Matrine,oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities

In the present review, we updated current information on the chemistry, contents, and anticancer properties of matrine (MT), oxymatrine (OMT), and compound Kushen injection (CKI). The anticancer properties were focused on lung, breast, and liver cancer cells because they are most susceptible. Sources of information were from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Reference was also made on botanical websites, such as Flora of China and World Flora Online. MT and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens (Kushen) of the family Fabaceae. Against lung, breast, and liver cancer cells, MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation; induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; restrict angiogenesis; and inhibit cell metastasis, invasion, and migration. The processes involve various molecular targets and signaling pathways. CKI is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of root extracts of S. flavescens and Smilax glabra (Baituling) of the family Smilacaceae. With MT and OMT as major components, CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years ago. In recent years, systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of CKI. When CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine, there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated efficacy. Some perspectives of MT, OMT, and CKI are discussed, and their suggestions for future research are provided.     

女贞药用价值及其相关上市药品的研究进展

女贞Ligustrum lucidum是木犀科女贞属药用植物,其果实、叶、花等部位均可作为药用。女贞不同药用部位及单体成分具有多种功效,现已开发为多种制剂,既有中药单方制剂,也有以单体成分为主的化学药。大量研究表明,女贞相关药品被广泛用于治疗消化系统、免疫系统等疾病,且临床效果较好。通过对女贞不同药用部位的化学成分、临床应用及药理作用、女贞相关上市药品的工艺与质量、临床应用及基础研究进行综述,进而探讨女贞的潜在应用价值和开发前景,为女贞的综合开发与利用提供一定的参考。     

槐角的避孕成分研究(Ⅱ)——化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的分离和鉴定

本文报道从槐角中分离到的化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的鉴定。经紫外、核磁共振光谱分析及物理化学常数的测定,证明化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ分别为山萘酚-3-槐糖甙、染料木素-7-双葡萄糖甙、山萘酚-3-鼠李糖-双葡萄糖甙和染料木素-7-双葡萄糖-鼠李糖甙。这些甙水解后的甙元山萘酚和染料木素对小鼠具有抗生育活性。     

中药山豆根的形态组织学研究

对目前国内作山豆根用的9种不同植物来源的生药进行了形态组织学的比较研究,观察并描述了它们的生药性状和组织构造,并列出了生药的分种检索表。     

龙爪槐花中芦丁的薄层及紫外光谱鉴别

目的：对龙爪槐花中的芦丁进行定性鉴别。方法：采集不同花期龙爪槐的花，提取后用薄层层析法及紫外分光光度法进行芦丁的定性鉴别。结果：龙爪槐花中含有有效成分芦丁。结论：龙爪槐花可作为开发芦丁新的药源植物。     

Effects of Ethanol Extract of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis on Activity of Colon Cancer HT29 Cells

This paper mainly studied the inhibitory effect of total ethanol extract of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis on proliferation of colon cancer HT29 cells. By reflux extraction method and with ethanol as extraction solvent, different extracts were obtained at different ethanol concentrations, different solid-liquid ratios, and at different times. And their inhibitory activities against HT29 cells were compared using MTT assay. The experimental results showed that the extraction processes under three conditions can all draw relatively high inhibition rates. The optimum ethanol extraction process conditions were as follows: a solid-liquid ratio of 1:9, 80 min of heat reflux extraction with 95% ethanol.     

苦参炭薄层色谱鉴别研究

目的：研究苦参炭的薄层色谱鉴别。方法选用甲苯-丙酮-甲醇（8：3：1.5）为展开剂,浓氨水饱和,碘化铋钾试液为显色剂,以苦参碱、槐定碱、氧化苦参碱为对照品进行薄层鉴别。结果选用甲苯-丙酮-甲醇（8：3：1.5）为展开剂,碘化铋钾试液为显色剂进行薄层鉴别,色谱斑点清晰,能有效提供鉴别特征。结论方法可行,为建立完整、科学的苦参炭质量标准提供了参考依据。     

正交试验优化苦豆子多糖的双氧水脱色工艺研究

目的：优化苦豆子多糖的脱色条件。方法以多糖脱色率和多糖保留率为指标,考察双氧水（H2O2）对苦豆子多糖溶液的脱色效果。通过单因素试验考察H2O2脱色方法中双氧水加入量、脱色时间、脱色温度和pH值对苦豆子多糖脱色效果的影响,进一步采用正交试验确定苦豆子多糖脱色的最佳条件。结果 H2O2对苦豆子多糖最佳脱色条件为脱色温度60℃,调节pH 5,加入1.0%的H2O2,脱色反应3 h。在此条件下经验证,多糖脱色率和多糖保留率可分别达到29.83%、71.12%。结论 H2O2脱色具有较好的脱色效果,可为生产出高品质的苦豆子多糖提供依据。     

槐白皮水提物对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫作用

目的 探讨槐白皮水提物对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法 昆明小鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,香菇多糖组和槐白皮水提物低、中、高剂量组,除正常组外,其余各组连续3 d腹腔注射环磷酰胺复制免疫抑制模型。造模后连续灌胃给药14 d,血细胞计数仪测定小鼠外周血白细胞数目、称量并计算免疫器官系数、MTT法测定脾淋巴细胞增殖和NK细胞活性,ELISA检测血清IL-2、IFN-γ和TNF-α水平。结果 槐白皮水提物中、高剂量组明显提高免疫抑制小鼠的外周血白细胞水平和免疫器官系数,显著增加LPS诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖,显著增强脾NK细胞活性,提高免疫抑制小鼠血清IL-2、IFN-γ水平;槐白皮水提物高剂量组明显提高ConA诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖,显著提高免疫抑制小鼠血清TNF-α水平。结论 槐白皮水提物可以提高免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能。