烯烃的热力学性质的拓扑研究

目的：寻找一种性能优良的拓扑指数，方法：根据分子图的邻接矩阵和距离矩阵提出一种新的拓扑指数P1^*,P2^*,P3^*,p^4*。结果，拓扑指数P1^*,P2^*,P3^*,p^4*与烯烃的热力学函数－△Hf(g),S(g),△Gf(g)均有相关性，其复相关系数均在99．6％以上。结论：拓扑指数P1^*,P2^*,P3^*,p^4*与烯烃的热力学函的多种物理化学性质均有良好的相关性。     

重质石油中含氮化合物的形态及分布分析Ⅱ．含氦杂环化合物的定性方法

探索了色谱保留值与质谱信息相结合的定性分析方法。用ＳＥ－５４柱代替ＳＥ－５２柱，选用六个多环芳烃化合物作为标准计算保留指数，从而改善了Ｍ．Ｌ．Ｌｅｅ保留指数的应用条件和范围；用文献值转换扩充了Ｌｅｅ的含氮杂环化合物保留指数表，并利用保留时间与沸点的关系作定性佐证。应用该法鉴定了重质石油样品子组分及萘油中的４６个含氮杂环化合物及其异构体，为质谱在异构体鉴定以及缺乏标样所产生的困难提供了可信、简便的定性鉴定方法。     

血瘀证的研究发展脉络与评述

主要从4个方面论述了血瘀证50年来研究进展．理论研究，着重从古今文献论述血瘀证定义和含义；客观研究，着重对生理、生化、血液流变学、免疫学、病理学和微循环等方面对血瘀证进行研究；血瘀证的动物模型研究，主要对血瘀证动物模型的建立与造模方法和途径进行研究；诊断标准研究，包括诊断标准、诊断指标的研究。并对上述内容进行了评述，并提出了展望。     

内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽与梗阻性黄疸大鼠门脉压力的关系

目的　通过测定梗阻性黄疸大鼠门静脉血中内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽浓度 ,探讨内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽在梗阻性黄疸鼠门脉压力升高中的作用。方法　建立大鼠梗阻性黄疸模型 ,采用放射免疫法测定门静脉血中内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽的浓度。结果　内皮素在胆道结扎后各时相均明显升高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,3天达峰值 (186.99± 3 6.0 3 pg/ m l) ,降钙素基因相关肽在胆道结扎后第 1天无明显变化 (2 13 .11± 3 5 .3 8pg/ m l vs 180 .14± 3 0 .66pg/ ml) ,3天后明显升高 ,并与对照组相差明显 (P<0 .0 5 )。梗阻性黄疸组大鼠门脉压力在各时相组均比对照组明显升高 (P<0 .0 5 )但未形成门脉高压。内皮素抗血清治疗可降低内皮素浓度和升高的门静脉压力。结论　梗阻性黄疸时内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽浓度均升高 ,失去内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽的正常平衡并伴有门脉压力的升高     

自动化分析仪同时测定血清12项生化指标的正常值

本文将生化自动分析仪应用于健康检诊中,就其中1089名健康者的血清进行12项生化指标的检测,并对测得的结果进行分析整理,确定国人的正常值范围。同时又对自动分析仪的质量管理进行了探讨。     

Influence of vascular parameters on the effectiveness of intra-aortic balloon pumping: A model study

The intra-aortic balloon pump has been widely used as a temporary heart-assist device. In this investigation, a nonlinear mathematical model of the arterial system and intra-aortic balloon pump was studied analytically. Thus, the influences of a number of vascular parameters on the effectiveness of intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) were determined. The effects of changes in vascular parameters of the model on a number of performance indexes were investigated. These performance indexes (aortic mean diastolic pressure, aortic end diastolic pressure, cardiac output, coronary flow and phase differences between the fundamental Fourier components of aortic root pressure and flow) were used as the criterion for an evaluation of the effectiveness of the assist pump. The following vascular parameters were perturbed by four steps (±10%, ±20%) from the values in the standard model: heart rate, peripheral resistance, left ventricular pressure, aortic elastance, aortic radius, arterial wall thickness, and aortic length. This model was evaluated for a wide range of balloon-pump phase-control settings (assisted case) and for the unassisted case (when the pump is disabled). It is concluded that changes in heart rate, peripheral resistance and left ventricular pressure cause the most significant changes in pump performance. Dr. Ohley is with the Datascope Corporation Dr. Kao is with the Technicare Corporation     

Fast Eating Is Associated with Increased BMI among High-School Students

Fast self-reported eating rate (SRER) has been associated with increased adiposity in children and adults. No studies have been conducted among high-school students, and SRER has not been validated vs. objective eating rate (OBER) in such populations. The objectives were to investigate (among high-school student populations) the association between OBER and BMI z-scores (BMIz), the validity of SRER vs. OBER, and potential differences in BMIz between SRER categories. Three studies were conducted. Study 1 included 116 Swedish students (mean ± SD age: 16.5 ± 0.8, 59% females) who were eating school lunch. Food intake and meal duration were objectively recorded, and OBER was calculated. Additionally, students provided SRER. Study 2 included students (n = 50, mean ± SD age: 16.7 ± 0.6, 58% females) from Study 1 who ate another objectively recorded school lunch. Study 3 included 1832 high-school students (mean ± SD age: 15.8 ± 0.9, 51% females) from Sweden (n = 748) and Greece (n = 1084) who provided SRER. In Study 1, students with BMIz ≥ 0 had faster OBER vs. students with BMIz < 0 (mean difference: +7.7 g/min or +27%, p = 0.012), while students with fast SRER had higher OBER vs. students with slow SRER (mean difference: +13.7 g/min or +56%, p = 0.001). However, there was “minimal” agreement between SRER and OBER categories (κ = 0.31, p < 0.001). In Study 2, OBER during lunch 1 had a “large” correlation with OBER during lunch 2 (r = 0.75, p < 0.001). In Study 3, fast SRER students had higher BMIz vs. slow SRER students (mean difference: 0.37, p < 0.001). Similar observations were found among both Swedish and Greek students. For the first time in high-school students, we confirm the association between fast eating and increased adiposity. Our validation analysis suggests that SRER could be used as a proxy for OBER in studies with large sample sizes on a group level. With smaller samples, OBER should be used instead. To assess eating rate on an individual level, OBER can be used while SRER should be avoided.     

Satisfaction with neighbourhood environment moderates the associations between objective neighbourhood environment and leisure-time physical activity in older adults in Beijing,China

Asia is ageing fast. To develop more effective health promotion initiatives among older adults, more knowledge of the environmental correlates of physical activity is needed. However, research in this age group is rare, and most existing studies have been conducted within Western contexts. The present study explores the interaction effects of objective neighbourhood environment and satisfaction with neighbourhood environment on leisure-time physical activity in older adults in Beijing, China. This study follows a cross-sectional design and involves older adults aged 65 years and over. The questionnaire was collected in 2018 and 2,061 older adults living in Yanshan, Beijing, China were included in the analysis. Linear regression was applied to examine the effects. The findings show that residents who live in places with higher levels of walkability, or those who are more satisfied with neighbourhood environment (either path/road/street condition or recreational resources) spent significantly longer participating in leisure-time physical activity. However, the objective neighbourhood accessibility of recreational resources was not a significant factor of physical activity. Satisfaction with neighbourhood recreational resources can significantly moderate the relationship between objective neighbourhood accessibility of recreational resources and leisure-time physical activity respectively. This is the first study conducted in China examining the relationships between objective neighbourhood environment, satisfaction with neighbourhood environment and leisure-time physical activity among older adults. This study may have implications for urban planning and service provision planning. The design of built environments that considers quality rather than only quantity can play a significant role in improving older adults' leisure-time physical activity.     

慢性重型肝炎的血清生化指标对预后的影响

目的:探讨慢性重型肝炎(Chronic serious hepatitis,CSH)血清生化指标与预后的关系。方法:225例CSH患者,根据2000年北京传染性疾病会议制定的标准。分为早、中、晚3期,分别检测患者血清中总胆红素(TB)、白蛋白(A)、尿素氮(UN)、肌酐(CR)和胆碱酯酶(CHE)。10例病人同时进行肝脏穿刺病理检查,并观察合并症及预后。结果:早、中、晚3期TB(μmol/L)依次为326.62±111.03、399.80±125.60、385.05±107.84,早期与中、晚期对比,P<0.001;A(g/L)为32.48±4.64、29.66±5.72、29.26±3.69,早期与中晚期相比P<0.001;CHE(μ)2664.25±1004.27、1997.12±833.30、1997.23±874.39,早期与中晚期相比P<0.01;UN为20.23±8.84、21.39±8.78、25.58±10.02,早期与晚期相比P<0.01;CR为85.09±59.73、91.78±60.64、124.37±85.72,早期与晚期相比P<0.01。肝穿结果显示,CSH晚期大块、亚大块坏死较多,瘀胆严重,合并症多。结论:本文结果显示,CSH血清生化指标中TB、CR、UN越高,A、CHE越低,肝脏病理损伤越重,合并症越多,预后越差。     

糖尿病肾病中医分型肾脏叶间动脉彩色多普勒超声分析

借助彩色多普勒频谱图,对糖尿病肾病患者肾脏叶间动脉血流参数进行分析,探讨该病中医分型的客观指标。方法：选择糖尿病肾病３５例,将其分为气阴两虚及阴阳两虚组,于每位患者双肾叶间动脉测量：收缩期峰值血流速度（ＶＳ）、舒张期末血流速度（ＶＤ）、平均血流速度（ＭＳ）、搏动指数（ＰＩ）、阻力指数（ＲＩ）。结果：气阴两虚组ＰＩ、ＲＩ值明显高于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,阴阳两虚组ＰＩ、ＲＩ明显高于气阴两虚组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;阴阳两虚组ＶＤ值高于气阴两虚组及正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１）;气阴两虚组与正常组比较无统计学差异。结论：糖尿病肾病气阴两虚及阴阳两虚组中ＰＩ及ＲＩ,可以作为糖尿病肾病中医分型的客观指标。