酮替酚对鸡蛋过敏特应性皮炎患儿淋巴细胞增殖反应的抑制作用

作者探讨了鸡蛋过敏特应性皮炎(AD)患儿外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)对卵白蛋白(OA)刺激的增殖反应并观察了酮替酚(KF)对此反应的影响.结果提示AD患儿的PBMCs增殖反应显著高于健康儿童;KF可剂量依赖性地抑制鸡蛋过敏AD患儿PBMCs对OA刺激的增殖反应,且这一效应可通过KF抑制T细胞的作用而得以实现.KF对植物血凝素(PHA)和破伤风类毒素(TT)诱导的PBMCs增殖反应无抑制作用.这说明KF只抑制食物过敏AD患者PBMCs对食物抗原的特异性增殖反应.     

分光光度法测定复方酮替芬喷鼻剂中酮替芬的含量

目的：建立复方酮替芬喷鼻剂中酮替芬的含量测定方法。方法：采用紫外分光光度法不经分离直接测定酮替芬的含量，检测波长为301nm。结果：酮替芬在浓度为5～30μg／ml内呈线性，相关系数r=0．9999。浓度为7．5、15、30μg／ml的样品液，日内RSD分别为2．68％、1．00％和1．61％，日问RSD分别为2．80％、0．90％和0．81％。浓度为7．5、15、30μg／ml的样品液的平均回收率分别为99．12％、100．25％、99．62％，RSD分别为3．56％、2．10％和1．93％。结论：本方法简便易行，适合复方酮替芬喷鼻剂中酮替芬的含量测定。     

Reduction of arthrofibrosis utilizing a collagen membrane drug-eluting scaffold with celecoxib and subcutaneous injections with ketotifen

The dense formation of abnormal scar tissue after total knee arthroplasty results in arthrofibrosis, an unfortunate sequela of inflammation. The purpose of this study was to use a validated rabbit model to assess the effects on surgically-induced knee joint contractures of two combined pharmacological interventions: celecoxib (CXB) loaded on an implanted collagen membrane, and subcutaneously (SQ) injected ketotifen. Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into five groups. The first group received no intervention after the index surgery. The remaining four groups underwent intra-articular implantation of collagen membranes loaded with or without CXB at the time of the index surgery; two of which were also treated with SQ ketotifen. Biomechanical joint contracture data were collected at 8, 10, 16, and 24 weeks. At the time of necropsy (24 weeks), posterior capsule tissue was collected for messenger RNA and histopathologic analyses. At 24 weeks, there was a statistically significant increase in passive extension among rabbits in all groups treated with CXB and/or ketotifen compared to those in the contracture control group. There was a statistically significant decrease in COL3A1, COL6A1, and ACTA2 gene expression in the treatment groups compared to the contracture control group (P < .001). Histopathologic data also demonstrated a trend towards decreased fibrous tissue density in the CXB membrane group compared to the vehicle membrane group. The present data suggest that intra-articular placement of a treated collagen membrane blunts the severity of contracture development in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis, and that ketotifen and CXB may independently contribute to the prevention of arthrofibrosis. Statement of clinical significance: Current literature has demonstrated that arthrofibrosis may affect up to 5% of primary total knee arthroplasty patients. For that reason, novel pharmacologic prophylaxis and treatment modalities are critical to mitigating reoperations and revisions while improving the quality of life for patients with this debilitating condition.     

A myofibroblast–mast cell–neuropeptide axis of fibrosis in post‐traumatic joint contractures: An in vitro analysis of mechanistic components

Previous studies have implicated a myofibroblast–mast cell–neuropeptide axis of fibrosis in pathologic joint capsules from post‐traumatic contractures. The hypothesis to be tested is that joint capsule cells (JC) from human elbows with post‐traumatic contractures and their interactions with mast cells (MC) and neuropeptides in the microenvironment underlie the pathogenesis of contractures. The hypothesis was tested using an in vitro collagen gel contraction model. The JC were isolated from human elbow capsules and mixed with neutralized PureCol collagen I. The gels were treated in various ways, including addition of MC (HMC‐1), the neuropeptide substance P (SP), an NK₁ receptor (SP receptor) antagonist RP67580 and the mast cell stabilizer ketotifen fumarate (KF). The collagen gels were released from the wells and gel size (contraction) was measured optically at multiple time points. The JC contracted collagen gels in a dose‐dependent manner. This was enhanced in the presence of MC and increased further with SP. Increasing concentrations of the SP receptor antagonist, RP67580 or the mast cell stabilizer, KF decreased the magnitude of contraction. These observations identify putative mechanistic components of a myofibroblast–mast cell–neuropeptide axis of fibrosis in the joint capsules in post‐traumatic contractures and potential prophylactic or therapeutic interventions. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:1290–1296, 2014.     

咳喘脐贴治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘31例

目的观察咳喘脐贴治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)的疗效。方法61例CVA患儿随机分为治疗组31例,对照组30例,均口服博利康尼片每次0.1 mg.kg-1,每日3次;酮替芬片<3岁者每次0.5 mg,每日2次口服,≥3岁者每次1 mg,每日2次口服,疗程2周;治疗组另加咳喘脐贴敷神阙穴,每日1贴,7 d为1个疗程,用1~2疗程。结果治疗组显效22例(70.97%),对照组显效13例(43.33%),两组显效率有显著性差异(P<0.01)。咳嗽平均消失时间治疗组为6.32±3.50 d,对照组为10.90±7.19 d,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论咳喘脐贴治疗CVA止咳时间明显缩短,疗效显著。     

Effects of second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonists on the active avoidance response in rats

1. The aim of the present study was to establish a new schedule of active avoidance response in rats to estimate the central effects of second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonists. 2. With the new schedule, a rat was placed into a dark room. A sliding door was opened after a delay of 5 s and, unless the animal moved into the lit room, an electric shock was delivered for 3 s. With the conventional schedule, the sliding door was opened immediately after the rat was placed into the dark room. 3. Ketotifen, at a dose of 50 mg/kg, showed no significant effect on the retrieval of active avoidance response with the conventional schedule. However, with the new schedule, the drug caused significant inhibition of retrieval of the response, even at a dose of 10 mg/kg. 4. Epinastine showed no significant effect on retrieval of the active avoidance response, even at a dose of 50 mg/kg with the new schedule. 5. Cetirizine, at a dose of 50 mg/kg, caused a significant effect, indicating that cetirizine, at this dose, markedly inhibits memory retrieval. 6. Both olopatadine and loratadine had potent effects; at doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg, respectively, these agents showed significant inhibitory effects on retrieval of the response. 7. In conclusion, we have developed a new schedule of active avoidance response that can be used to estimate the central effects of second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonists.     

复方片剂中硫酸沙丁胺醇、富马酸酮替芬的含量测定

目的：建立了复方片剂中硫酸沙丁胺醇和富马酸酮替芬的测定方法。方法：用高效液相色谱法对片剂中两种药物的含量作了测定,流动相为甲醇水＝ ９ ：１ ,检测波长分别为２７６ｎｍ 和３０１ｎｍ 。对样品的方法回收率、日内、日间精密度等进行了测定。结果：所建立的方法较为可靠。结论：药品含硫酸沙丁胺醇为９６ ．４３ ±２ ．１１ ,富马酸酮替芬为９７ ．８１ ±１ ．８９ ,日内、日间精密度均可达到预期的标准     

褶合光谱法同时测定抗敏Ⅰ号中双主药含量

本文应用计算机辅助褶合光谱分析法不经分离同时测定了抗敏Ｉ号中富马酸酮替芬和地塞米松磷酸钠的含量。平均回收率和ＲＳＤ分别为１０１．０１±０．７６％和９９．５１±１．６９％。结果显示,该法具简单、快速、准确等优点,较适合于医院制剂的常规分析。