生三七对肝纤维化小鼠血液流变学的影响

目的:观察生三七对肝纤维化小鼠血液流变学的影响。方法:复制小鼠中毒性肝纤维化模型,生三七粉灌胃6周,检测全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积等血液流变学参数,并行肝脏病理组织切片检测。结果:与空白对照组比较,肝纤维化模型组小鼠全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积明显增高(P<0.05,P<0.01),生三七治疗后小鼠全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);肝脏病理组织切片显示使用生三七后,肝纤维化程度有明显改善。结论:生三七可降低血液粘度,延缓肝纤维化的发展。     

大豆膳食纤维对面团流变性质的影响

将豆腐生产的下脚料豆渣在挤压前后添加到面粉中，对面粉粉质和面团拉伸性质所受影响进行了研究。     

大豆异黄酮对大鼠慢性移植肾肾病的防治作用

目的通过对肾移植大鼠的饮食营养干预，观察大豆异黄酮对慢性移植肾肾病的防治作用。方法选择近交系雄性Fisher（F344）大鼠作为供者，雄性Lewis（Lew）大鼠作为受者，采用显微外科技术制作肾移植模型。将受者随机分为三组，分别给予高异黄酮大豆蛋白饲料（HIS组）、低异黄酮大豆蛋白饲料（LIS组）或酪蛋白饲料（CAS组）。移植前和移植后第4、12和24周时检测血压，并收集受者的血和尿样，检测尿蛋白和血肌酐含量。24周时处死大鼠获取移植肾，行组织学和免疫组织化学检查。结果在移植后4周时，HIS组受者的尾动脉收缩压、24h尿蛋白含量和血肌酐浓度即低于LIS组和CAS组，但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；移植后12周和24周时，HIS组的受者尾动脉收缩压、24h尿蛋白含量和血肌酐浓度均较LIS组和CAS组显著降低（P〈0．05）；移植后24周时，HIS组移植肾组织的间质纤维化和炎症、血管硬化、肾小球硬化和肾小管萎缩等慢性病变均较LIS组和CAS组为轻（P〈0．05）；HIS组移植肾组织中转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）的表达和分泌均较LIS组和CAS组为少（P〈0．05）。结论大豆异黄酮对移植肾功能和结构有保护作用，可作为一种防治慢性移植肾肾病的新方法。     

Evolutionary changes in the structures of the cox2 and atp6 loci in the mitochondrial genome of soybean involving recombination across small interspersed sequences

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragments that contained cox2 or atp6 loci were cloned from three accessions of wild soybean (Glycine soja) in order to understand the evolutionary changes of mitochondrial genomes in the genus Glycine subgenus Soja. Cox2 was cloned as a single configuration, while atp6 was cloned as either one or two configurations from each accession. Structural variations were detected in the 5′ upstream region of cox2 and in both the 5′ upstream and 3′ downstream regions of atp6. These variations appeared to be the results of recombination events. A comparison of the mtDNA fragments previously cloned from a cultivated soybean (G. max) and a wild soybean revealed various sites of recombination, as well as various combinations of the 5′ and 3′ regions, at the cox2 and atp6 loci. Some of the cloned fragments were found to contain a set of repeated sequences, namely 299-bp and 23-bp repeats in the 5′ region of cox2 or atp6, which were interspersed in the mitochondrial genome in the subgenus Soja. Recombination events involving the 299-bp or 23-bp repeated sequences were shown to account for the generation of structural variations in the 5′ regions of these loci. Received: 21 March / 4 August 1998     

The Binding of Different Lectins on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Chronic Inflammatory and Malignant Diseases

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with multiple myeloma, gastrointestinal tumors, and inflammatory bowel disease were analyzed for binding of various lectins. The results demonstrated that in most of the patients with multiple myeloma a significantly increased percentage of cells positive for Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin (LTA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and a decreased number of Agaricus bisporus agglutinin (ABA) positive cells were present as compared to a normal control group. This could not be shown in malignant or inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract where only some patients exhibited an increased PNA and LTA binding, respectively. Patients with the systemic malignant disease differed from patients with solid localized tumors by a significantly altered number of ABA, LTA and SBA-positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Double fluorescence studies using monoclonal antibodies and lectins revealed that most of the cells expressing receptors for ABA had also receptors for OKT3, whereas most of the cells with receptors for LTA, PNA SBA, and WGA were found to be positive for OKM.     

大豆异黄酮与锌离子的螯合作用研究

大豆异黄酮是近年来被广泛关注的保健产品,具有多种生物活性。实验采取大孔树脂法提纯,得到纯度为28.3%的大豆异黄酮产品,考察了大豆异黄酮与锌离子的螯合条件。实验结果表明:室温下pH值为5~6时螯合率较高,全螯合时大豆异黄酮与锌离子的质量比为4.27∶1。     

三羟异黄酮保护内毒素诱导急性肺损伤实验研究

目的探讨三羟异黄酮对内毒素(LPS)诱导急性肺损伤(ALI)的保护作用及作用机制。方法将32只大鼠随机分为4组(每组8只):生理盐水组(S组)、三羟异黄酮组(G组)、LPS组(L组)和三羟异黄酮预处理组(G L组)。LPS刺激后,观察6 h。以肺湿干重比(W/D)和支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)蛋白含量作为肺损伤的指标。通过检测髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性及BALF中细胞学分析来评估中性粒细胞的聚集和活性。采用RT-PCR,检测ICAM-1mRNA在肺组织表达的变化。肺组织经HE染色后,观察组织病理学上的改变。结果L组大鼠BALF总蛋白和W/D都较对照组明显升高(P<0.01);同S组比较,在G L组LPS导致了BALF、肺组织匀浆MPO活性及BALF中PMN数目显著增加(P<0.01);L组大鼠肺组织中ICAM-1mRNA表达水平显著高于S组(P<0.01)。预先给予三羟异黄酮可以非常显著抑制LPS引起这些指标的改变(P<0.05或0.01)。三羟异黄酮预处理也改善了LPS所致肺组织形态学上严重的损伤。上述所有参数在G组与S组间差异无统计学意义。结论三羟异黄酮预处理能够减轻LPS诱导的大鼠急性肺损伤。这种效果可能与其下调ICAM-1的表达而抑制PMN在肺组织的聚集、激活有关。     

大豆卵磷脂对酒精性肝损伤保护作用实验研究

目的：研究大豆卵磷脂对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：将动物随机分成阴性对照组、肝损伤阳性对照组及低、中、高三个剂量组，剂量组每天灌胃给予大豆卵磷脂。30天后，肝损伤阳性组及剂量组一次灌胃给予50％乙醇12ml／kg，禁食12小时处死动物，取动物肝脏，测定肝匀浆液MDA、GSH—PX、TG量，肝脏冰冻切片，苏丹Ⅲ染色后，进行病理组织学检查。结果：与肝损伤阳性组比较，低、高剂量组的MDA含量降低，各剂量组的GSH—PX含量升高，各剂量组冰冻病理学组织切片观察到脂肪变性评分低于肝损伤阳性组，差异均有显著性。结论：大豆卵磷脂对酒精性肝损伤具有保护作用。     

Soy,Soy Isoflavones,and Protein Intake in Relation to Mortality from All Causes,Cancers, and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

ObjectiveWe conducted a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies to summarize findings on the associations between intakes of soy, soy isoflavones, and soy protein and risk of mortality from all causes, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases.MethodsOnline databases were systematically searched to identify relevant articles published earlier than May 2018. We applied restricted cubic splines using random-effects analysis to assess dose–response associations. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed by I² value and Cochrane Q test. Potential publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots and Begg regression test.ResultsIn total, 23 prospective studies with an overall sample size of 330,826 participants were included in the current systematic review and the meta-analysis. Soy/soy products consumption was inversely associated with deaths from cancers (pooled relative risk 0.88, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.99; P=0.03; I²=47.1%, 95% CI 0.0% to 75.4%) and cardiovascular diseases (pooled effect size: 0.85, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.99; P=0.04; I²=50.0%, 95% CI 0.0% to 77.6%). Such significant associations were also observed for all-cause mortality in some subgroups of the included studies, particularly those with higher quality. In addition, higher intake of soy was associated with decreased risk of mortality from gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers as well as ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Participants in the highest category of dietary soy isoflavones intake had a 10% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with those in the lowest category. We also found that a 10-mg/day increase in intake of soy isoflavones was associated with 7% and 9% decreased risk of mortality from all cancers and also breast cancer respectively. Furthermore, a 12% reduction in breast cancer death was indicated for each 5-g/day increase in consumption of soy protein. However, intake of soy protein was not significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular diseases mortality.ConclusionsSoy and its isoflavones may favorably influence risk of mortality. In addition, soy protein intake was associated with a decreased risk in the mortality of breast cancer. Our findings may support the current recommendations to increase intake of soy for greater longevity.     

Identification of potential bioactive peptides generated by simulated gastrointestinal digestion of soybean seeds and soy milk proteins

In this work, the bioactive peptides produced during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of soybean seeds and soy milk were investigated. The analysis was performed on extracted protein samples from soybean seeds and milk or directly on untreated soy milk. Proteins samples were subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and then analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for peptide sequencing. The identified peptides were 1173 in soybean seed samples, 1364 in untreated soy milk samples and 1422 in soy milk samples in which proteins were extracted by precipitation. The peptide identifications were then employed to search specific databases and look for the presence of bioactive peptides in the investigated samples, either with known biological activity or with potential antimicrobial activity. Results pointed out that soybean proteins underwent an extensive degradation process during gastrointestinal digestion and generated a large number of bioactive peptides, some with established activity, some with predicted antimicrobial activity. Finally, the supernatants collected after protein precipitation with acetone from both soybean seeds and soy milk were also analyzed to evaluate the presence of peptides produced by the action of endogenous proteases. Likely, peptides found in soy milk samples could be formed during food processing.