去势雄兔干眼病模型角膜上皮细胞凋亡及相关基因表达的研究

目的　探讨去势雄兔干眼病模型角膜上皮细胞凋亡及相关基因表达与组织损伤的关系。方法　制作 6只去势雄兔干眼病模型 ,采用原位末端标记及免疫组织化学方法 ,对模型兔及 6只对照兔角膜上皮细胞中的凋亡细胞及Fas、FasL、Bax和bcl 2等相关基因蛋白的表达进行检测。结果　干眼病模型兔角膜上皮细胞凋亡数为 ( 5 2 3± 2 67)个 /高倍视野 ;对照兔为 ( 0 5 8± 0 13 )个 /高倍视野 (P <0 0 1)。模型兔角膜上皮细胞中 ,Fas、FasL及Bax阳性表达的细胞数均明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,与凋亡细胞数呈正相关 (r=0 78,0 82 ,0 76,P <0 0 5 ) ;bcl 2阳性表达的细胞数明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,与凋亡细胞数呈负相关 (r =-0 72 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　去势雄兔角膜组织中上皮细胞凋亡可能是导致角膜变薄、干燥 ,进而功能丧失的原因之一 ;Fas、FasL及Bax的增加及bcl 2的减少均与促进细胞凋亡有关。     

沙参麦冬汤加减方联合针刺治疗LASIK术后干眼症的疗效观察

目的?观察沙参麦冬汤加减联合针刺治疗准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）术后阴津不足型干眼症临床疗效。方法?依据纳入和排除标准纳入有效病例60例120眼LASIK手术3月后确诊为干眼的患者,随机分为2组,各30例60只眼,对照组单纯使用人工泪液滴眼,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加服沙参麦冬汤加减方及针刺,15?d为1个疗程,2个疗程后观察角膜荧光素染色情况（FL）情况、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、泪液分泌试验（SIt）、裸眼视力及干眼自觉症状的改善情况。结果?2组治疗后第15天2组BUT、FL进行比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组SIt情况比较,治疗组优于对照组（P<0.05）。2组治疗后第30天SIt、BUT、FL、裸眼视力及自觉症状的改善治疗组均优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗组与对照组疗程结束时症状明显改善,总有效率分别为96.8%和86.7%,有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论?中药配合针刺能有效改善LASIK术后干眼症患者的症状和体征,对治疗LASIK术后干眼症有一定优势。      

儿童轻度过敏性结膜炎中干眼的研究及治疗

目的〖KG*2〗探讨儿童轻度过敏性结膜炎中干眼发生的原理及不同方案疗效,为过敏性结膜炎的治疗提供指导依据。 〖HTH〗方法〖KG*2〗回顾性分析4～10岁轻度过敏性结膜炎患儿（观察组）101例及健康儿童（对照组）100例。过敏性结膜炎患儿检测过敏原。比较2组泪膜破裂时间(tear film breakup time,BUT)、角膜荧光素染色（fluorescein,FL）评分、泪河高度（tear meniscus height,TMH）,分析BUT、FL评分、TMH与病程的相关性。观察组根据治疗方案中是否有人工泪液分为A组42例和B组59例,比较A、B组治疗前后BUT、FL评分、TMH。 〖HTH〗结果〖KG*2〗观察组BUT短于对照组;FL评分高于对照组（P＜0.01）;2组TMH差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05）。观察组过敏性结膜炎BUT与病程呈负相关（r=-0.439,P＜0.01）,FL评分与病程呈正相关（r=0.396,P＜0.01）,TMH与病程无相关性（r=0.043,P＞0.05）。治疗后,A、B组BUT长于治疗前,FL评分低于治疗前,A组TMH高于治疗前;A组BUT长于B组,FL评分低于B组,TMH高于B组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 〖HTH〗结论〖KG*2〗儿童过敏性结膜炎通过降低双眼泪膜稳定性,破坏角膜上皮完整性,造成干眼症状,而对泪液分泌无显著影响。病程越长泪膜稳定性越低,角膜上皮破坏越严重。联合人工泪液治疗过敏性结膜炎效果更佳。     

玻璃酸钠与抗炎药联用治疗沙眼性干眼症的疗效

目的 观察沙眼性干眼症应用玻璃酸钠+抗炎药物联合治疗的临床效果。方法 抽取延长县中医 医院2020年1月-2021年7月收治的76例沙眼性干眼症患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组与 研究组,各38例。对照组接受玻璃酸钠治疗,研究组接受玻璃酸钠+抗炎药物治疗,比较两组患者治疗效 果、泪液分泌状况、泪膜破裂时间、角膜地形图参数。结果 研究组治疗总有效率为92.11%,高于对照组 的76.32%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;研究组治疗后SchirmerⅠ试验结果、BUT均高于对照组,差异 有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;研究组SRI、SAI均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 玻璃酸 钠+抗炎药物联合治疗沙眼性干眼症患者具有积极意义,能有效改善眼部干涩症状,延缓泪腺分泌状况, 临床效果确切,具有推广价值。     

润肝明目汤治疗干眼症的临床观察

目的:观察润肝明目汤对干眼症的临床疗效。方法:运用润肝明目汤对干眼症患者45例90只眼进行治疗,观察治疗前后干眼症的阳性病史和自觉症状、泪液分泌试验(schimentest)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素钠染色的改变。结果:总有效率86.67%。结论:润肝明目汤对干眼症的治疗有一定疗效。     

Nutritional status of mauritanian children during a drought emergency

Nutritional surveys were conducted in three regions of Mauritania between September and November, 1983, to assess the impact of a severe drought and to determine priorities for relief assistance. Survey sites and children were chosen at random using established Centers for Disease Control survey methodology. A total of 1,498 children between the ages of 6 months and 5 years were weighed, measured and examined for xerophthalmia and scurvy. Information on age, sex, diarrhea, measles immunization, diet and food aid was collected for each child. Levels of acute malnutrition (< 80 % of median weight‐for‐height) ranged from 8.2 to 17.2% in the 3 regions, and both xerophthalmia and scurvy were seen. The children between 1 to 3 years of age had the highest levels of malnutrition. Food aid deliveries were irregular and inadequate in the two regions with the highest rates of malnutrition. Implications for targeting and choice of relief efforts are discussed.     

加味沙参麦冬汤联合眼针治疗干眼症临床观察

目的观察加味沙参麦冬汤联合眼针治疗干眼症的疗效。方法将60例门诊干眼症患者随机分为加味沙参麦冬汤联合眼针治疗组和人工泪液对照组,观察2组患者治疗前后的中西医临床总疗效、视力、泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间和角膜荧光染色。结果治疗组的中医证候疗效、泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间和角膜荧光染色结果,与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论加味沙参麦冬汤联合眼针治疗干眼症安全性较好,有一定疗效。     

Vitamin A deficiency in a Kenyan prison

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and causes of vitamin A deficiency disorders (VADD) in adult male prisoners in Nakuru, Kenya. METHODS: A total of 1048 male prisoners aged > or =16 years in Nakuru Government of Kenya prison in Nakuru, Kenya were examined by an ophthalmologist for signs of xerophthalmia. Two hundred and forty-one cases with xerophthalmia and 448 controls randomly selected from the remaining prison population were interviewed about risk factors for xerophthalmia and blood samples were taken to measure serum retinol and haemoglobin. RESULTS: 23.6% (95% CI = 21.1-26.3%) of examined inmates showed at least one sign of xerophthalmia, mostly night blindness (98.8% of cases). In the case-control study, the age-adjusted analyses showed that xerophthalmia was associated with age, length of imprisonment and previous imprisonment. Men with xerophthalmia were significantly more likely be in poor health characterised by significant illness, recent hospital admission, persistent cough, diarrhoea, fever or chronic illness. After multivariate adjustment, duration of imprisonment remained strongly associated with xerophthalmia (OR comparing >4 years with <6 months = 20.1, 95% CI = 8.3-48.8). Previous imprisonment, fever, diarrhoea, hospital admission and chronic illness were also significant predictors. Serum retinol levels were significantly lower in cases than controls, while there was no difference in haemoglobin levels. CONCLUSION: Vitamin A deficiency was a significant public health problem among these Kenyan male prisoners, indicating that it may be important in vulnerable groups other than young children and pregnant or lactating women.     

玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合重组人表皮生长因子滴眼液雾化治疗干眼症的成本效果分析

目的评价玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合重组人表皮生长因子滴眼液雾化治疗干眼症的临床治疗效果和经济性,为临床提供有效、安全、经济的干眼症治疗方案。方法收集天津市眼科医院2020年1月—2020年12月符合本研究制定的纳入标准的124例中、重度干眼症病例,将其分为2组:对照组接受玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合重组人表皮生长因子滴眼液局部点眼治疗,治疗组接受玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合重组人表皮生长因子滴眼液局部点眼治疗的同时,加以雾化治疗。以愈显率为疗效评价指标,并运用成本-效果法对两种不同的治疗方案进行经济学评价。结果纳入对照组和治疗组的有效病例各62例。两组愈显率分别为56.45%、95.16%,有显著性差异(P0.05)。采用成本-效果分析可得,以对照组为基准,增量成本效果比为7.29,治疗组每获得1%总有效率,需多支付7.29元,远低于意愿支付阈值(两种治疗方案平均总成本为276.83元),提示治疗组的成本-效果性更佳。敏感性分析显示两组的成本效果相对于药品价格及治疗费用波动稳定。结论玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合重组人表皮生长因子滴眼液雾化治疗,能够显著提高临床疗效,具有药物经济学优势。