Curcuma longa extract as a histological dye for collagen fibres and red blood cells

Crude ethanolic extract and column chromatographic fractions of the Allepey cultivar of Curcuma longa Roxb, commonly called turmeric (tumeric) in commerce, were used as a stain for tissue sections. Staining was carried out under basic, acidic and neutral media conditions. Inorganic and organic dissolution solvents were used. The stain was used as a counterstain after alum and iron haematoxylins. C. longa stained collagen fibres, cytoplasm, red blood cells and muscle cells yellow. It also stained in a fashion similar to eosin, except for its intense yellow colour. Preliminary phytochemical evaluation of the active column fraction revealed that it contained flavonoids, free anthraquinone and deoxy sugar. A cheap, natural dye can thus be obtained from C. longa.     

清胰汤和姜黄素调整肠道微生态对重症急性胰腺炎的治疗机制

摘要： 目的 探讨清胰汤和姜黄素调整肠道微生态治疗重症急性胰腺炎 （SAP） 的机制。方法 40只SPF级健康 Wistar大鼠, 按照随机数字法分为4组, 对照组、 模型组、 清胰汤组、 姜黄素组, 每组10只。通过注射牛磺胆酸钠 （Na- Fc）, 诱发大鼠形成SAP模型, 建模前清胰汤组、 姜黄素组分别用相应中药汤剂灌胃1周。采用苏木素-伊红 （HE） 染色法观察结肠和胰腺组织病理变化, 收集大鼠盲肠段粪便, 16S rDNA测序技术分析4组大鼠肠道微生物菌群的变化。结果 病理结果显示, 模型组肠组织表现为肠壁水肿, 肠黏膜上皮缺损、 脱落等, 上皮下间质空隙变宽, 大量的中性粒细胞 （PMN） 等炎性细胞浸润等; 胰腺组织表现为胰腺腺泡水肿、 坏死, 叶间隔增宽, 大量的PMN等炎性细胞浸润等, 而中药清胰汤和姜黄素组可减轻模型组中的胰腺损伤和肠黏膜受损程度 （P＜0.05）。肠道菌群微生态结果显示清胰汤或 （和） 姜黄素组可有效降低SAP大鼠厚壁菌门 （包括梭菌纲、 芽孢杆菌纲）、 毛螺菌属数量菌群含量, 升高拟杆菌门 （包括拟杆菌纲、 拟杆菌属） 和乳酸杆菌属含量。结论 中药清胰汤和姜黄素可增加SAP大鼠的肠道菌群的多样性和丰富性, 调控微生物生态平衡, 增加益生菌群的含量, 降低有害菌群的定植能力, 从而达到对肠道的保护作用。     

莪术油对卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用及其联合顺铂的协同作用研究

目的 探讨莪术油对卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用,并探讨其与顺铂联合的协同作用。方法 建立卵巢癌细胞株HO-8910PM荷瘤裸鼠模型,随机分为模型对照组、莪术油组、顺铂组和联合给药组（莪术油+顺铂）4组,每组6只,分别腹腔注射莪术油（300 mg·kg^-1）、顺铂（2 mg·kg^-1）、莪术油联合顺铂（300 mg·kg^-1+2 mg·kg^-1）以及空白对照液（0.4 mL生理盐水）,给药3周后处死小鼠并测瘤体积变化,计算肿瘤生长抑制率,免疫组化检测各组肿瘤组织中NM23、TNF-α、VEGF、NF-KBP65、PCNA的蛋白表达。ELISA检测裸鼠血清中IL-2、IFN-γ水平。结果 与模型对照组比较,莪术油、顺铂及其联合给药后均能显著抑制裸鼠肿瘤体积的增长（P<0.05或P<0.01）,且联合给药的抑瘤率（55.06%）要高于莪术油（20.5%）和顺铂（52.52%）单独给药。免疫组化检测结果显示各组药物治疗后,能显著降低裸鼠肿瘤组织中NM23、TNF-α、VEGF、NF-KBP65、PCNA的阳性表达（P<0.05或P<0.01）,且降低程度从低到高依次为莪术油组、顺铂组、联合给药组。ELISA检测结果也表明顺铂以及莪术油联合顺铂给药3周后能显著提高裸鼠血清IL-2、IFN-γ水平（P<0.01）,且含量上升程度由低到高依次为莪术油组、顺铂组、联合给药组。结论 莪术油能够抑制卵巢癌荷瘤裸鼠移植瘤的增长,具有一定的抗肿瘤效果,其机制可能与调节肿瘤生长因子NM23、TNF-α、VEGF、NF-KBP65、PCNA及免疫相关因子IL-2、IFN-γ的表达有关。莪术油联合顺铂用药对卵巢癌肿瘤的抑制具有潜在的协同作用,但还需更深入实验研究。     

The effects of curcumin supplementation on body mass index,body weight,and waist circumference in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver‐related morbidity; its prevalence is elevating due to the rising epidemic of obesity. Several clinical trials have examined the effects of curcumin supplementation on anthropometric variables in NAFLD patients with inconclusive results. This dose–response meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of curcumin supplementation on body mass index (BMI), body weight, and waist circumference (WC) in patients with NAFLD. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Sid.ir, and Magiran.com to identify eligible studies up to March 2019. A meta‐analysis of eligible studies was performed using the random‐effects model to estimate the pooled effect size. Eight randomized controlled trials with 520 participants (curcumin group = 265 and placebo group = 255) were included. Supplementation dose and duration ranged from 70 to 3,000 mg/day and 8 to 12 weeks, respectively. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduced BMI (weighted mean difference [WMD] = ?0.34 kg/m², 95% CI [?0.64, ?0.04], p < .05) and WC (WMD = ?2.12 cm, 95% CI [?3.26, ?0.98], p < .001). However, no significant effects of curcumin supplementation on body weight were found. These results suggest that curcumin supplementation might have a positive effect on visceral fat and abdominal obesity that have been associated with NAFLD.     

鲜姜黄挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

目的:分析广西产鲜姜黄挥发油的化学成分,为其利用提供科学依据。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取鲜姜黄挥发油,用GC毛细管柱进行分析,归一化法测定其相对含量,并用GC-MS法鉴定化学成分。结果:检出48个色谱峰,鉴定出48个化合物,占总挥发油的100%。结论:广西产鲜姜黄油的的主要成分是姜烯(16.25%),1,8-桉叶油素(13.52%),芳-姜黄酮(13.55%),姜黄酮(11.19%),β-倍半水芹烯(10.08%),表-α-绿叶烯(6.26%),芳-姜黄烯(5.43%),大根香叶酮(5.02%),γ-松油烯(2.38%),红没药醇(3.59%)。     

莪术油和无水乙醇双介入治疗中晚期肝癌

目的:观察莪术油经肝动脉栓塞加无水乙醇瘤体注射治疗原发性肝癌的疗效。方法:将75例患者分为双介入组(莪术油肝动脉栓塞配合经皮无水乙醇注射疗法)、莪术油组、无水乙醇组,分别采用相应的方法治疗,观察治疗后肿瘤的病灶变化、AFP、肝功能、生存时间及毒副反应。结果:双介入组在近期疗效、生存期及毒副反应等方面优于莪术油介入组和无水乙醇介入组。结论:莪术油经肝动脉栓塞加无水乙醇瘤体注射治疗原发性肝癌的疗效显著,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

Curcumin-Rich Curry Consumption and Neurocognitive Function from 4.5-Year Follow-Up of Community-Dwelling Older Adults (Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study)

The potential neurocognition protective effects of dietary curcumin in curry consumed with food was investigated in this study of 2734 community-dwelling adults (aged ≥ 55, mean ± SD: 65.9 ± 7.4). We analyzed longitudinal data of baseline curry consumption (“never or rarely”, “occasionally”: <once a month, “often”: >once a month and <once a week, “very often”: >once a week or daily) and baseline and 4.5-year follow-up cognitive function in mixed model analyses controlling for confounding risk factors. Significant between-exposure differences were found for Digit Span-Backward (DS-B), Verbal Fluency-Animals (VF-A) and Block Design (BD). Compared to “never or rarely” consumption, “very often” and “often” consumptions were associated with higher DS-B performance; “very often”—with higher VF-A, and “occasional”, “often” and “very often” consumptions—with higher BD: Cohen’s d: from 0.130 to 0.186. Among participants with cardiometabolic and cardiac diseases (CMVD), curry consumption was associated with significantly higher DS-B and VF-A. Among CMVD-free participants, curry consumption was associated with significantly higher DS-B, VF-A and BD: Cohen’s d: from 0.098 to 0.305. The consumption of dietary curcumin was associated with the maintenance over time of higher functioning on attention, short-term working memory, visual spatial constructional ability, language and executive function among community-dwelling older Asian adults.     

Increase in Plasma Concentrations of Geranylgeranoic Acid after Turmeric Tablet Intake by Healthy Volunteers

Geranylgeranoic acid (GGA) is one of the most potent cancer-preventive acyclic retinoids. GGA has been shown to induce cell death in human hepatoma-derived HuH-7 cells. We have recently reported the natural occurrence of GGA and its related compounds in several medicinal herbs such as turmeric, basil, rosehip, cinnamon and others [Shidoji and Ogawa, J. Lipid Res., 45: 1092–1103, 2004]. In the present study, we performed oral administration of turmeric tablets to healthy volunteers in order to investigate bioavailability of natural GGA. By using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, authentic GGA was eluted at a retention time of around 18 min as a negative ion of m/z 303.4. With healthy volunteers, plasma GGA was detected prior to the tablet intake and its concentrations were increased at 2 h after its intake and maintained at higher level until 4 h, suggesting an efficient bioavailability of preformed GGA in the turmeric tablets through oral administration. These results indicated that GGA in the turmeric tablet was absorbed as an intact form from intestinal mucosa. The present study provides a clue to conduct a research for cancer preventive roles of GGA in a number of spices.     

冷冻干燥法制备莪术油脂质体

采用叔丁醇-水共溶剂、冷冻干燥法制备莪术油脂质体,用单因素试验优化处方,并进行体外释放试验。结果表明,莪术油脂质体呈球形,包封率为(92.2±3.4)%,平均粒径为(457.3±7.8)nm,ζ电位为-23.6mV,体外48h累积释放率为94.1%。