探析新型冠状病毒肺炎的眼表损害及中西医治疗对策＊

新型冠状病毒肺炎（corona virus disease 2019，COVID-19）自2019年12月爆发以来，由于具有高传染性，迅速在世界各地蔓延，国内外疫情防治形势空前严峻。COVID-19不仅造成肺部、肠道、肾脏等多脏器损害，且部分患者以眼表损害为首发或伴发症状出现，临床上很容易被忽视。COVID-19的眼表损害归属于祖国医学“天行赤眼”范畴，本文结合国内外最新的文献报道，探讨新型冠状病毒（2019 novel corona virus，2019-nCoV）对眼表的损害，阐明其可能机制，并从中西医角度提出可行的治疗措施。     

A process evaluation of implementing a vocational enablement protocol for employees with hearing difficulties in clinical practice

Objective: A multidisciplinary vocational rehabilitation programme, the Vocational Enablement Protocol (VEP) was developed to address the specific needs of employees with hearing difficulties. In the current study we evaluated the process of implementing the VEP in audiologic care among employees with hearing impairment. Design: In conjunction with a randomized controlled trial, we collected and analysed data on seven process parameters: recruitment, reach, fidelity, dose delivered, dose received and implemented, satisfaction, and perceived benefit. Study sample: Sixty-six employees with hearing impairment participated in the VEP. The multidisciplinary team providing the VEP comprised six professionals. Results: The professionals performed the VEP according to the protocol. Of the recommendations delivered by the professionals, 31% were perceived as implemented by the employees. Compliance rate was highest for hearing-aid uptake (51%). Both employees and professionals were highly satisfied with the VEP. Participants rated good perceived benefit from it. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the VEP could be a useful treatment for employees with hearing difficulties from a process evaluation perspective. Implementation research in the audiological setting should be encouraged in order to further provide insight into parameters facilitating or hindering successful implementation of an intervention and to improve its quality and efficacy.     

High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Using 5,000-V Waveforms to Create Reproducible 2- and 4-cm Ablation Zones—A Laboratory Investigation Using Mechanically Perfused Liver

PurposeTo investigate if high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) treatments can be delivered at higher voltages and with greater energy delivery rates than currently implemented in clinical irreversible electroporation protocols.Materials and MethodsTreatments using 3,000 V and 5,000 V were administered to mechanically perfused ex vivo porcine liver via a single applicator and grounding pad (A+GP) as well as a 4-applicator array (4AA). Integrated energized times (IET) 0.01–0.08 seconds and energy delivery rates 25–300 μs/s were investigated. Organs were preserved at 4°C for 10–15 hours before sectioning and gross analysis using a metabolic stain to identify the size and shape of ablation zones.ResultsA+GP ablations measured between 1.6 cm and 2.2 cm, which did not increase when IET was increased from 0.02 seconds to 0.08 seconds (P > .055; range, 1.9–2.1 cm). Changes in tissue color and texture consistent with thermal damage were observed for treatments with energy delivery rates 50–300 μs/s, but not for treatments delivered at 25 μs/s. Use of the 4AA with a 3-cm applicator spacing resulted in ablations measuring 4.4–4.9 cm with energy delivery times of 7–80 minutes.ConclusionsH-FIRE treatments can rapidly and reproducibly create 2-cm ablations using an A+GP configuration. Treatments without thermal injury were produced at the expense of extended treatment times. More rapid treatments resulted in ablations with varying degrees of thermal injury within the H-FIRE ablation zone. Production of 4-cm ablations is possible using a 4AA.     

Evaluation of Training Course Effects on Integrated Sexual and Reproductive Health Counseling

Since the International Conference on Population and Development held in Cairo in 1994, and the Fourth World Conference on Women held in Beijing in 1995, the international organizations and public health communities have paid more attention to reproductiv…     

中西医结合治疗Leriche综合征78例

目的:总结中西医结合治疗Leriche综合征的方案.方法:回顾性总结Leriche综合征的临床治疗78例,均行人工血管主股或主髂动脉转流手术,术后静脉应用低分子右旋糖酐、复方丹参注射液和维脑路通.结果:手术结束后均能触及股动脉和动脉搏动,手术后7 d,患肢缺血症状均得到改善.手术后3月,患肢缺血症状消失,64例阳痿现象得到改善.彩色超声血管吻合口及人工血管内均未见血栓.结论:人工血管主股动脉转流或主髂动脉转流是治疗Leriche综合征较好的手术方案,围手术期合理应用扩血管、祛聚、活血化瘀药物,同时及时处理伴发疾病是提高临床治愈率和提高远期疗效的关键.     

Clinical Study on Long-Term Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis with Integrative Medicine

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中西医结合治疗缺血性脑血管病临床疗效观察

目的 回顾性分析中西医结合治疗缺血性脑血管病的疗效。方法 对126例缺血性脑血管病患者，在早期西医溶栓、抗凝、降低血液粘度、扩张血管和促进脑细胞代谢等治疗基础上，结合中医辩证施治治疗。结果 42例瘫肢肌力恢复达V级；48例肌力≥Ⅳ级，言语流畅；27例生活能基本自理，可依杖散步，肌力≥Ⅲ级：9例与治疗前对比肌力提高Ⅰ～Ⅱ级，但生活仍不能自理。结论 在西药治疗基础上，结合益气活血中药调理可显著提高患者的疗效。     

中西医结合疗法延缓慢性肾功能不全患者急性肾功能减退的临床研究

目的:探讨中医活血化瘀结合西医疗法是否具有延缓慢性肾功能不全患者急性肾功能减退的疗效.方法:回顾性分析未行透析的慢性肾功能不全患者32例,近期肾功能急性进行性减退,血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、肌酐(serum creatinine,SCr)进行性升高.常规治疗基础上,均予以中药保留灌肠30 min,同时加静脉滴注活血化瘀等中西药物治疗14 d.观察治疗前后患者血常规、电解质、肝肾功能以及内生肌酐清除率(creatinine clearance rate,Ccr)的变化.结果:治疗后患者血常规、电解质无明显改变,大多数患者BUN和SCr较治疗前下降,而Ccr升高,总有效率达65.6%.结论:中西医结合疗法可有效逆转慢性肾功能不全患者伴发急性肾功能减退时肾功能的恶化.     

中西医结合要为妇女生殖健康创新页

45年来,复旦大学妇产科医院在中西医结合临床及科研方面取得了可喜的成就.针刺促排卵的研究,通过观察血雌激素和中枢β-内啡肽(β-EP)的关系,提出了针刺通过耗竭中枢β-EP而促排卵的新认识,认为针刺促排卵的主要适应症是青春期月经失调,并将针刺成功地应用于治疗神经性厌食;补肾化痰的俞氏温补方治疗多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS)被证实是通过提高血促卵泡激素(follicle stimulating hormone, FSH)并诱发排卵而起作用;益肾化瘀的天癸方是通过降低患者及动物模型的雄激素和胰岛素,引起以中枢阿片促黑激素皮质素原、神经肽Y和瘦素受体为主的神经-内分泌-代谢网络调节而发挥促排卵和减肥作用,对高胰岛素型PCOS有良效,并在研究中提出了对PCOS分类的新设想;益肾清火的更年春通过提高中枢与周围组织的雌激素受体及其mRNA表达来调节围绝经期妇女的神经-内分泌-免疫-代谢网络而获优越疗效.这些研究表明,疾病是外环境影响下患者生命网络的某些主脉失调所致,而且亚健康状态的妇女具有初步网络失控的现象,中西医结合将为女性生殖医学研究找到捷径,调控生命网络是防病治病的主要思路.     

复方麝香注射液联合脑血肿引流术治疗中老年高血压脑出血疗效观察及费用对比

目的:探讨复方麝香注射液联合微创手术治疗中老年高血压脑出血的临床疗效.方法:将78例接受微创治疗的患者随机分组,两组均采用内科综合治疗.手术对照组在综合治疗基础上加用微创手术进行脑血肿引流;中西医结合组在微创手术治疗后加用复方麝香注射液(10～20 ml/d)静脉滴注1周.结果:中西医结合组显效率(66.67%)、有效率(82.05%)均明显高于手术对照组(46.15%和69.23%,P均<0.05),存活患者日常生活能力也明显优于手术对照组(P<0.05),意识恢复时间明显短于手术对照组(P<0.05),并发症的发生率(15.38%)明显低于手术对照组(38.46%,P<0.01),病死率(5.13%)明显低于手术对照组(10.26%,P<0.01),平均住院天数[(18.29±4.93)d]明显少于手术对照组[(26.23±5.82)d,P<0.05],平均住院费用[(5 916.23±826.39)元]明显少于手术对照组[(8 168.35±1 021.21)元,P<0.05].结论:脑血肿引流术后加用复方麝香注射液治疗中老年高血压脑出血,可降低病死率,减少并发症,降低病残程度,提高生存患者的生活质量,缩短住院时间,降低治疗费用.