基于网络药理学和16SrDNA测序的当归六黄汤合煎与单煎治疗阴虚甲亢作用的差异研究

目的 探讨当归六黄汤的抗阴虚甲亢作用,阐释传统汤剂合煎和单煎的差异。方法 运用网络药理学方法,筛选当归六黄汤的主要活性成分和治疗阴虚甲亢疾病的相关靶点,并对交集靶点进行蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（protein-protein interaction,PPI）网络分析、基因本体（gene ontology,GO）功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）通路富集分析,构建药材-成分-靶点-通路网络;进一步进行实验验证,构建阴虚甲亢大鼠模型,评价当归六黄汤合煎和单煎对阴虚甲亢大鼠体质量、粪便含水率及相关血清学指标的影响;利用16S rDNA测序技术,揭示合煎和单煎对大鼠肠道微生物群落多样性的影响。结果 筛选获得当归六黄汤方中102个活性成分,检索出与阴虚甲亢有关靶点116个。富集分析获得871条GO条目和158条KEGG相关条目（P<0.05）,其中生物过程（biological process,BP）675条、细胞组分（cellular component,CC）77条、分子功能（molecular fu...     

经典名方甘草泻心汤基准样品的量值传递研究

目的 建立经典名方甘草泻心汤（Gancao Xiexin Decoction,GXD）基准样品的HPLC图谱及指标性成分含量测定方法,研究GXD基准样品量值传递规律。方法 制备15批GXD基准样品,建立特征图谱并选用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价》软件进行相似度评价,明确特征峰并对其进行归属。测定指标性成分甘草苷、甘草酸、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀的含量,计算指标成分转移率,分析指标成分在饮片-基准样品中量值传递的规律。结果 15批GXD基准样品指纹图谱相似度均大于0.90,共指认22个共有峰,甘草5个、黄芩5个、甘草和黄芩共有3个、黄连6个、黄芩和黄连共有2个、干姜1个;各指标成分从药材-饮片平均转移率分别为98.69%、98.13%、96.94%、94.59%、91.76%、88.08%、94.16%;饮片-基准样品平均转移率为49.08%、42.24%、28.34%、26.72%、29.32%、33.62%、47.93%。结论 特征图谱与多指标成分含量测定方法相结合,对GXD药材-饮片-基准样品的量值传递过程进行分析研究,为经典名方GXD制剂开发提供参考。     

HPLC-CAD法测定元胡止痛胶囊中生物碱和香豆素

目的建立高效液相色谱法联合二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)法同时测定元胡止痛胶囊中延胡索乙素、盐酸黄连碱、去氢延胡索甲素、延胡索甲素、欧前胡素和异欧前胡素。方法采用HPLC-CAD法,Thermo Hypersil BDS C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈–10 mmol/L甲酸铵(甲酸调pH 4.0),梯度洗脱;体积流量0.8 mL/min;CAD雾化器温度为35℃;柱温35℃;进样量为20μL。结果延胡索乙素、盐酸黄连碱、去氢延胡索甲素、延胡索甲素、欧前胡素和异欧前胡素分别在0.041～1.020、0.013～0.320、0.068～1.700、0.041～1.020、0.101～2.520、0.039～0.980μg与峰面积线性关系良好;平均回收率分别为98.41%、98.89%、98.32%、99.35%、98.05%、98.67%,RSD值分别为0.9%、1.4%、0.7%、1.1%、0.7%、0.9%。结论该方法准确、简便、灵敏度高,可用于元胡止痛胶囊中生物碱和香豆素类多成分的质量控制研究。     

基于特征图谱和网络药理学的经典名方黄连汤质量标志物（Q-Marker）预测分析

目的建立经典名方黄连汤HPLC特征图谱,结合网络药理学,分析预测黄连汤潜在的质量标志物(Q-Marker)。方法建立黄连汤基准样品特征图谱的检测方法,匹配共有峰并进行色谱峰归属;基于文献及特征图谱研究筛选黄连汤活性成分,通过网络药理学建立"成分-靶点-通路"网络,预测黄连汤潜在的Q-Marker。结果黄连汤HPLC特征图谱标定了17个共有峰,经对照品指认出黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱、甘草苷、甘草酸、桂皮醛、6-姜辣素7个色谱峰,18批黄连汤基准样品与其参照图谱(R)的相似度均大于0.95,且17个共有峰均能明确归属到黄连、甘草、干姜、桂枝4味饮片;经网络药理学分析,筛选出黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱、甘草苷、甘草酸、桂皮醛、6-姜辣素7个活性成分,PIK3CA、MAPK3、SRC等30个核心靶点,AGE-RAGE信号通路、T细胞受体信号通路等139条关键通路,表明黄连汤主要通过这些成分、靶点、通路治疗胃肠道相关疾病,初步预测黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱、甘草苷、甘草酸、桂皮醛、6-姜辣素为黄连汤潜在的Q-Marker。结论通过特征图谱和网络药理学分析预测黄连汤中的Q-Marker,所建立的方法操作便捷,结果准确,重复性好,可用于黄连汤的质量控制和评价,为全面控制黄连汤的质量提供依据,为进一步研究黄连汤的作用机制提供参考。     

生物碱和黄酮类成分在泻心汤复方配伍中的含量研究

 目的建立同时测定泻心汤中黄连碱、小檗碱、巴马汀、黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素和汉黄芩素含量的方法,并探索配伍对各成分含量的影响。方法采用C₁₈柱,流动相:甲醇-2%甲酸水溶液(0.1%三乙胺)梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 mL·min^-1;柱温:40℃;检测波长:346 nm;不同配伍之间的差异采用SPSS软件进行方差分析。结果建立了同时测定生物碱和黄酮类成分含量的方法,这7个成分在一定浓度范围内线性关系良好,高、中、低质量浓度加样回收率稳定。与单味黄连、黄芩相比,复方中7个成分含量均降低。大黄使黄连碱、小檗碱、巴马汀、黄芩苷和汉黄芩苷含量降低,使黄芩素和汉黄芩素含量增加;黄连使黄芩素和汉黄芩素的含量降低,使汉黄芩苷含量增加,对黄芩苷影响不大;黄芩使黄连碱、小檗碱和巴马汀的含量降低。结论本法准确可靠,重现性好,结果稳定,适合于泻心汤中生物碱和黄酮类成分的分析。不同配伍对各成分含量有影响,其影响非常复杂。     

心肌炎片中黄连素的HPLC法测定

用ＨＰＬＣ法测定了心肌炎片中黄连素的含量，使用ＲＰ－１８色谱柱，流动相为乙腈－磷酸盐缓冲液（ｐＨ５．２）－甲醇（５：６：１）。对供试品采用超声波振荡提取，再经氧化铝柱层析除杂后的溶液，进样分析。     

Cytotoxic effects of Coptis chinensis and Epimedium sagittatum extracts and their major constituents (berberine, coptisine and icariin) on hepatoma and leukaemia cell growth

1. The present study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of Coptis chinensis and Epimedium sagittatum extracts and their major constituents on hepatoma and leukaemia cells in vitro. 2. Four human liver cancer cell lines, namely HepG2, Hep3B, SK-Hep1 and PLC/PRF/5, and four leukaemia cell lines, namely K562, U937, P3H1 and Raji, were used in the present study. 3. Of the two crude drugs, C. chinensis exhibited the strongest activity against SK-Hep1 (IC50 = 7 microg/mL) and Raji (IC50 = 4 microg/mL) cell lines. The IC50 values for C. chinensis on HepG2, Hep3B and PLC/PRF/5 cell lines were 20, 55 and 35 microg/mL, respectively. The IC50 values for C. chinensis on K562, U937 and P3H1 cell lines were 29, 29 and 31 microg/mL, respectively. 4. With the exception of HepG2 and Hep3B, the E. sagittatum extract inhibited the proliferation of all cell lines (SK-Hep1, PLC/PRF/5, K562, U937, P3H1 and Raji), with IC50 values of 15, 57, 74, 221, 40 and 80 microg/mL, respectively. 5. Interestingly, the two major compounds of C. chinensis, berberine and coptisine, showed a strong inhibition on the proliferation of both hepatoma and leukaemia cell lines, with IC50 values varying from 1.4 to 15.2 microg/mL and from 0.6 to 14.1 microg/mL, respectively. However, icariin (the major compound of E. sagittatum) showed no inhibition of either the hepatoma or leukaemia cell lines. 6. The results of the present study suggest that the C. chinensis extract and its major constituents berberine and coptisine possess active antihepatoma and antileukaemia activities.     

HPLC法测定芩连平胃汤中小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀含量

目的:建立芩连平胃汤中小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀的高效液相色谱测定方法。方法:采用Hypersil ODS2 C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.025 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(50∶50,每100 m L中加十二烷基硫酸钠0.1 g,再以磷酸调节p H为4.0),检测波长为345 nm,流速:1.0 m L/min,柱温:25℃。结果:盐酸小檗碱的进样量在0.238~1.428μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r=0.999 9。结论:该测定方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于芩连平胃汤的质量控制。     

吴茱萸次碱对5种黄连生物碱大鼠体外肝代谢的抑制作用

目的 考察吴茱萸主要成分吴茱萸次碱对黄连中5种生物碱肝代谢的抑制作用,为深入研究黄连吴茱萸药对配伍机制提供依据。方法 采用大鼠体外肝微粒体温孵法,考察吴茱萸次碱对黄连中5种生物碱（黄连碱、表小檗碱、小檗碱、巴马汀和药根碱）肝代谢的抑制作用。结果 吴茱萸次碱对黄连碱、表小檗碱、小檗碱、巴马汀、药根碱均存在体外肝代谢抑制作用,半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）均大于50 μmol/L,表现为体外弱抑制作用;抑制常数（K_i）的差异性具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,抑制作用强弱程度顺序为小檗碱>药根碱>巴马汀>表小檗碱>黄连碱。结论 为了解吴茱萸对黄连生物碱主要作用环节和揭示黄连吴茱萸药对配伍机制提供依据。     

Coptidis rhizoma inhibits growth and proteases of oral bacteria

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of Coptidis Rhizoma (CR), a traditional medicinal plant, on oral bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CR extract was prepared by boiling CR in water for 2 h. Alkaloids contained in CR extract were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antibacterial activity of CR extract was estimated from the lowest concentration that did not permit bacterial growth (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) and the concentrations that inhibited 50% of bacterial proteolytic activity (IC50). RESULTS: CR extract inhibited the growth of Actinomyces naeslundii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans at MIC of 0.031-0.25 mg ml(-1), whereas it had less inhibitory effect (MIC: 0.5-2 mg ml(-1)) on the growth of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus. The major active component of CR extract was berberine (Ber), an alkaloid, and its inhibiting specificity to bacterial growth was similar to that of CR extract. CR extract and Ber were bacteriostatic at the MICs against most of the bacteria, and bacteriocidal at the concentrations higher than the MICs. Ber inhibited the activities of collagenase from P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. CONCLUSION: CR extract and Ber had an inhibitory effect on periodontopathogenic bacteria. These results suggest the possibility of their clinical application for the treatment of periodontal diseases.