微晶纤维素对疏风解毒配方提取物粉末直压性能影响的研究

目的研究微晶纤维素(MCC)对疏风解毒配方提取物粉末(SFJDE)直压性能的影响。探讨压片前粉体的基础物理性质与其功能性质之间的相关性。方法 SFJDE和MCC按照不同比例混合后,分别测定混合粉体物理性质和在不同压力下的压缩参数。采用线性回归和偏最小二乘法(PLS)对粉末基础物理性质和功能性参数进行处理分析。结果 SFJDE中MCC的加入量与粉末的含水量(MC)、松密度(ρb)、孔隙率(ε)等呈现较好的线性关系(r2≥0.991 9),与流动性指标Hausner比(HR)、Carr’s指数(CI)呈现良好的正相关性(r2≥0.8342);表征粉体压缩性的参数压缩比(CR)、屈服应力(Py)逐渐降低,单位有效功(Esp)、参数a逐渐升高;表征粉体成型性参数kA逐渐增大,kB逐渐变小。PLS分析粉体的基本物理性质MC、ρb、振实密度(ρt)、真密度(ρtrue)、中值粒径(D0.5)对这些参数影响最大,而粒径分布(span)、HR、CI对其影响较小,但这3个指标对于表征粉体破碎和重排参数ab和f的影响最大。结论 MCC的增加降低了SFJDE的流动性,提高了SFJDE的压缩和成型能力,在使用的过程中应该要注意其流动性和压力敏感性的影响。     

Graphitized-rGO/Polyimide Aerogel as the Compressible Thermal Interface Material with Both High in-Plane and through-Plane Thermal Conductivities

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogels with a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected network provides continuous heat transport paths in multi-directions. However, the high porosity of rGO aerogels commonly leads to very low thermal conductivity (TC), and defects and grain boundaries of rGO sheets result in a high extent of phonon scattering, which is far from satisfying the requirement of thermal interface materials (TIMs). Here, a compressible graphitized-rGO/polyimide (g-rGO/PI) aerogel was prepared by the ice-template method and “molecular welding” strategy. The regular cellular structure and closely packed cell walls bring the g-rGO/PI aerogel high compressibility, which made the aerogel can maintain the continuous thermal transport paths well even in highly compacted status. The rGO sheets in the cell wall surface are welded up by g-PI during imidization and graphitization treatment, providing efficient channels for phonon transportation in the 3D network. The g-rGO/PI aerogel in a compressive strain of 95% has a high TC in the plane of 172.5 W m⁻¹k⁻¹ and a high TC through the plane of 58.1 W m⁻¹k⁻¹, which is superior to other carbon-based TIMs previously reported.     

Investigation of the Microstructure and Compressibility of Biodegradable Fe-Mn-Cu/W/Co Nanostructured Alloy Powders Synthesized by Mechanical Alloying

In this research work, the nanostructured Fe-Mn (BM0), Fe-Mn-Cu (BM1), Fe-Mn-W (BM2), and Fe-Mn-Co (BM3) biodegradable alloys were successfully synthesized using mechanical alloying. The microstructure of the synthesized alloys was examined using XRD, SEM equipped with EDS, and HRTEM techniques. The results obtained based on these techniques confirmed the development of nanostructured BM0, BM1, BM2, and BM3 alloys and homogenous solid solutions with an even elemental dispersion. The compressibility of the synthesized alloys was investigated experimentally and empirically in the as-milled conditions and after applying a stress relief treatment (150 °C for 1 h). The load applied for compaction experiments ranged from 25–1100 MPa with a rate of 1 mm/min. According to the experimentation performed in the current study, the relative density of the as-milled BM0, BM1, BM2, and BM3 alloys was 72.90% and 71.64%, 72.32%, and 72.03%, respectively. After applying the stress relief treatment, the density was observed to increase to 75.23%, 77.10%, 72.65%, and 72.86% for BM0-S, BM1-S, BM2-S and BM3-S samples, respectively. A number of compaction models were tested to identify the optimum models for predicting the compressibility behavior of nanostructured Fe-Mn, Fe-Mn-Cu, Fe-Mn-W, and Fe-Mn-Co alloys in the as-milled and stress-relieved conditions.     

Heel pad thickness and athletic activity in healthy young adults: a sonographic study

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the sonographic changes of heel fat pad thickness and compressibility index in healthy young adults in relation to level of athletic activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred ten young adults (55 women and 55 men) with a body mass index between 18.5 and 24.9 were divided into 3 groups according to their athletic activity level: group 1, sedentary (n = 50); group 2, athletic activity <7 hours/week (n = 30); and group 3, athletic activity >or=7 hours/week (n = 30). The loaded heel pad thickness (LHPT) and unloaded heel pad thickness (ULHPT) were measured via sonography, and the heel pad compressibility index (HPCI) was calculated. RESULTS: The mean values of ULHPT, LHPT, and HPCI in group 1 were similar to those of group 2 (p > 0.05) and group 3 (p > 0.05). The mean values of ULHPT, LHPT, and HPCI were similar in the left and right feet in the 3 groups (p > 0.05). There was no correlation between level of athletic activity and ULHPT, LHPT, or HPCI. CONCLUSIONS: The heel pad thickness and HPCI of individuals engaging in athletic activity up to an average of 11 hours/week were similar to those of sedentary individuals.     

复方嗜乳酸杆菌片联合标准三联疗法治疗消化性溃疡的疗效分析

目的：探讨单纯胸腰椎压缩性骨折的治疗方法及临床效果。方法：选取本院2010年6月．12月收治的单纯胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者38例,随机分为两组,每组各19例。治疗组采用胸腰部垫枕与功能锻炼相结合的疗法,对照组采用持续床边牵引疗法,对比观察两组病例的临床效果。结果：经过4周的治疗后,治疗组中,显效12例,有效5例,无效2例,总有效率为89．5％;对照组中,显效10例,有效5例,无效4例,总有效率为78．9％,两组比较差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论：在单纯胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者的临床治疗中,胸腰部垫枕与功能锻炼相结合的疗法具有见效快、效果明显的特点,值得临床推广和应用。     

基于QbD理念的黄槐片制备工艺及物理指纹图谱研

目的 基于质量源于设计（QbD）理念对黄槐片进行成型工艺研究,并对颗粒进行质量控制。方法 以黄槐提取物为主药,采用湿法制粒压片,通过单因素实验筛选辅料,考察片的成型率、片质量差异、硬度、脆碎度和崩解时限,从而确定黄槐片的最佳处方及制备工艺。采用物理指纹图谱法对黄槐颗粒各项物理质量属性指标进行综合表征,建立由9个指标（相对均齐度指数、颗粒间空隙率、卡尔指数、松密度、振实密度、干燥失重、吸湿性、豪斯纳比、休止角）构成的颗粒物理指纹图谱,评价不同批次颗粒的质量一致性并对其可压缩性进行分析。结果 黄槐片的最佳处方为黄槐颗粒0.25 g,7%交联羧甲纤维素钠、2%滑石粉,混匀。最佳工艺条件为16目筛制粒,60℃干燥1 h,18目筛整粒。5批黄槐颗粒物理指纹图谱相似度均高于0.983,5批颗粒参数指数均大于0.4,参数轮廓指数在4.82~5.70,良好可压性指数在4.44~5.25。结论 建立的黄槐片制备工艺、处方及中间体颗粒物理质量标准科学合理,工艺稳定可行,为中药复方制剂的研发提供新的思路。     

超级崩解剂对崩解延缓的中药片剂崩解及压缩成型性的影响

目的:考察3种常用的超级崩解剂对崩解延缓的中药片剂崩解及压缩成型性的影响.方法:以苦参水提物粉末为模型药物,以交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPP)、交联羧甲基纤维素钠(CCMC-Na)、羧甲基淀粉钠(CMS)为崩解剡,考察载药量、不同崩解剂及其用量对苦参片剂崩解及压缩成型性的影响,并采用山楂叶醇提物进行验证.结果:当苦参载药...     

中药粉体的物理性质与屈服压力的相关性分析

目的：考察中药粉体物理性质与屈服压力的相关性。方法：利用Heckel方程中屈服压力来表征粉体的可压性。采用多元线性回归分析法考察中药粉体的休止角、崩溃角、平板角、含水量、松密度、振实密度、吸湿性、平均粒径等参数与屈服压力的相关关系。结果：模型药物中屈服压力在52.76~261.64 MPa,其中麦冬、金钱草、五倍子提取物的屈服压力较大,回归方程表明休止角、振实密度、吸湿性、平均粒径与屈服压力呈明显的正相关,崩溃角、平板角、含水量、松密度与屈服压力则呈明显的负相关。结论：中药粉体的物理性质是影响其可压性的重要因素,其中休止角、振实密度、吸湿性和平均粒径对可压性的影响较大。     

经皮椎体成形术治疗15例骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折体会

近年来,国内外文献报导经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折由于创伤小、效果好、并发症少而大量应用于临床。2009-2010年我们采用该手术治疗骨质疏松性骨折15例,疗效满意,现报告如下。     

可压性淀粉作为粉末直接压片辅料的应用

可压性淀粉的试用表明,可在普通压片机上顺利地进行粉末直接压片。其压制片的硬度、崩解时间及片重差异均符合要求,药物的溶出快于普通湿法制粒的片剂。本品可作为粉末直接压片的填充剂和干燥粘合剂。