸混合液 (15∶85 )为流动相 ,PhenomenexC8柱 (2. 5 0mm× 4 . 6mm ,5 μm)为固定相 ,流速为 1 .0ml·min 1,检测波长为 286nm。结果　通过自身对照法用面积归一化法计算的氟罗沙星原料药中杂质含量均未超过 1%。结论　方法简单、灵敏度高 ,可用于氟罗沙星原料药的杂质含量测定。     

氟罗沙星治疗细菌性感染的药物经济学研究

目的:评价氟罗沙星和氧氟沙星治疗细菌性感染的经济性.方法:治疗组患者35例,使用氟罗沙星0.3 g,静脉滴注,1次/d共10.5 d;对照组患者32例,使用氧氟沙星0.3 g,静脉滴注,2次/d,共10.5 d.运用药物经济学的成本-效果分析方法进行评价.结果:2种方案的成本-效果比(C/E)分别为22.87,20.43,效果(以有效率表示)分别为91%,84%(P＞0.05).结论:氧氟沙星经济性最佳,氟罗沙星市场价格太贵,建议厂商重新考虑市场的药品定价策略.     

高效液相色谱法测定人血清中氟罗沙星浓度

采用反相高效液相色谱法,在色谱行为数据库技术的指导下,快速地建立了以甲醇－ 磷酸缓冲盐（３０∶７０,ｐＨ２．５）为流动相,环丙沙星为内标,三氯乙酸为蛋白沉淀剂的样品预处理方法,对人血清中的氟罗沙星浓度进行了测定。     

In vitro activity of fleroxacin against multiresistant gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients with nosocomial infections

In order to evaluate the in vitro activity of fleroxacin against nosocomial gram-negative organisms, 263 multiresistant gram-negative bacilli (203 Enterobacteriaceae and 60 non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli) were isolated from adult patients with nosocomial infections. The different patterns of resistance to eight different antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin, cephalothin, cefamandole, ceftazidime, gentamicin and amikacin) were determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), using the agar dilution method. The most prevalent multiresistant species isolated were Klebsiella pneumoniae (28.9 %), Escherichia coli (24 %) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.2 %). All these bacterial strains showed three to five resistance patterns to at least three different antibiotics. Resistance to ceftazidime was observed in at least one of the resistance patterns of isolated bacteria. The activity of fleroxacin against multiresistant enteric bacteria was excellent; these strains showed a susceptibility of 79–100 %. The susceptibility of P. aeruginosa to antipseudomonal agents was low; however, the activity of fleroxacin against these strains was higher than 60 % (MIC ≤ 2 μg/ml), broadly comparable with ciprofloxacin. The resistance to fluoroquinolones detected in this study was no cause for alarm (3 %). Consequently, fleroxacin maintains a remarkable activity against Enterobacteriaceae and remains highly active against other gram-negative bacilli. Nevertheless, actions directed at preventing or limiting resistance will be crucial to maintain the viability of fluoroquinolones as important therapeutic agents. Received: 15 January 1998 Accepted: 22 May 1998     

荧光分光光度法测定氟罗沙星片的含量

研究了荧光分光光度法测氟罗沙星片剂的含量，方法灵敏，准确，简便，荧光强度与氟罗沙星浓度在０．１－０．８μｇ／ｍｌ范围内呈良好的线性关系，平均回收率为９８．９５％ＲＳＤ为１．５０％。