抗衰老药物家蚕寿命测定法的研究

本实验表明，多种中药材，如香附子、花粉、党参、菟丝子、蛇床子等的提取液涂在桑叶上喂蚕，能显著延长蚕蛾寿命，但对家蚕幼虫龄期无明显影响。这种实验方法重演性好，如能进一步完善试验方法，将可用于筛选抗衰老药物的研究。     

家蚕的抗氟性及其与数量性状的相关研究

测定家蚕幼虫抗氟中毒的抵抗能力,4龄>3龄>2龄。强抗原种杂变组成的杂种一代,抗性介于两亲之间,弱抗原种杂交组成的杂种一代,其抗性表现出超亲的遗传现象,不同浓度的氟素对品种间的生长发育影响有着显著的差异,说明了品种间的抗氟能力存在着差别;抗氟性与DNV抗性有着显著的相关性;与茧质性状表现为不显著的正相关,抗氟性与蚕血中Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)含量无明显的相关关系。     

僵蚕抗实验性静脉血栓及作用机理的研究

目的：为研究僵蚕抗实验性血栓的作用。方法：用Beyers制作静脉血栓动物模型进行观察,结果：表明静脉注射僵蚕液后,模型动物的血栓重量明显减轻（P＜0．01）,纤溶酶原含量,纤维蛋白原含量,优球蛋白溶解时间明确减少（P＜0．05）,同时激活部分凝血活酶时间（KPTT）,凝血酶原时间（PT）,凝血酶时间（TT）均有明显延长（P＜0．01）,结论：说明僵蚕具有促纤溶活性,对凝血酶－纤维蛋白原反应的直接抑制作用为防止血栓形成的主要因素。     

GC-MS分析蚕蛹油中脂肪酸的成分

 目的：化学法提取的蚕蛹油经甲酯化后，分析其脂肪酸的成分。方法：用气相色谱 质谱(GC-MS)技术及图谱检索，对蚕蛹油中脂肪酸的成分进行鉴定和分析。结果：蚕蛹油中含9种脂肪酸，其中不饱和脂肪酸占79.88%，α-亚麻酸的相对含量高达71.4%。结论：α-亚麻酸具有降血脂、降血压和抗癌等生物功能，本研究为α-亚麻酸的应用提供了重要的依据。     

Advanced silk material spun by a transgenic silkworm promotes cell proliferation for biomedical application

Natural silk fiber spun by the silkworm Bombyx mori is widely used not only for textile materials, but also for biofunctional materials. In the present study, we genetically engineered an advanced silk material, named hSFSV, using a transgenic silkworm, in which the recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (hFGF1) protein was specifically synthesized in the middle silk gland and secreted into the sericin layer to surround the silk fiber using our previously optimized sericin1 expression system. The content of the recombinant hFGF1 in the hSFSV silk was estimated to be approximate 0.07% of the cocoon shell weight. The mechanical properties of hSFSV raw silk fiber were enhanced slightly compared to those of the wild-type raw silk fiber, probably due to the presence of the recombinant of hFGF1 in the sericin layer. Remarkably, the hSFSV raw silk significantly stimulated the cell growth and proliferation of NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, suggesting that the mitogenic activity of recombinant hFGF1 was well maintained and functioned in the sericin layer of hSFSV raw silk. These results show that the genetically engineered raw silk hSFSV could be used directly as a fine biomedical material for mass application. In addition, the strategy whereby functional recombinant proteins are expressed in the sericin layer of silk might be used to create more genetically engineered silks with various biofunctions and applications.     

传统中药蝉花的活体家蚕人工培养

目的:为实现蝉花的家蚕活体人工培养,为蝉花的培养开辟一条新的思路.方法:采集分离自我国8个自然保护区及韩国济洲岛的共20株蝉拟青霉菌株,采用浸渍法感染家蚕五龄期幼虫及蚕蛹,观察它们对家蚕的感染及产生孢梗束的情况.结果与结论:20株蝉拟青霉对家蚕幼虫和蚕蛹都有不同程度的感染,感染后期部分菌株能产生孢梗束.从感染率和产生孢梗束情况来看,蚕蛹效果比幼虫更好.     

蚕蛹油中α-亚麻酸的尿素包合法纯化与含量测定

目的纯化蚕蛹油中α-亚麻酸并建立含量测定方法。方法采用尿素包合法富集α-亚麻酸并用均匀设计法优化筛选其最佳工艺条件,气相色谱法测定蚕蛹油中α-亚麻酸的含量。结果尿素包合后,蚕蛹油中α-亚麻酸的含量由35.2%提高到74.7%;α-亚麻酸浓度在0.125~4.000 mg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为99.8%。结论尿素包合法能有效提高蚕蛹油中α-亚麻酸含量;气相色谱法用于测定蚕蛹油中α-亚麻酸的含量,方法简便、准确、可靠,可用于α-亚麻酸及其制剂的质量控制。     

Molecular diversity and phylogenetic analysis of mariner-like transposons in the genome of the silkworm Bombyx mori

Genome-wide screening of mariner-like elements (MLEs) in the silkworm Bombyx mori has revealed the presence of five different types of MLEs (Bmmar1, Bmmar2, Bmmar3, Bmmar4 and Bmmar5). We isolated and characterized sixty copies of the MLEs representing the five Bmmar types. Their nucleotide sequences, nucleotide compositions, deduced transposase sequences, codon preferences, and the copy numbers showed extensive variations. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences revealed that Bmmar1, Bmmar2, and Bmmar3 have been in the B. mori genome for a long time, while Bmmar4 is probably a recent invader of the genome. Because of the long-term association of Bmmar1 and Bmmar2 with the genome, highly mutated miniature Bmmar1 and Bmmar2 are widespread in the genome, and the footprints of these elements are also present in different silkworm genes. However, miniature copies of Bmmar4 were not detected. This recently acquired element has very few mutations. None of the characterized copies had functional transposase open reading frames. They essentially exist as fossils in the genome.     

桑蚕蛹油对大鼠脂质代谢的影响

目的 :　观察桑蚕蛹油以及添加维生素 E(VE)对大鼠脂质代谢的影响。方法 :　雄性成年 Wistar大鼠 5 0只 ,按血脂水平分为 5组 :正常对照组、高脂对照组、桑蚕蛹油组、桑蚕蛹油 +VE组及红花油组 ,分别喂饲各组饲料。 6w后 ,测血脂水平和相关指标。结果 :　 (1 )实验 3 w末 ,桑蚕蛹油组大鼠血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C)水平均显著低于高脂对照组 ,与红花油组间无显著性差异意义 ,而血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL-C)水平显著高于红花油组 ,致动脉粥样硬化指数 (AI)显著低于红花油组 ,这些变化一直持续至 6w末实验结束。 (2 )桑蚕蛹油组大鼠血清卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶 (LCAT)活性显著高于高脂对照组和红花油组。(3 )桑蚕蛹油组大鼠肝脏 TG水平、肝脏指数显著低于高脂对照组 ,与红花油组之间无显著性差异意义 ,而肝脏 TC水平显著低于红花油组。 (4 )桑蚕蛹油 +VE组大鼠血清 VE水平显著升高 ,过氧化脂质 (MDA)水平显著降低 ,并且血清 TC、LDL-C水平显著低于桑蚕蛹油组。结论 :　富含 α-亚麻酸的桑蚕蛹油在降脂方面比红花油更有效 ,加入 VE后可有效抑制脂质过氧化反应 ,并较未加VE者具有更强的降低胆固醇作用。