IDENTIFICATION OF PFRIODIC COMPONENTS IN PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS

Baseline diastolic blood pressure measurements made on a single subject for 120 consecutive days were utilized to demonstrate the use of autocorrelation techniques for the identification of cycles of one or more periods present in the data. Provided only a single period is present, averaging techniques using this period as the base may be used to smooth the data. However, few physiological variables cycle so simply. Smoothing not only may introduce spurious cycles, but it also eliminates much non-random (and, therefore, meaningful) variance.     

五个疏肝复方对胃肠运动功能影响的比较研究

目的：观察五个疏肝复方对小鼠胃排空、小肠推进及大鼠肠收缩幅度和频率的影响，以探明五个疏肝复方有无促胃肠动力作用。方法：通过正常小鼠胃内葡聚糖蓝-2000残留量、小肠内葡聚糖蓝-2000推进率来研究五个疏肝复方时小鼠胃排空、小肠推进的影响；采用正常大鼠肠道气囊法，记录五个疏肝复方对正常大鼠肠收缩幅度和频率的影响。结果：除逍遥散组外，其余4组与阳性对照组小鼠胃内色素残留量显著降低。小肠推进率明显增高；大鼠肠收缩频率加快。收缩波幅升高，与空白对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论：除逍遥散外，其余4个疏肝复方可以加快胃排卒，促进小肠推进，并增加肠收缩幅度与频率。     

Application of Semiparametric Mixed Models and Simultaneous Confidence Bands in a Cardiovascular Safety Experiment with Longitudinal Data

Several pharmacological studies involve experiments aimed at testing for a difference between experimental groups wherein the data are longitudinal in nature, frequently with long sequences per subject. Oftentimes, treatment effect, if present, is not constant over time. In such situations, imposing a parametric mean structure can be too complicated and/or restrictive. A more flexible approach is to model the mean using a semiparametric smooth function, estimated using, for example, penalized smoothing splines. We formulate a series of models exhibiting how the group-specific mean profiles could possibly differ. Once an appropriate model is chosen, interest lies in identifying specific time points where the groups differ. For this purpose, we propose the use of simultaneous confidence bands around the fitted models wherein the bands take into account within and between-subject variability, as well as variability arising from smoothing.     

柴疏四君汤对肝郁、脾虚和肝郁脾虚模型大鼠性腺轴的影响

目的探查肝郁、脾虚、肝郁脾虚证模型大鼠性腺功能的变化和柴疏四君汤对其影响。方法大鼠按照随机数字表法分为正常对照、肝郁模型、肝郁给药、脾虚模型、脾虚给药、肝郁脾虚模型、肝郁脾虚给药组,共7组,每组10只。肝郁模型、脾虚模型、肝郁脾虚模型组及各相应给药组大鼠分别采用慢性束缚、饮食失节＋过度疲劳、慢性束缚＋饮食失节＋过度疲劳的方法,连续造模4周。于造模第15天,各给药组分别予柴疏四君汤3.57 g/（kg·d）灌胃,各模型组和正常对照组给予等量蒸馏水,连续14天。检测各组大鼠血中的促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）、促卵泡刺激素（FSH）、促黄体生成素（LH）、雌二醇（E2）、睾酮（T）。结果与正常对照组比较,肝郁、脾虚及肝郁脾虚模型组GnRH、T、E2、FSH差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）,肝郁模型组LH升高（P〈0.05）,肝郁脾虚模型组LH降低（P〈0.01）。与肝郁模型组比较,脾虚模型组T、FSH、LH降低,E2升高（P〈0.05）,肝郁脾虚模型组FSH和LH亦降低（P〈0.05）;与脾虚模型组比较,肝郁脾虚模型组T升高（P〈0.05）,FSH降低（P〈0.05）。分别与相应模型组比较,肝郁给药组FSH降低（P〈0.01）和LH升高（P〈0.05）,脾虚给药组T升高,E2和LH 降低（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）,肝郁脾虚给药组T降低（P〈0.01）,GnRH、E2、FSH、LH升高（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）。结论中医肝郁、脾虚、肝郁脾虚3证模型均存在不同程度的性腺轴功能异常。柴疏四君汤对3证均有不同程度的调节作用,其中对肝郁脾虚证的性腺轴功能具有较为全面的改善作用。该结果为中医疏肝健脾方与肝郁脾虚证具有较高的关联性提供了一定的实验证据。     

通督热针法与捻转补法治疗早期强直性脊柱炎对比研究

目的比较通督热针法与捻转补法治疗早期强直性脊柱炎的临床效果。方法选取在我院就诊的早期强直性脊柱炎患者76例,随机分为两组各38例。对照组实施捻转补法治疗,观察组采用通督热针法治疗,比较两组巴氏强直性脊柱炎疾病活动指数(BASDAI)、巴氏强直性脊柱炎功能指数(BASFI)评分及疗效。结果治疗前,两组患者BASDAI和BASFI评分比较,差异不显著(P0.05);治疗后,观察组BASDAI和BASFI评分均明显低于对照组,差异显著(P0.05);观察组治疗效果较对照组明显提高,差异显著(P0.05)。结论与捻转补法治疗比较,通督热针法可提高早期强直性脊柱炎患者治疗效果,改善患者症状。     

利胆和胃方辅治慢性胆囊炎疗效观察

目的:观察利胆和胃方治疗慢性胆囊炎(CC)的疗效.方法:74例随机数字表法分为两组各37例.两组均用西药治疗,观察组加用利胆和胃方治疗.结果:治疗6个月,两组中医证候各项积分及总分低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗6个月,观察组胆壁厚度、胆囊容积小于对照组,胆囊收缩率高于对照...     

经前期综合征肝气郁证大鼠海马雌激素受体α和β研究

目的研究经前期综合征（premenstrual syndrome,PMS）肝气郁证大鼠海马雌激素受体（estrogenreceptor,ER）α和β分布模式、蛋白表达和功能活性的改变情况以及调肝方药经前舒颗粒的相应作用靶点,为深入探索PMS肝气郁证病机和经前舒颗粒的作用机制提供线索。方法将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和给药组,每组7只。模型组和给药组采用居住入侵法进行造模。给药组大鼠造模同时给予经前舒颗粒10 mL/kg灌胃;模型组和正常组大鼠给予同等体积灭菌水灌胃,均每天1次,连续5天。运用免疫组织化学法、Western blot和葡聚糖-活性炭单点测定法分别检测各组大鼠海马中ERα和ERβ定位、蛋白水平及与雌激素的结合活性。结果各组大鼠海马中ERα和ERβ分布无明显差异;海马整体及CA1、CA3区内ERα和ERβ蛋白水平以及与雌激素结合活性方面,模型组较正常组均明显升高（P〈0.05）,给药组较模型组则明显下降（P〈0.05）。结论海马高雌激素水平及ERα、ERβ表达和活性增强可能是PMS肝气郁证的重要病机和经前舒颗粒的作用靶点。     

Estimation and model selection in constrained deconvolution

We analyze in detail the estimation problem associated with the following problem. Givenn noisy measurements (y _i ,i=1, ...,n) of the response of a system to an input (A(t) wheret indicates time), obtain an estimate ofA(t) given a knownK(t) (the unit impulse response function of the system) under the model:

High-Dimensional Smoothing Splines and Application in Alzheimer’s Disease Prediction Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

Recent evidence has shown that structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an effective tool for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prediction. While traditional MRI-based prediction uses images acquired at a single time point, a longitudinal study is more sensitive and accurate in detecting early pathological changes of the AD. Two main statistical difficulties arise in the longitudinal MRI-based analysis: (i) the inconsistent longitudinal scans among subjects (i.e., the different scanning time and the different total number of scans); (ii) the heterogeneous progressions of high-dimensional regions of interest (ROIs) in MRI. In this work, we propose a new feature selection and estimation method which can be applied to extract AD-related features from the heterogeneous longitudinal MRI. A key ingredient of our approach is a hybrid of the smoothing splines and the l₁-penalty. Smoothing splines can integrate information from heterogeneous progressions of ROIs and adapt to inconsistent scans of MRIs. The selection property of the l₁-penalty helps to select important ROIs related to AD. We introduce an efficient algorithm to perform the proposed method. Real data experiments on the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database are provided to corroborate some advantages of the proposed method for AD prediction in longitudinal studies.     

经前平颗粒对经前期综合征肝气逆证大鼠脑μ阿片受体mRNA及蛋白表达的影响

目的 观察经前平颗粒对经前期综合征(premenstrual syndrome, PMS)肝气逆证大鼠脑顶区皮质、额区皮质、下丘脑、海马μ阿片受体(μ opioid receptor, MOR) mRNA及蛋白的表达的影响。方法 取20只大鼠制备PMS肝气逆证大鼠模型。造模后大鼠分为模型组、中药组,每组10只。另选取10只大鼠作为正常对照组(正常组)。造模同时,中药组大鼠给予经前平颗粒 (1.6 g/kg) 灌胃,正常组和模型组大鼠给予等体积生理盐水(1 mL/100 g)灌胃,每天1次,连续5天。采用RT-PCR和Western blot法分别检测大鼠顶区皮质、额区皮质、下丘脑和海马MOR mRNA及蛋白表达。结果 与正常组比较,模型组大鼠顶区皮质、额区皮质MOR mRNA及蛋白扩增产物电泳条带相对较弱,光密度值降低,顶区皮质、额区皮质MOR mRNA及蛋白相对表达降低;下丘脑、海马MOR mRNA及蛋白电泳条带相对较强,光密度值升高;下丘脑、海马MOR mRNA及蛋白相对表达升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01, P<0.05)。与模型组比较,中药组大鼠顶区皮质、额区皮质MOR mRNA及蛋白扩增产物电泳条带增强,顶区皮质MOR mRNA表达升高,顶区皮质和额区皮质MOR蛋白相对表达升高;下丘脑和海马MOR mRNA及蛋白电泳条带亮度减弱,下丘脑和海马MOR mRNA相对表达降低,海马MOR蛋白相对表达降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01, P<0.05)。结论 MOR在PMS肝气逆证大鼠不同脑区呈现特异性表达,经前平颗粒表现出相应调节作用。