双功能混合催化剂上含氮合成气直接制取二甲醚的宏观动力学

在温度220～260°C,压力5MPa,转筐转速2600r/min,空速1000～2000mL/(g·h)条件下,建立了工业级双功能混合催化剂上含氮合成气直接制二甲醚的宏观动力学模型,并获得了模型参数。统计检验和残差分析表明模型可靠。根据获得的宏观动力学及本征动力学的模拟计算,比较了两模型下温度及含氮量对反应的影响。由于含氮量影响反应组分的分压,进而影响CO的转化率,还通过影响反应组分在催化剂颗粒内的内扩散来影响产物的选择性,但总的结果是内扩散的存在减弱了催化剂的协同效应。     

Synergic in-vitro activity of imipenem and sulbactam against Acinetobacter baumannii

The interaction between sulbactam and imipenem was evaluated with four clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, including two isolates resistant to imipenem, one of which produced IMP-1 metallo-beta-lactamase. Two isolates (one of which was imipenem-resistant) were sulbactam-resistant by undefined mechanisms. MICs were determined by standard broth microdilution methods. Time-kill assays with imipenem and sulbactam, alone or in combination at 0.5 x MIC and 1 x MIC, showed a synergic effect in all four isolates of A. baumannii after incubation for 0, 4, 8 and > 24 h at 35 degrees C.     

Dietary Interventions with Polyphenols in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review Directed from the Preclinical Data to Randomized Clinical Studies

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a major cause of limited functionality and thus a decrease in the quality of life of the inflicted. Given the fact that the existing pharmacological treatments lack disease-modifying properties and their use entails significant side effects, nutraceuticals with bioactive compounds constitute an interesting field of research. Polyphenols are plant-derived molecules with established anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that have been extensively evaluated in clinical settings and preclinical models in OA. As more knowledge is gained in the research field, an interesting approach in the management of OA is the additive and/or synergistic effects that polyphenols may have in an optimized supplement. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize the recent literature regarding the use of combined polyphenols in the management of OA. For that purpose, a PubMed literature survey was conducted with a focus on some preclinical osteoarthritis models and randomized clinical trials on patients with osteoarthritis from 2018 to 2021 which have evaluated the effect of combinations of polyphenol-rich extracts and purified polyphenol constituents. Data indicate that combined polyphenols may be promising for the treatment of osteoarthritis in the future, but more clinical trials with novel approaches in the identification of the in-between relationship of such constituents are needed.     

Synergistic antinociceptive interaction between acetaminophen or metamizol and B vitamins in the formalin test

There is evidence that B vitamins produce antinociception in animals. However, potentiation of NSAID‐induced antinociception by B vitamins is unclear. The current study was designed to investigate the antinociceptive interaction between a mixture of B vitamins and either acetaminophen or metamizol. Acetaminophen (56–316 mg/kg), metamizol (32–178 mg/kg), and the mixture of B vitamins (32–178 mg/kg of thiamine, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin in a 100:100:1 proportion, respectively) or a combination of each drug with the B vitamins mixture was administered orally to female Wistar rats, and the antinociceptive effect determined in the formalin test. Isobolographic analyses were used to define the nature of the interaction between NSAIDs and B vitamins. Oral administration of either drug produced a dose‐related antinociceptive effect. Isobolographic analyses revealed that both acetaminophen or metamizol and the B vitamins mixture interacted synergistically in the formalin test, suggesting that these two combinations could be useful in treating inflammatory pain states. Drug Dev. Res. 66:286–294, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

扶正消瘤液对肿瘤化疗增敏作用的临床研究

观察中药复方在肿瘤化疗增敏方面的作用。将 6 9例晚期肿瘤患者随机分为治疗组和对照组 ,治疗组用中药复方扶正消瘤液配合化疗进行临床治疗 ,并与单纯化疗组进行对照。两组化疗方法相同。结果 ,治疗组有效率为 31.5 8% ,对照组有效率为 2 2 .5 8% ,统计学处理差异明显 (P<0 .0 5 )。治疗组治疗前后 TL c TR、NKc A、s IL-2 R及对照组治疗后相比均有显著性差异。结论 ,中药复方扶正消瘤液对晚期肿瘤化疗有一定的增敏作用。     

补肝软坚汤抗癌增效作用的临床观察

２４０例原发性肝癌随机分为中药组、中药加化疗组、化疗组，中药组用补肝软坚汤治疗。化疗组用肝动脉导管化疗。结果中药组宾期缓解率为７．５％，中药加化疗组近期缓解率为２２．５％，化疗组近期缓解率为１２．５，提示补肝软坚汤治疗原发性肝癌具有一定疗效，若与化疗合用则有增效作用。     

一院多区护理区域协同与同质化管理模式

部队体制编制调整改革后,新组建医院呈现多城多区1+X模式,各院区间在资源配置、管理模式、职能任务和医疗水平上等参差不齐。医院借助信息化手段,协同院区间的优质资源,围绕同质化管理,标准化建设,规范化运行、差异化发展四个方面,统一组织管理架构和质量标准体系,建立人才培养长效机制。深度融合缩小区域间的差异,实现弹性调配资源共享,提升官兵不同院区间的就诊品质,有效促进一院多区护理工作的协同发展。     

雷公藤减毒研究进展

雷公藤为治疗类风湿性关节炎常用中药,具有清热解毒,祛风除湿,消肿止痛,杀虫止痒的功用,现代药理研究表明其具有抗炎、镇痛、抗肿瘤及免疫调节等作用,临床主要用于治疗免疫性疾病、肾脏性疾病、皮肤性疾病等,对类风湿性关节炎的疗效尤为显著。但严重的毒副作用,尤其是肝肾毒性,限制了其临床应用,成为迫切需要解决的难题,故雷公藤的减毒研究成为近年来的研究热点。本课题组主要研究雷公藤的经皮给药对其减毒增效的作用,但目前雷公藤的应用困境仍然没有得到改善,故对2006年至2016年近10年来雷公藤减毒研究的相关文献进行检索,包括传统的炮制减毒、配伍减毒和现代的制剂减毒、结构修饰减毒、生物技术减毒以及其相互的联合应用等,分析雷公藤的减毒现状和困境,对比现存减毒方式间的差异,为雷公藤减毒增效研究提供思路,促进其合理开发和临床安全应用,也为其他有毒中药的合理应用提供参考。     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯联合曲妥珠单抗对HER2过表达乳腺癌细胞增殖的影响及其机制

目的 研究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）联合曲妥珠单抗对人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)过表达乳腺癌细胞增殖的影响及其作用机制。方法 表达纯化曲妥珠单抗;用CCK-8细胞增殖检测试剂盒（CCK8）检测不同浓度EGCG、曲妥珠单抗及两药联用对HER2过表达乳腺癌细胞BT474、SK-BR-3的增殖抑制作用;用Western blot法检测EGCG、曲妥珠单抗及两药联用对BT474乳腺癌细胞中HER2,表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）,丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶（MAPK）和蛋白激酶B(Akt)及它们的磷酸化蛋白的表达水平的影响。结果 细胞增殖试验结果显示,EGCG、曲妥珠单抗以及二者联用均能有效抑制BT474和SK-BR-3细胞的增殖,且在一定浓度范围内,EGCG与曲妥珠单抗联用显示出协同增殖抑制作用。Western blot结果显示EGCG、曲妥珠单抗以及二者联合均能抑制BT474细胞中Akt,MAPK,EGFR,HER2的磷酸化蛋白表达,与单药相比,二者联合抑制作用显著增强,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 EGCG联合曲妥珠单抗能协同抑制HER2过表达乳腺癌细胞的增殖,...     

肿瘤联合免疫治疗研究进展

免疫检查点是免疫系统中抑制性的信号通路,通过与共刺激分子保持平衡,维持对自身组织的耐受,避免自身免疫反应。肿瘤的发生伴随着共抑制分子与相关配体的上调,引起T细胞功能衰退或耗竭,从而发生肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸。针对抑制性受体与配体开发单抗药物,调节T细胞活性提高抗肿瘤免疫反应,已经取得较好的临床效果。对免疫调节信号通路采取联合治疗也体现出一定的协同作用。本文对肿瘤联合免疫治疗方案与协同作用评价进行综述,并对联合免疫治疗的可行性及免疫方案的选择进行展望。