高危型人类乳头瘤病毒检测对不典型鳞状细胞分流监测的临床价值

目的评价高危型人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）检测对不典型鳞状上皮细胞（atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance，ASCUS）分流临测的临床价值。方法对654例宫颈细胞学检查结果为ASCUS的患者。进行高危型HPV检测和阴道镜检查，镜下定位活检可疑病灶．以病理学诊断作为金标准。结果654例中，高危型HPV检测呈阳性的病例为411例，阳性率为62.8％。经病理学确诊宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（CIN）病例为58例，占总数的8．9%（58／654），其中CIN Ⅱ和CIN Ⅲ共计43例．占CIN的74．1％（43／58）；CINⅡ，CINⅢ的高危型HPV阳性率分别为80．8％及94．1％。ASCUS患者中以高危型HPV检测、直接选择阴道镜检查，检出CIN的敏感度分别为88.9％和65．5%；对诊断CINⅡ和CINⅢ。高危型HPV的敏感度为94．1％，阴道镜的敏感度为65．1％。结论ASCUS患者中高危型HPV的CINⅡ和CINⅢ检出有较高的敏感度，对ASCUS可有效地进行分流监测，患者可不必再做阴道镜检查和活检。     

门头沟区宫颈癌筛查302例宫颈不典型鳞状上皮病变结果分析

目的：总结门头沟地区妇女宫颈癌筛查宫颈不典型鳞状上皮病变的发生率与年龄的关系,并分析阴道镜检查下的病理结果。方法回顾性分析35～59岁行宫颈癌筛查巴氏涂片结果ASCUS的妇女,在阴道镜定位下多点活检的组织病理学检查。结果302例宫颈细胞学诊断为ASCUS患者,45～49岁年龄组宫颈上皮内瘤变CINI～I I的发生率（25.53%）高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。40～44岁年龄组CINI～I I的发生率（16.67%）高于35～39组、50～54组、55～59组CINI～I I的发生率,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。302例ASCUS患者中,阴道镜诊断的≥LSIL 119例（39.40%）,阴道镜指导下组织活检,病理学诊断109例（36.09%）,病理学和阴道镜诊断阳性符合率为91.59%。结论40～49岁ASCUS患者直接做阴道镜引导下多点取活检,其他年龄组ASCUS患者阴道镜检查若未发现病变,6个月后复查细胞学检查;阴道镜检查以及阴道镜下取活检对ASCUS的处理具有较高的临床价值。     

高危型人乳头瘤病毒阴性/不典型鳞状细胞和低度鳞状上皮内病变患者的随访观察

目的分析高危型人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papillomavirus,HR-HPV)阴性的不典型鳞状细胞(atypical squamous cells undetermined significance,ASCUS)和低度鳞状上皮内病变(low squamous intraepithelial lesion,LSIL)患者的随访结果,探讨HR-HPV阴性的ASCUS和LSIL患者的合理处理方法。方法回顾性分析2010年1月1日至2012年12月31日期间,就诊于首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院妇科门诊,HR-HPV阴性、宫颈液基细胞学为ASCUS和LSIL的356例患者的病理资料,对HR-HPV阴性的ASCUS和LSIL经阴道镜及宫颈活检排除高级别病变的306例患者定期进行HR-HPV随访。HR-HPV检测采用杂交检测法2代(hybird capture-Ⅱ,HC-Ⅱ)。结果 HR-HPV阴性/ASCUS和LSIL患者宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial lesions,CIN)-Ⅲ及以上病变发病率分别为7.9%和9.1%。HR-HPV阳性/ASCUS和LSIL患者CIN-Ⅲ及以上病变发病率分别是22.9%和17.9%。HRHPV阳性的ASCUS和LSIL患者CIN-Ⅲ及以上病变发病率明显高于HR-HPV阴性患者,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000)。HRHPV阳性对ASCUS及LSIL患者宫颈高级别病变的阴性预测值分别为87.13%和84.42%。HR-HPV阴性/ASCUS和LSIL患者CIN-Ⅱ及以上病变检出率是14.3%。不同年龄段的HR-HPV阴性/ASCUS和LSIL的患者,宫颈高级别病变患者的发生率不同,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。30~39岁妇女宫颈高级别病变的发生率最高(18.2%)。结论 HR-HPV阴性的ASCUS和LSIL患者发生CIN-Ⅲ及以上病变分别是7.9%和9.1%,CIN-Ⅱ及以上病变达14.3%,30~39岁的HR-HPV阴性/ASCUS和LSIL患者宫颈高级别病变发生率达18%,建议对于HR-HPV阴性的ASCUS和LSIL患者应行阴道镜检查可疑病变部位活检。     

Diagnostic Algorithm to Reflect Regressive Changes of Human Papilloma Virus in Tissue Biopsies

Purpose

Landmark indicators have not yet to be developed to detect the regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We propose that quantitative viral load and indicative histological criteria can be used to differentiate between atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and a CIN of grade 1.

Materials and Methods

We collected 115 tissue biopsies from women who tested positive for the human papilloma virus (HPV). Nine morphological parameters including nuclear size, perinuclear halo, hyperchromasia, typical koilocyte (TK), abortive koilocyte (AK), bi-/multi-nucleation, keratohyaline granules, inflammation, and dyskeratosis were examined for each case. Correlation analyses, cumulative logistic regression, and binary logistic regression were used to determine optimal cut-off values of HPV copy numbers. The parameters TK, perinuclear halo, multi-nucleation, and nuclear size were significantly correlated quantitatively to HPV copy number.

Results

An HPV loading number of 58.9 and AK number of 20 were optimal to discriminate between negative and subtle findings in biopsies. An HPV loading number of 271.49 and AK of 20 were optimal for discriminating between equivocal changes and obvious koilocytosis.

Conclusion

We propose that a squamous epithelial lesion with AK of >20 and quantitative HPV copy number between 58.9-271.49 represents a new spectrum of subtle pathological findings, characterized by AK in ASCUS. This can be described as a distinct entity and called "regressing koilocytosis".     

Utility of P16 expression and Ki‐67 proliferation index in ASCUS and ASC‐H pap tests

Current cervical screening uses a combination of cytology and high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) analysis in cases of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high‐grade intraepithelial lesion (ASC‐H). These diagnoses are subject to interobserver variability and HR‐HPV analysis can be limited by sampling inadequacy. This study correlates immunoexpression of P16 and Ki‐67 in residual cervicovaginal material against cytology category and HR‐HPV status. Eighteen pap tests were selected: 8 ASCUS, 4 ASC‐H, and 6 controls (2 LSIL and 4 HSIL). Digene Hybrid Capture II test was used to detect HR‐HPV. The cytospins were stained for P16/Ki‐67. Pap tests, P16, Ki‐67, HR‐HPV result and available biopsies were correlated. P16 expression correlated with HR‐HPV status in 15/17 cases. Discordant cases (1 ASCUS and 1 ASC‐H) were +P16/–HR‐HPV. Ki‐67 correlated with HR‐HPV in 8/15 cases. Discordant cases were +HR‐HPV/– Ki‐67 (HSIL, LSIL, and ASC‐H one each), and –HR‐HPV/+Ki‐67 (3 ASCUS, 1 LSIL, 1 ASC‐H). Two cases were + P16/+ Ki‐67/– HR‐HPV. None were ‐ P16/– Ki‐67/+ HR‐HPV. Histologic follow‐up in 13 cases varied from benign to CIN III. Two cases of +P16/ – Ki‐67/– HR‐HPV had benign cervical biopcies. Although a small sample size, our findings show a utility for adjunct P16/ Ki‐67 in addition to HR‐HPV testing in cases of squamous atypia when HR‐HPVs are non‐detected due to low DNA copies, or missed lesions in cervical biopsies. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42:576–581. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The role of human papillomavirus in screening for cervical cancer

PURPOSE: To review the options for effectively screening for cervical cancer, including human papilloma virus (HPV) identification, cytologic screening, colposcopy, or a combination approach. Current pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, treatment approaches, and patient preparation and education related to cervical cancer screening and prevention are also included. DATA SOURCES: Comprehensive review of current literature, including research and review articles. CONCLUSION: Because the Papanicolau (Pap) smear is a screening tool, not a diagnostic tool, further studies must be done to identify the actual nature of discovered abnormalities. Of particular concern is the classification of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), which may simply indicate inflammation, or may be the first indicator of serious pathology. Following ASCUS Pap smears with HPV screening will allow for a clarification of the best approach to treatment. A screening algorithm supported by a review of the literature is proposed. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Cervical cancer is a preventable disease caused by certain forms of HPV. Current screening protocols are based on the use of the Pap smear; and in areas where this test is routine and available, morbidity and mortality rates have dropped dramatically. Many women throughout the world and in underserved regions of the U. S. do not have adequate access to routine screening with Pap smear technology. As long as women continue to die needlessly of cervical cancer, more comprehensive and accessible screening methods must be explored. (Cutting the unnecessary worldwide and in the U. S.).     

液基薄层细胞学ASCUS发生宫颈高级别上皮内病变的高危因素分析

目的:探讨宫颈细胞学不能明确意义的非典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)发生宫颈高级别上皮内病变(HSIL)及以上的高危因素.方法:选取2018年7月至2019年11月就诊于郑州大学人民医院妇科的1074例患者,患者宫颈液基细胞学为ASCUS、高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)阳性,且均行阴道镜检查+宫颈活检术,统计分析患者的临床资料...     

ASCUS在子宫颈病变诊断中的应用研究

目的评价ASCUS在子宫颈病变中的临床应用价值。方法对370例宫颈液基薄层细胞学检查为ASCUS的患者进行阴道镜检查及组织活检，将结果进行对比研究。结果370例ASCUS患者中包含各级宫颈病变，宫颈活检病理为CIN以上有49例（占13．2％），其中CINⅠ级22例（占5．9％），CINⅡ级15例（占3．8％），CINⅢ级7例（占1．9％），5例为宫颈癌（占1．4％）。结论对ASCUS患者应进行阴道镜检查，必要时行宫颈活检，以便能及时发现宫颈病变。     

235例宫颈细胞学ASCUS诊断的临床意义

目的探讨性质未定的不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)的临床意义。方法对3856例患者行宫颈液基细胞学检查(LCT),其中235例被诊断为ASCUS。采用杂交捕获法(HC2)检测13种高危型HPV—DNA,通过阴道镜,对可疑病灶行多点活检。结果HPV-DNA阳性患者108例(46．0％),其中CIN阳性66例(61．0％);HPV-DNA阴性患者127例(54．0％),其中CIN阳性15例(12．0％)。HPV-DNA阴性对高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)阴性预测值98．0％。结论对ASCUS患者应行HPV检测和阴道镜下活检,进一步明确诊断。HPV—DNA高危型检查更具预测价值。