Ketoprofen Versus Paracetamol in the Treatment of Acute Migraine

The efficacy and safety of ketoprofen and paracetamol were compared for the treatment of acute migraine in a randomized, double-blind study of 64 patients. Thirty-four patients received ketoprofen 100 mg intramuscularly, and 30 patients received paracetamol 500 mg intramuscularly. Partial or complete relief of pain and other symptoms was achieved 15 to 20 minutes after administration in the ketoprofen group and within 35 minutes in the paracetamol group. Complete relief of pain was achieved within 30 to 40 minutes after ketoprofen in 28 patients (82.5%) compared to 5 patients (17.5%) in the paracetamol group. Six of the patients treated with ketoprofen needed a second dose for complete relief of pain during the 4-hour follow-up period. Side effects were rare and minimal. Our findings suggest that ketoprofen produced statistically significant benefit in the treatment of acute migraine.     

丙氧氨酚与酮咯酸治疗癌痛的比较

晚期肿瘤疼痛病人３１例（男性１７例，女性１４例，年龄５０±５１４ａ），用丙氧氨酚２片，ｐｏ，ｔｉｄ，共７ｄ。相似病人３０例（男性１６例，女性１４例，年龄５１±１３ａ），用酮咯酸１０ｍｇ，ｐｏ，ｑｉｄ，共７ｄ。结果：疼痛强度（标尺法）２组均有降低；显效时间前组（丙氧氨酚）快于后组（酮咯酸）；药效维持时间后组长于前组；不良反应前组嗜睡多于后组，而胃肠道不适少于后组。     

紫外分光光度法测定对乙酰氨基酚泡腾片含量

本文用紫外分光光度法在２５７±１ｎｍ波长处测定对乙酰氨基酚泡腾片的含量，其浓度与吸收度的线性关系良好，相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９９８。平均回收率为９９．９４％，变异系数为０．２０％。本法简便、快速、结果准确。     

Pollen extracts reduce the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol in mice

Cernitins are preparations obtained from plant pollen which contain numerous compounds of potential biological significance. This work deals with the influence of cernitins upon acute paracetamol toxicity in mice. The survival rate and indices of hepatic injury: aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, bilirubin level in serum, glutathione and cytochrome P-450 content in liver, liver weight, histopathologic picture of the liver and presence of glycogen and lipids in stained liver sections, under different experimental protocols, were determined. It was found that cernitins are able to increase the survival rate of mice and reduce liver injury in acute paracetamol poisoning. Cernitins are more effective when administered after, rather than before, a dose of paracetamol. The possible mechanism through which cernitins may act is discussed.     

扑苯黄片中三组分的HPLC测定

用ＨＰＬＣ同时测定扑苯黄片中三组分的含量。采用Ｓｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂ ＣＮ柱，操作简单，结果准确。对乙酰氨基酚、盐酸伪麻黄碱、盐酸苯海拉明的回收率分别为１００．３％、９９．８％、９９．５％，ＲＳＤ分别为０．２９％、０．５１％、０．４５％。     

Prenatal paracetamol exposure and risk of asthma and elevated immunoglobulin E in childhood

BACKGROUND: We recently found that paracetamol (acetaminophen) use in late pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of early wheezing in the offspring. OBJECTIVE: To see whether use of paracetamol in late pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of asthma, wheezing and other atopic outcomes in the child at school age. METHODS: In the population-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we measured associations of paracetamol and aspirin use in late pregnancy (20-32 weeks) with asthma, hayfever, eczema (n = 8511) and wheezing (8381) in the offspring at 69-81 months, and with atopy (positive skin prick test to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cat or grass, n = 6527) and blood total IgE (n = 5148) at 7 years. We used logistic and linear regression to analyse binary outcomes and log-transformed IgE, respectively, controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS: Use of paracetamol, but not aspirin, in late pregnancy was positively associated with asthma (odds ratios (ORs), comparing children whose mothers took paracetamol 'sometimes' and 'most days/daily' with those whose mothers never took it, 1.22 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.41) and 1.62 (95% CI: 0.86-3.04), respectively; P trend = 0.0037), wheezing (ORs 1.20 (95% CI: 1.02-1.40) and 1.86 (95% CI: 0.98-3.55), respectively; P trend = 0.011), and total IgE (geometric mean ratios 1.14 (95% CI: 1.03-1.26) and 1.52 (95% CI: 0.98-2.38), respectively; P trend = 0.0034), but not hayfever, eczema or skin test positivity. The proportion of asthma attributable to paracetamol use in late pregnancy, assuming a causal relation, was 7%. CONCLUSION: Paracetamol exposure in late gestation may cause asthma, wheezing and elevated IgE in children of school age.     

Comparison of a traditional paracetamol medication and a new paracetamol/paracetamol-methionine ester combination

Summary The SUR 2647 combination is a sachet formulation containing free paracetamol and its N-acetyl-methionate ester (SUR 2647). In a randomized, single-blind, between-patient study the onset of analgesia, duration and efficacy of the SUR 2647 combination vs paracetamol was investigated in outpatients after oral surgery. One group (n=27) received sachets of SUR 2647 combination 2 b.i.d. (equivalent to 2 g paracetamol ×2) on the day of operation, and one sachet b.i.d. (equivalent to 1 g paracetamol ×2) for the following two days. The other group (n=26) received paracetamol tablets 2 q.i.d. on the day of operation (1 g×4) and one tablet q.i.d. (0.5 g×4) for the following two days. Several objective and subjective assessments, including pain score on a visual analogue scale, were recorded for comparison of the postoperative courses. Median onset of analgesia for both groups was 0.5 h. The duration after SUR 2647 combination was 5.5 h as compared to 2.5 h for paracetamol. Mean pain scores showed that the SUR 2647 combination regime reduced pain significantly more than the paracetamol regime from 0.5 to 3.0 h after initiation of medication. The mean pain scores did not show a significant difference during the remaining observation period. Mild to moderate drowsiness was reported in both treatment groups, but it was more common in subjects given SUR 2647 combination.     

薄层扫描法测定三九感冒灵冲剂中对乙酰氨基酚及咖啡因的含量

目的 :用薄层扫描法同时测定三九感冒灵冲剂中对乙酰氨基酚及咖啡因的含量。方法 :以氯仿 -乙酸乙酯 -甲醇 -氨水(15∶4∶3∶0 3)为展开剂 ,采用双波长反射法锯齿扫描。结果 :对乙酰氨基酚平均回收率为99 33 % ,RSD=1 28% ,3批样品的标示量分别为99 02 %、98 48 %、99 23% ;咖啡因平均回收率为100 1 % ,RSD=1 71 % ,3批样品的标示量分别为99 74%、98 57 %、99 24%。结论 :本方法简便、快速 ,测定结果准确 ,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法     

高效液相色谱法同时测定小儿氨酚黄那敏颗粒剂中二组分的含量

目的建立一种用反相高效液相色谱法,同时测定小儿氨酚黄那敏颗粒中对乙酰氨基酚和马来酸氯苯那敏含量的方法。方法采用RP-HPLC法,以Sh im-pack VP-ODS(150mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,甲醇-水-冰醋酸(40∶60∶0.5)为流动相,检测波长(λ)为:261 nm,流速:1.0 mL/m in,柱温:40℃,面积外标法定量。结果对乙酰氨基酚、马来酸氯苯那敏线性范围分别在40~280μg.mL-1,0.32~2.24μg.mL-1;浓度范围内呈现出良好的线性关系,方法平均回收率分别为:98.85%,97.97%(n=3)。相关系数r=0.999 9,r=0.999 7,RSD为0.81%,1.76%(n=5)。结论该方法简便、快速,二组分分离度好,其他成分无干扰,测定结果准确可靠,可作为该制剂质量控制的有效方法。