Pterostilbene impact on retinal endothelial cells under high glucose environment

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has complicated pathogenic factors. Studies showed that DR belongs to chronic inflammatory disease, and retinal endothelial cells oxidation by free radicals is one of its mechanisms. Pterostilbene, as the homologous derivative of resveratrol, has obvious antioxidant effect. Its influence on the DR has not been studied. This study intended to investigate the effect and mechanism of pterostilbene on human retinal endothelial cells (hRECs) under high glucose environment to illustrate pterostilbene impact on DR and provide basis for DR clinical treatment. hRECs cultured in high glucose environment were treated by 1.0 mmol/L pterostilbene. MTT assay was applied to test cell proliferation. ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factor TNF-α and IL-1β content. Real time PCR and Western blot were performed to examine NF-κB mRNA and protein expression. ROS and SOD activities were analyzed. Under high glucose environment, hRECs proliferation increased, TNF-α and IL-1β expression elevated, and NF-κB protein level upregulated significantly. On the other side, ROS production increased and SOD activity decreased obviously (P < 0.05). Pterostilbene can suppress hRECs over proliferation, decrease TNF-α and IL-1β, inhibit NF-κB protein expression, reduce ROS production, and increase SOD activity markedly compared with high glucose group (P < 0.05). Pterostilbene may delay DR progress through alleviating inflammation and antioxidation to suppress hRECs over proliferation.     

基于指纹图谱分析和多成分同时定量的龙血通络胶囊质量评价研究

目的建立龙血通络胶囊指纹图谱,并进行多成分定量分析,为评价龙血通络胶囊提供依据。方法采用Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液梯度洗脱,体积流量1.0 m L/min,柱温35℃,检测波长为280、325 nm。测定10批次龙血通络胶囊,建立指纹图谱,同时采用Q-TOF/MS对指纹图谱中共有峰进行指认及对部分特征峰进行定量分析。结果得到分离度、重复性均较好的龙血通络胶囊指纹图谱,标示出18个共有峰,相似度在0.92以上;采用LC-Q-TOF/MS方法指认了16个共有峰,其中7个共有峰经对照品比对,分别为白藜芦醇、7,4′-二羟基黄酮、龙血素A、龙血素B、紫檀茋、2,6-二甲氧基-4,4′-二羟基二氢查耳酮和2-甲氧基-4,4′-二羟基二氢查耳酮,并对这7个成分进行了定量分析,平均回收率在98.47%~101.93%(RSD均小于2.27%)。结论同时对龙血通络胶囊指纹图谱和7个指标成分进行分析,方法快速、简便、准确,可作为全面评价该制剂质量的有效方法之一。     

紫檀芪干预人软骨细胞的氧化应激性凋亡

文题释义：紫檀芪(pterostilbene,PTE)：是紫檀、蓝莓、葡萄和花榈木等中药植物的有效成分之一,是白藜芦醇衍生的非黄酮类多酚化合物,两者具有相似的药理特性。紫檀芪是一种强大的天然抗氧化剂,已有证明能降低细胞氧化应激和活性氧的发生,并抑制不同细胞系过氧化氢酶的表达增加。 氧化应激：是指体内氧化与抗氧化作用失衡,倾向于氧化,导致中性粒细胞炎性浸润,蛋白酶分泌增加,产生大量氧化中间产物。氧化应激是由自由基在体内产生的一种负面作用,并被认为是导致衰老和疾病的一个重要因素。 背景：已有研究表明多种抗氧化剂可抑制炎性因子生成而表现出抗关节炎作用,紫檀芪是一种强大的天然抗氧化剂,但其在软骨细胞抗氧化应激作用中的研究目前尚无相关报道。 目的：探讨紫檀芪对人软骨细胞氧化应激性凋亡的影响。 方法：体外培养正常人关节软骨细胞,使用含不同质量浓度紫檀芪(7.8-32 000 μg/L)的培养基继续培养  24 h,确定紫檀芪的最佳浓度。实验分为对照组,紫檀芪组(含有125 μg/L紫檀芪的培养基),H₂O₂组(0.2 mmol/L 的H₂O₂),H₂O₂+紫檀芪组(含有125 μg/L 紫檀芪的培养基预处理2 h后,更换含H₂O₂与125 μg/L 紫檀芪的培养基继续培养),分别处理24 h。通过MTT实验观察细胞增殖率,应用苏木精-伊红染色观察细胞形态及数量、FDA/PI染色检测细胞活性、番红O染色观察蛋白聚糖水平的变化,以及通过RT-PCR检测软骨细胞分化标志基因聚集蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型胶原酶1表达变化。研究方案取得广西医科大学第一附属医院伦理委员会批准,批号201805008。结果与结论：①MTT实验显示,紫檀芪在15.6-250 μg/L可显著促软骨细胞生长,尤其是在为125 μg/L时促进作用最明显;②苏木精-伊红染色和FDA/PI染色结果显示,在H2O2组中软骨细胞的数量减少,在H2O2+紫檀芪组中细胞数量较单独H2O2刺激组显著增加,细胞活性提高;③番红O染色显示紫檀芪促进软骨细胞分泌蛋白聚糖,抑制H2O2对软骨细胞的不利作用;④RT-PCR结果表明紫檀芪可促进氧化应激损伤的软骨细胞高表达聚集蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型胶原酶1基因,改善软骨细胞分化功能;⑤结果说明,紫檀芪能够促进软骨细胞增殖,抑制氧化应激引起的人关节软骨细胞凋亡。 ORCID: 0000-0002-2761-6222(林义才) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

紫檀芪延缓糖尿病肾病发展的作用及机制

目的研究紫檀芪对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病肾病(DN)进展的延缓作用及可能机制。方法将C57BL/6J小鼠(n=50)随机分为对照组、模型组、低剂量药物组(20 mg·kg^-1)、中剂量药物组(40 mg·kg^-1)和高剂量药物组(80 mg·kg^-1),每组10只。对照组和模型组灌胃5 g·L^-1羧甲基纤维素钠,高、中、低剂量药物组小鼠灌胃相应剂量的紫檀芪12周。测定24 h蛋白尿,检测血液中血糖、血肌酐和血尿素氮水平,检测肾脏组织中炎症因子白介素-6(IL-6)和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)的表达,HE染色和PAS染色检测肾脏组织的病理改变情况,Western blot法测定肾脏组织中沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)蛋白的表达。结果紫檀芪可延缓STZ诱导的1型DN的进展,降低血肌酐和血尿素氮的水平。紫檀芪对血糖及24 h尿蛋白无影响。紫檀芪可降低肾脏组织中炎症因子IL-6和MCP-1的表达。HE染色和PAS染色发现,紫檀芪能降低糖尿病小鼠肾小球体积和基底膜厚度,还能增加糖尿病小鼠肾脏组织中SIRT1蛋白的表达。结论紫檀芪可延缓1型DN的发展,其机制与其调节SIRT1的表达有关。     

Biological actions and molecular effects of resveratrol,pterostilbene, and 3′-hydroxypterostilbene

Stilbenes are a class of polyphenolic compounds, naturally found in a wide variety of dietary sources such as grapes, berries, peanuts, red wine, and some medicinal plants. There are several well-known stilbenes including trans-resveratrol, pterostilbene, and 3′-hydroxypterostilbene. The core chemical structure of stilbene compounds is 1,2-diphenylethylene. Recently, stilbenes have attracted extensive attention and interest due to their wide range of health-beneficial effects such as anti-inflammation, -carcinogenic, -diabetes, and -dyslipidemia activities. Moreover, accumulating in vitro and in vivo studies have reported that stilbene compounds act as inducers of multiple cell-death pathways such as apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents in several types of cancer cells. The aim of this review is to highlight recent molecular findings and biological actions of trans-resveratrol, pterostilbene, and 3′-hydroxypterostilbene.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定龙血竭胶囊中紫檀芯氐的含量

目的；建立反相高效液相色谱法（RP－HPLC）法测定龙血竭胶囊中紫檀芪的含量。方法：以C18反相键合硅胶为固定相，乙腈－1％冰醋酸（41：59）为流动相，检测波长为305nm，用外标法定量。结果：紫檀芪在5．2－62．4ng范围有良好线性关系，r=0.9993,方法回收率为97．49％，RSD为2．46％。结论：本方法是测定龙血竭胶囊中紫檀芪含量的可靠、简便的定量方法。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定龙血竭中紫檀(艹氐)的含量

目的:建立反相高效液相色谱法分离和测定龙血竭中紫檀芪的含量。方法:以Phenomenex C_(18)反相键合硅胶色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),乙腈-1％冰醋酸(41:59)为流动相,流速1.5 mL·min~(-1),检测波长为310 nm,灵敏度为0.02 AUFS;柱温40℃;用外标法定量。结果:紫檀芪在41.6～208 ng范围有良好线性关系,r=0.999 5,理论塔板数以紫檀芪计为5 422;方法回收率为97.82％。结论:本方法是测定龙血竭中紫檀芪含量的准确、可靠、简便的定量方法。     

Autophagy-inducing effect of pterostilbene: A prospective therapeutic/preventive option for skin diseases

Pterostilbene is a naturally occurring analog of resveratrol with many health benefits. These health benefits are associated with its antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and chemopreventive effects attributed to its unique structure. The skin cancer chemopreventive potential of pterostilbene is supported by a variety of mechanistic studies confirming the anti-inflammatory effects in skin cancer models. Molecular biological studies have identified that pterostilbene targets pleotropic signaling pathways, including those involved in mitogenesis, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. Recently, pterostilbene has been reported to induce autophagy in cancer and normal cells. Through autophagy induction, the inflammatory-related skin diseases can be attenuated. This finding suggests the potential use of pterostilbene in the treatment and prevention of skin disorders via alleviating inflammatory responses by autophagy induction. This review summarizes the protective and therapeutic benefits of pterostilbene in skin diseases from the viewpoint of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and autophagy-inducing effects. Novel underlying mechanisms regarding these effects are discussed. We proposed that pterostilbene, a promising natural product, can be used as a preventive and therapeutic agent for inflammation-related skin disorders through induction of autophagy.     

一测多评法测定龙血竭中5种有效成分

目的建立龙血竭中5种有效成分的一测多评法,探讨一测多评法在龙血竭质量控制中的应用。方法采用高效液相色谱法,使用Fortis Xi C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈(A)-1.0%冰醋酸水溶液(B),梯度洗脱,0~10 min,25%~30%A;10~60 min,30%~50%A,体积流量1.0 mL/min;检测波长278 nm;柱温30℃;进样量10μL。以紫檀茋为内参,分别建立7,4′-二羟基黄酮、白藜芦醇、龙血素A和龙血素B相对于紫檀茋的相对校正因子,分别采用外标法和一测多评法测定5种成分的量,并比较二者结果的相对误差。结果 7,4′-二羟基黄酮质量浓度在10.23~102.27μg/mL、白藜芦醇质量浓度在11.01~110.14μg/mL、龙血素A质量浓度在9.47~94.72μg/mL、龙血素B质量浓度在11.59~115.90μg/mL、紫檀茋质量浓度在24.35~243.52μg/mL线性关系良好;4种化学成分相对于紫檀茋的相对校正因子分别为0.626、1.064、1.154、0.837;且在不同实验条件下耐用性良好(RSD3.0%);一测多评法的计算结果与外标法测得结果无显著差异。结论建立的一测多评法可作为龙血竭中5种有效成分的测定方法,一测多评法为龙血竭质量控制提供了新的模式与方法。