不同证候的注意缺陷多动障碍患儿多巴胺D2受体基因携带情况检测

注意缺陷多动障碍（ａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｄｅｆｉｃｉｔｈｙｐｅｒｃａｔｉｖｉｔｙｄｉｓｏｎｒｄｒ,ＡＤＨＤ）是常见的儿童行为障碍,目前病因尚未明确,国外近年由于分子生物学方法的介入,发现多巴胺Ｄ２受体ＴａｑＩＡ１等位基因与本病相关,通过对广州市城镇学龄儿童多巴胺Ｄ２受体基因ＴａｑＩＡ多态性的检测,支持Ａ１等位基因与本病的关系（Ｐ＝０．００６５２０）并发现病该基因与中医辨证的“肾虚肝亢”证候关系更为密切     

股方肌骨瓣移植加内固定治疗青壮年股骨颈头下型骨折

股骨颈骨折较常见于老年人。近年来,随着交通意外及工伤事故的增多,青壮年股骨颈骨折有上升的趋势。股骨颈头下型骨折因部位特殊,影响股骨头的血液供应,骨折后股骨头血供不足,易发生股骨头缺血坏死,其发生率一般为20％－40％「‘」,是骨科治疗的难点。青壮年股骨颈...     

Fertility desire and family-planning demand among HIV-positive women and men undergoing antiretroviral treatment in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia

Little information exists about desire to have children and family-planning use among HIV-positive individuals and how this may vary according to individual, social, health and demographic characteristics, especially in developing countries. To assess these topics in Ethiopia, a facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken among 460 HIV-positive individuals receiving follow-up care at antiretroviral treatment (ART) centres in six public hospitals in Addis Ababa in 2006. One hundred and nine of the women (44.7%), 76 of the men (35.2%), and 40.2% overall of the HIV-positive individuals receiving care desired to have children. In comparison to those who said they did not desire to have children, those who did desire children tended to be younger (18–29 years) (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.5–6.4), married or in a relationship (adjusted OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 2.1–5.6), without a child (adjusted OR: 11.5, 95% CI: 5.3–24.9), and with a partner who also desired to have children (adjusted OR: 38.7, 95% CI: 16.7–89.1). Two hundred and forty-six individuals (53.5%) were using family planning (e.g. condoms, abstinence, injectables) and 85 wanted to use family planning in the future. The fertility desire and family-planning needs of these ART clients have implications for preventing vertical and heterosexual transmission of HIV, and the need for appropriate counselling and delivery of services.     

以压迫阻滞针效定位的方法测试人体体表心包经的循行路线

以心功能和心电图为指标,以机械压迫阻滞针效为手段,比较压迫心包经穴位、经线上非穴位点和该穴点两侧对照点对针刺内关穴针效的影响,检测心包经在体表的循行轨迹。结果,压迫经上穴点针后各项指标变化微小,针效显著降低;压迫两侧对照点则对针效无明显影响。两者比较,差异非常显著。证明上肢屈侧确有一条与心包经一致的机能路线,并与心脏机能活动调节密切相关。     

针刺治疗对注意缺陷多动障碍患儿事件相关电位P3的影响

为观察针刺治疗对注意缺陷多功障碍（ADHD）患儿事件相关电位马的影响，通过对40名患儿和20名正常儿童的事件相关电位P3检测，发现在两种注意状态（主动注意、被动注意）下，ADHD患儿P3出现率为68．9％、46．6％，正常儿童为94．3％、35．7％（P＜0．001），提示患儿被动注意强而主动注意较弱。ADHD3亚型间P3出现率亦有差异（P＜0．05）。在两种注意状态下，和正常儿童比较ADHD患儿P3潜伏期较长而波幅较低（P＜0．001）。经3个月针刺治疗后P3潜伏期显著缩短，波幅显著提高（P＜0．001），提示针刺治疗可以促进发育迟缓的患儿大脑神经纤维生长和发育，增加大脑皮层突触数量和质量，从而使可供动员的信息加工的有效资源增加，提高注意水平，特别是主动注意水平；增加了能激活的神经元数量，从而在反映大脑皮层对新型的、重要的与可引起兴趣的感觉输入信息的认识过程指标P3上反映出来。     

Early infections in patients undergoing high-dose treatment with stem cell support: a comparison of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma

Abstract

Background: Infections are life-threatening complications in patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell support (HDT). Knowledge of the infectious pathogens is essential to make a safe outpatient setting.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 208 patients treated with HDT. The population included non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM) patients. No patients received prophylactic antibacterial treatment.

Results: Pathogens were isolated from 44% of all patients. MM patients more frequently had multiple pathogens in blood cultures (38% versus 25%). Transplantation related mortality was similar between the groups.

Conclusion: The frequency of isolated pathogens, positive blood cultures, and the diversity of pathogens were higher in MM patients as compared to NHL patients. However, this did not translate into higher transplantation-related mortality, probably because broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment could be initiated immediately. A safe outpatient setting with prophylactic antibiotic treatment is dependent on continuous collection and registration of microbiological findings.     

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome I: Management through the Use of Vertebral and Sympathetic Trunk Mobilization

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical differential diagnostic process and effective management of an individual presenting with lower-extremity complex regional pain syndrome I (CRPS I). A 50-year-old female 8-weeks status post ORIF right tibia/fibula presented with a warm, red, edematous, hyperhidrotic right lower extremity. She also exhibited hyperalgesia, allodynia, and a positive slump test on the right. The patient satisfied clinical diagnostic criteria for a diagnosis of CRPS I. The subject was treated for 10 sessions over a 3-month period using progressive desensitization, weight-bearing activities, thoracolumbar mobilizations, and a neural mobilization technique referred to as slump long sitting with sympathetic emphasis (SLSSE). An analysis of outcome measures at the time of discharge and at a one-year follow-up demonstrated a significant improvement in both pain and function. Effective management was achieved by addressing both the patient's proximal and distal impairments including thoracolumbar segmental lesions and positive neurodynamic tests. It is speculated that the influence of neural mobilizations to the ipsilateral sympathetic ganglia directly affected the pathophysiology associated with autonomic dysregulation and pain in this subject. This case report provides initial evidence that the SLSSE may be an effective neural mobilization technique in reducing the magnitude of symptoms and improving function in patients with CRPS.     

Comparison of Manual Therapy Techniques with Therapeutic Exercise in the Treatment of Shoulder Impingement: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Clinical Trial

Abstract

The purpose of this double-blind, randomized controlled pilot study was to compare the effectiveness of four physical therapy interventions in the treatment of primary shoulder impingement syndrome: 1) supervised exercise only, 2) supervised exercise with glenohumeral mobilizations, 3) supervised exercise with a mobilization-with-movement (MWM) technique, or 4) a control group receiving only physician advice. Thirty-three subjects diagnosed with primary shoulder impingement were randomly assigned to one of these four groups. Main outcome measures included 24-hour pain (VAS), pain with the Neer and Hawkins-Kennedy tests, shoulder active range of motion (AROM), and shoulder function (SPADI). Repeated-measures analyses indicated significant decreases in pain, improved function, and increases in AROM. Univariate analyses on the percentage of change from pre- to post-treatment for each dependent variable found no statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between the four groups. Although not significant, the MWM and mobilization groups had a higher percentage of change from pre- to post-treatment on all three pain measures (VAS, Neer, Hawkins-Kennedy). The three intervention groups had a higher percentage of change on the SPADI. The MWM group had the highest percentage of change in AROM, and the mobilization group had the lowest. This pilot study suggests that performing glenohumeral mobilizations and MWM in combination with a supervised exercise program may result in a greater decrease in pain and improved function although studies with larger samples and discriminant sampling methods are needed.     

注意缺陷多动障碍血儿茶酚胺与中医证候的关系分析

【目的】 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD)患儿血儿茶酚胺水平及其与中医辨证分型的关系。【方法】采用高效液相色谱—电化学检测法 ,测定 80例ADHD患儿和 32例正常儿童的血浆去甲肾上腺素 (NE)、肾上腺素 (E)的浓度。【结果】ADHD患儿血浆NE、E水平高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;中医辨证肾虚肝亢组NE、E水平与心脾两虚组间无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5)。【结论】血浆NE、E水平之改变可能与ADHD患儿活动过多、冲动任性等临床症状的形成有关 ,而中医辨证肾虚肝亢证是否有交感神经兴奋的神经生化基础 ,有待进一步探讨。