高效液相色谱法测定美洛昔康胶囊的含量

目的 :建立反相高效液相色谱法测定美洛昔康胶囊中美洛昔康的含量。方法 :采用LichrosorbC18色谱柱 (5 μm,4 .6mm× 2 0 0mm) ,以吡罗昔康为内标 ,甲醇 乙腈 0 .0 9mol·L-1庚烷磺酸钠溶液 冰醋酸 (5 4∶8∶37∶1)为流动相 ,流速为0 .9mL·min-1,检测波长为 35 2nm ,柱温为室温。结果 :美洛昔康在 8～ 4 8mg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,r =0 .9999,平均回收率为 99.78% ,RSD为 0 .96 %。结论 :该法简便 ,快速 ,专属性好 ,结果准确 ,可靠。     

美洛昔康栓剂治疗强直性脊柱炎62例

目的:评价美洛昔康栓剂治疗强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者的疗效和安全性。方法:126例AS患者,随机分为治疗组62例和对照组64例,分别应用美洛昔康栓和美洛昔康片,剂量均为15mg·d~(-1),疗程6周。结果:治疗组与对照组的总有效率分别为84.49％和77.42％,2组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),2组总计不良事件发生率分别为12.90％和21.87％,不良事件主要集中在胃肠道,无严重不良事件发生。结论:美洛昔康栓对AS患者的止痛效果及安全性与美洛昔康片类似,且总计不良事件发生率和单项最高不良事件发生率均低于片剂组。     

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in rat microglia is induced by adenosine A2a-receptors

We investigated the regulation of COX-2 expression and activity by adenosine receptors in rat microglial cells. The selective adenosine A_2a-receptor agonist CGS21680 and the non-selective adenosine A₁- and A₂-receptor agonist 5′-N-ethylcarboxi-amidoadenosine (NECA) induced an increase in COX-2 mRNA levels and the synthesis of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂). The adenosine A₁-receptor agonist cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) was less potent, and the adenosine A₃-receptor-specific agonist N⁶-2-(-aminophenylo)ethyladenosine (APNEA) showed only marginal effects. Microglia expressed adenosine A₁-, A_2a-, and A₃-, but not A_2b-receptor mRNAs, whereas astroglial cells expressed adenosine A_2b- but not A_2a-receptor mRNA. The adenosine A_2a-receptor selective antagonist (E)-8-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-1,3-dipropyl-7-methylxanthine (KF17837) inhibited both CGS21680-induced COX-2 expression and PGE₂ release. CGS21680-increased PGE₂ levels were inhibited by dexamethasone, by the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug meloxicam, and by the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor 9-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-9H-purine-6-amine (SQ22536). CGS21680 and NECA both increased intracellular cAMP levels in microglial cells. Dibutyryl cAMP as well as forskolin induced the release of PGE₂. The results strongly suggest that adenosine A_2a-receptor-induced intracellular signaling events cause an up-regulation of the COX-2 gene and the release of PGE₂. Apparently, the cAMP second messenger system plays a crucial role in COX-2 gene regulation in rat microglial cells. The results are discussed with respect to neurodegenerative disorders of the CNS such as Alzheimer's disease, in which activated microglia are critically involved and COX inhibitors may be of therapeutic benefit. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

乌头汤治疗肾虚督寒型强直性脊柱炎30例临床观察

目的:观察乌头汤治疗肾虚督寒型强直性脊柱炎的临床疗效.方法:将60例活动期肾虚督寒型强直性脊柱炎患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例.治疗组口服乌头汤治疗,对照组口服美洛昔康片治疗.2组均以4周为1个疗程.观察2组ASAS20疗效、ASAS40疗效、中医证候疗效,以及治疗前后脊柱痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、患者自...     

渗透促进剂对美洛昔康经皮渗透的促进作用

目的研究氮酮、薄荷、羟丙基β环糊精等10种常用渗透促进剂对美洛昔康经皮渗透的促进作用。方法应用改良的Valia Chiem扩散池为实验装置,pH 8.0的磷酸盐缓冲液为研究介质,以稳态流量(Js)、增渗倍数(ER)及滞后时间为考察指标,将渗透促进剂分油溶性与水溶性两大类进行了系统地比较。结果油溶性促渗剂对美洛昔康经皮渗透促进作用强于水溶性促渗剂(P<0.05),但滞后时间后者小于前者。以丙二醇为溶剂时,油溶性促渗剂与丙二醇有协同作用;油酸与薄荷合用时二者具有较强的协同作用。以乙醇为溶剂时,氮酮渗透促进作用最显著(P<0.01),薄荷油次之(P<0.05),且二者的渗透促进作用均具有浓度依赖性。结论油溶性氮酮和薄荷油是美洛昔康经皮给药的理想渗透促进剂。     

美洛昔康口腔崩解片的制备及质量控制

目的：制备美洛昔康口腔崩解片并对其进行质量检查.方法：采用正交设计法确定最佳处方,以甘露醇为主要辅料制备美洛昔康口腔崩解片,并对崩解时限、口感、溶出度进行了考察.结果：最佳处方为1000片用交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVPP）20 g,甘露醇140 g,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）3.0 g,聚山梨酯-80 0.2 g,崩解时限小于30 s,口腔崩解片在10 min左右完全溶出,而普通市售片在45 min溶出80%.结论：本研究制备的美洛昔康口腔崩解片为快速崩解型片剂,累积溶出度快于市售片.     

美洛昔康残留DMF、二甲苯的测定

目的利用顶空法气相色谱建立了美洛昔康中残留溶剂的测定方法。方法FID检测器,色谱柱(30m×0.53mm,膜厚3.0μm,固定液:6%氰丙基苯基-94%二甲基聚硅氧烷),检测器温度:260℃;载气:N2;载气流速:10ml.min-1。结果及结论相邻溶剂峰的分离度不小于1.5;重复进样各溶剂峰面积的RSD均小于5%。二甲苯的检测限:3ppm,DMF的检测限:19.48ppm。     

美洛昔康不诱导胃癌细胞耐药

目的旨在了解环氧合酶-2(cyc looxygenase-2,COX-2)抑制剂美洛昔康对胃癌细胞的长期作用能否导致胃癌细胞对其产生耐药性。方法采用浓度递增法结合大剂量冲击法,美洛昔康长期作用于胃癌SGC7901细胞,时间达6个月,尝试诱导胃癌美洛昔康耐药株,命名为SGC7901/M,并用MTT法测定药物敏感性,光镜、电镜观察细胞形态学改变,活细胞计数法和克隆形成技术了解其生物学特性。结果药物敏感分析显示,胃癌细胞经过美洛昔康长期作用,对美洛昔康并没有出现抗性,其IC50与亲代细胞比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),分别为4.6×10-4±2.23×10-4mol.L-1,3.54×10-4±2.34×10-4mol.L-1。SGC7901/M细胞对美洛昔康的耐药指数约为1.3。SGC7901/M细胞与亲代细胞形态学比较,光镜及电镜均未显示差异,两种细胞在经1×10-3mol.L-1美洛昔康作用24 h后,均表现出细胞受到明显损伤和凋亡的形态。无论从生长曲线上还是克隆形成率上都显示SGC7901/M细胞与亲代细胞的生长特性无差异。结论美洛昔康可抑制胃癌细胞生长,长期用药不诱导胃癌细胞产生耐药性。     

Steady-state pharmacokinetics of lithium in healthy volunteers receiving concomitant meloxicam

AIMS: This open, controlled study investigated the effect of concomitant 15 mg oral meloxicam on the pharmacokinetics of lithium in healthy male volunteers. METHODS: On days 1-14 lithium was coadministered with meloxicam to 16 volunteers; on days 10-14 lithium was administered in individualized dosage regimes to achieve stable lithium plasma concentrations in the lower therapeutic range of 0.3-0.7 mmol l(-1). A 12 h steady-state concentration profile for lithium was obtained at day 14, after which meloxicam was withdrawn. The lithium dose remained unchanged from day 15 to day 22, at which time a second lithium concentration profile was determined. RESULTS: Lithium and meloxicam were well tolerated throughout the study and all 16 volunteers completed the study. Lithium predose concentrations (Cpre,ss) and area under the curve (AUCss) values both increased by 21% (paired t-test P = 0.0002; 90% confidence intervals for test/reference ratios: 113-130% and 115-128%, respectively) when lithium was coadministered with meloxicam compared with values obtained for lithium alone. The geometric mean lithium Cpre,ss was 0.65 mmol l(-1) when coadministered with meloxicam and 0.54 mmol l(-1) for lithium alone. Lithium Cmax,ss values were increased by 16% by coadministration of meloxicam, from 0.97 mmol l(-1) to 1.12 mmol l(-1). The total plasma clearance of lithium was lower with concomitant meloxicam administration (82.5% of value for lithium alone). CONCLUSIONS: Meloxicam (15 mg) moderately increased the plasma concentration of lithium in healthy volunteers, but by a magnitude thought to be of low clinical relevance. Nevertheless, lithium plasma concentrations should be closely monitored in patients receiving concomitant meloxicam and lithium therapy.