The emergence of coryneform bacteria as a cause of nosocomial infections in compromised hosts

Corynebacterium species that are normally abundant on the skin and mucous membranes rarely cause infections and are susceptible to most antibiotics. The report in 1976 of four cases of sepsis at the National Institutes of Health caused by a hitherto undescribed Corynebacterium that is highly antibiotic resistant, but uniformly susceptible to vancomycin, alerted the medically oriented scientific community to the emergence of these organisms as a possible new cause of nosocomial infections. Although we have always performed antibiotic susceptibility tests on all microorganisms recovered from normally sterile body fluids, our first recovery of these organisms was in August 1977. Since then we have recovered 52 such strains from 39 patients, most frequently from the rectum, followed by the groin, blood, lesions and urine in order of predominance. Characterization by API 50 L strips revealed that most, but not all strains resemble the JK group of Riley et al. [1]. Cell wall studies and DNA base ratios further confirmed their status as corynebacteria. Hospital acquisition has been proved; cross infection between patients is the most likely mode of spread. Their recognition is necessary for optimal preventive and therapeutic care of patients with compromised host defenses.     

黄瓜香对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用

目的 观察黄瓜香（VDG）对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用.方法 建立异丙肾上腺素（ISO）致急性心肌缺血模型,测定大鼠Ⅱ导联心电图变化,采用TTC染色法测定心肌梗死区,分光光度计测定血清肌酸激酶（CK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）含量,计算心肌含水量（MWC）及心肌指数（MI）.结果 黄瓜香可降低异丙肾上腺素引起的急性心肌缺血模型大鼠的血清CK、LDH活力,MI及MWC分别降低29.3%和10.8%,减小心肌梗死范围16.0%（P＜0.05）.结论 黄瓜香对大鼠急性心肌缺血具有一定的保护作用.     

黄瓜香含药血清对K562白血病细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:观察黄瓜香含药血清在体外对K562白血病细胞增殖及凋亡的影响.方法:采用血清药理学方法制备黄瓜香含药血清,以不同浓度的含药血清处理体外培养的K562白血病细胞,采用MTT比色法观察黄瓜香含药血清对K562细胞增殖的影响,采用wright-Giemsa染色观察肿瘤细胞形态学变化.采用caspase-3活性检测试剂盒检测K562细胞内caspase-3的酶活力水平.结果:不同浓度黄瓜香含药血清对K562细胞增殖具有抑制作用,并呈剂童依赖关系.高剂量黄瓜香含药血清对K562细胞形态学有明显的影响.在黄瓜香含药血清处理K562细胞24 h后,caspase-3活性均显著增加,随黄瓜香含药血清浓度的升高呈现较好的剂量依赖性.结论:黄瓜香含药血清具有抑制K562白血病细胞增殖及诱导凋亡的作用,其作用强度与时间一浓度呈正相关.其作用机理可能与其直接细胞毒作用及提高caspage-3酶的活性有关.     

HPLC法测定紫花地丁中槲皮素、芹菜素、木犀草素含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定紫花地丁中槲皮素、芹菜素和木犀草素的含量测定方法。方法:采用HPLC法对紫花地丁中的槲皮素、芹菜素、木犀草素进行含量测定。色谱条件为:C18柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm),柱温30℃,流动相为乙腈-甲醇-0.2%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱,流速0.8 mL.min-1,检测波长350 nm。结果:槲皮素、芹菜素和木犀草素色谱分离良好,浓度与峰面积呈良好线性关系,线性范围分别为槲皮素7.5~90.0 mg.L-1,r=0.999 9(n=6);芹菜素7.5~180.0 mg.L-1,r=0.999 8(n=6),木犀草素2.5~55.0 mg.L-1,r=0.999 9(n=6)。平均加样回收率分别为95.1%(n=9,RSD=1.0%)、95.7%(n=9,RSD=1.2%)、97.8%(n=9,RSD=0.7%)。结论:本方法测定了5批紫花地丁的槲皮素、芹菜素和木犀草素的含量,该方法分离度好、快速、简便、重现性好。     

HPLC法测定维吾尔药天山堇菜中七叶内酯的含量

目的:建立测定维吾尔药天山堇菜中七叶内酯含量方法。方法:采用HPLC法,色谱柱为VP-ODS(150mm×4.6 mm),流动相:甲醇-0.1％磷酸(17:83),流速1.0ml/min,检测波长349nm,柱温25℃。结果:维吾尔药天山堇菜中七叶内酯的平均含量为0.09％,平均加样回收率为99.35％,RSD为2.16％。结论:HPLC测定维吾尔药天山堇菜中七叶内酯的含量方法简单、准确,重现性好。     

《滇南本草》所载地丁的本草考证

以云南地区本草专著《滇南本草》为依据，对云南不同品种地丁的名称不来源，分布、性味、功效等进行了考证。     

Matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression inhibitory compound from the whole plants of Viola ibukiana Makino

Bioassay-guided fractionation has led to the isolation of two triterpenoid saponins 3-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl] oleanolic acid (1), and 3-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl] oleanolic acid (2) from the whole plants of Viola ibukiana Makino. Compound 2 showed matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression inhibition activities in a dose-dependent manner.     

黄瓜香水提物对大鼠亚急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:研究黄瓜香水提物对大鼠亚急性肝损伤的保护作用.方法:将48只SD大鼠随机分为6组,即空白组,模型组,对照组及药物治疗组(高、中、低剂量治疗组).采用四氯化碳加乙醇复制亚急性肝损伤模型,以血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及肝匀浆中的丙二醛(MDA)及超氧化物歧化酶(SO...     

针捕集法、静态顶空法和水蒸气蒸馏法结合GC-MS对紫花地丁挥发性成分的比较

目的:系统研究紫花地丁的挥发性成分,并比较针捕集法、静态顶空法和水蒸气蒸馏法在紫花地丁挥发性成分分析上的异同。方法:采用针捕集法、静态顶空法和水蒸气蒸馏法并结合GC-MS分别对紫花地丁的挥发性成分进行了分离和鉴定研究,首次使用填充了Tenax,Carbopack X和Carboxen 1000共3种吸附剂的捕集针,采用峰面积归一化法确定各成分的相对质量分数。结果:采用针捕集法从紫花地丁中共鉴定出挥发性成分112个,主要为中等挥发性的成分,以脂肪醛、酮、醇、单萜、倍半萜和芳香族类化合物为主。采用静态顶空法共从中鉴定出挥发性成分37个,主要为高挥发性成分;采用水蒸气蒸馏法共从中鉴定出挥发性成分78个,主要为低挥发性成分。采用这3种方法检出的共有挥发性成分只有13种。结论:该研究将为全面分析中药挥发性成分提供了新的研究方法,相对于静态顶空法和传统的水蒸气蒸馏法,针捕集法具有分析速度快、操作简单、富集效果好和灵敏度高等特点。这3种方法在分析挥发性成分类型上是互补的,不能相互替代。