A comparative analysis of radiological and surgical placement of central venous catheters

Purpose To compare the differences in practice and outcome of all radiologically and surgically placed central venous catheters retrospectively over a 2-year period simultaneously, at a single institution. Methods A total of 253 Hickman catheters were inserted in 209 patients; 120 were placed radiologically in 102 patients and 133 were placed surgically in 107 patients. The indication was chemotherapy in 76% of radiological and in 47% of surgical cases; the remainder were for total parenteral nutrition and venous access. Results There were 6 (4.5%) primary surgical failures and a further 17 (13%) surgical cases requiring multiple placement attempts. Pneumothorax occurred once (0.8%) surgically and four times (3.3%) radiologically. There were no radiological primary misplacements but there were five (3.7%) surgical ones. Catheter or central vein thrombosis occurred in four (3.3%) radiological and five (3.7%) surgical cases. The rate of infection per 1000 catheter-days was 1.9 in radiologically placed catheters and 4.0 in surgically placed ones (p<0.001). Average catheter life-span was similar for the two placement methods (100±23 days). Conclusion Radiological placement is consistently more reliable than surgical placement. There are fewer placement complications and fewer catheter infections overall.     

介入用聚氨酯材料的血液相容性研究

介入导管优良的血液相容性是确保血管内介入技术安全可靠进行的重要因素，我们对自己合成的四种介入导管用聚氨酯材料的血液相容性进行了评价，包括溶血试验、血小板黏试验、动态凝血时间试验和动态血栓形成实验。结果表明，其中的H50-100和H60-100具有优良的血液相容性，完全可以用作介入导管材料。此外，还讨论了聚氨酯结构与血液相容性的关系。     

Percutaneous retrieval of an impacted ureteric T-tube

An impacted ureteric T-tube was removed percutaneously, using an Amplatz goose-neck snare. This new snare has advantages over conventional snares, particularly in situation where atraumatic manipulation is essential. Correspondence to: R. D. Edwards     

动脉内留置导管药物持续灌注治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的 :评价动脉内留置导管持续灌注药物治疗股骨头缺血性坏死 (AvNFH)的疗效及优点。方法 :对 3 7例AvNFH患者 (病变股骨头 43个 ) ,采用Seldinger′s穿刺术以 5FCobra导管超选择性置导管于旋股内、外侧动脉及闭孔动脉造影 ,灌注药物后 ,留置导管 ,连续 3d再灌注溶栓药物。结果 :所有患者症状均得到缓解 ,疼痛缓解率为 96.6% ,关节功能改善率为 93 .0 %。对 3 7例患者随访 12个月。关节功能改善的总优良率为 83 .7%。介入治疗AvNFH的总有效率为 97.7%。治疗后定期复查 ,X线平片、CT、MRI显示坏死骨质均有不同程度的吸收、修复及新骨形成。结论 :动脉内留置导管持续灌注药物治疗AvNFH的方法可靠 ,近期疗效显著 ,能缩短治疗周期 ,是一种新的有价值的介入治疗方法。     

可回收下腔静脉滤器回收技巧和策略探讨

目的探讨疑难性可回收下腔静脉滤器的回收技巧和策略。方法 2010年1月—2013年6月收治采用常规圈套技术无法成功取出的下腔静脉滤器置入术后患者30例,采用导丝成袢法、胃镜活检钳辅助法及猪尾导管搅拌法行下腔静脉滤器取出术。结果成功回收下腔静脉滤器30例(100%)。导丝成袢法取出8例,胃镜活检钳辅助法取出12例,猪尾导管搅拌法取出10例。回收过程用时20⁹0 min,中位时间50.5 min。滤器在体内留置时间为1490 min,中位时间50.5 min。滤器在体内留置时间为14⁶0 d,中位数25.6 d。术后3 d内全部患者顺利出院。结论对于疑难性可回收下腔静脉滤器采用多种辅助性圈套技术可有效提高其回收率,有一定的临床应用价值。     

Decision support for tendon tissue engineering

The aim of this study is to provide decision support with artificial intelligence for tendon tissue engineering strategies. The experimental data of tissue-engineered tendons were integrated and standardized with a centralized database, and a decision support system was developed using both artificial neural networks and decision trees. The decision support system was trained with existing cases in the database, and then was used to generate tissue engineering schemes for new experimental animals. Following the schemes generated by the artificial intelligent system, we cured 28 of the 30 experimental animals. In conclusion, artificial intelligence is a powerful method for decision support in the tendon tissue engineering realm.     

重症监护病房导管相关性尿路感染的影响因素及对院内感染的影响

目的探究重症监护病房导管相关性尿路感染的影响因素及对院内感染的影响。方法选取2018年6月至2019年10月本院收治的1128例重症患者,根据其是否发生导管相关性尿路感染分为观察组(65例)和对照组(1063例)。应用单因素分析及logistic回归分析重症患者导管相关性尿路感染的相关危险因素。结果1128例重症患者出现导管相关性尿路感染65例,发生率为5.76%(65/1128)。65例导管相关性尿路感染患者共分离病原菌79株。病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占43.04%(34/79);其次为真菌和革兰阳性菌,分别占25.32%(20/79)和24.05%(19/79)。两组合并糖尿病、住院时间、侵入性操作、留置导尿管时间及24 h尿量比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组性别、年龄、体重指数(BMI)及合并高血压比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,合并糖尿病(OR=0.443,95%CI:0.228~0.860)、侵入性操作(OR=1.613,95%CI:1.163~2.104)、留置导尿管时间(OR=2.719,95%CI:2.314~4.106)、24 h尿量(OR=4.362,95%CI:1.974~10.915)是重症监护室患者发生导管相关性尿路感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论导管相关性尿路感染的危险因素包括合并糖尿病、侵入性操作、留置导尿管时间等。医务人员应采取相关措施以避免导管相关性尿路感染的发生,从而进一步减少医院感染。     

血液透析患者中心静脉导管发生相关血流感染危险因素的Meta分析

目的 通过Meta分析了解留置中心静脉导管的血液透析患者发生导管相关血流感染的危险因素。 方法 计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase数据库,检索时限为建库至2020年12月31日,使用RevMan 5.3进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入20篇文献,包括29项相关危险因素,有统计学意义的危险因素包括合并糖尿病（OR=2.55）、血清白蛋白<30 g/L（OR=2.35）、CD4+细胞<200个/μl（OR=3.02）、急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ≥20分（OR=2.41）、股静脉置管（OR=1.94）、导管留置时间≥14 d（OR=3.20）、使用带隧道带涤纶套导管（OR=2.83）。 结论 合并糖尿病、低血清白蛋白、CD4+细胞<200个/μl、急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ≥20分、股静脉置管、导管留置时间≥14 d、使用带隧道带涤纶套导管是留置中心静脉导管的血液透析患者易发生导管相关血流感染,护理人员应充分关注该类患者。