小叶石楠的化学成分研究

目的 研究小叶石楠茎的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶色谱法分离纯化，薄层色谱及波谱法进行结构鉴定。结果 从其乙醇提取物的氯仿、醋酸乙酯部分分得7个化合物，其结构鉴定为羽扇豆醇(Ⅰ)，β-谷甾醇(Ⅱ)，白桦酸(Ⅲ)，pyracrenic acid(Ⅳ)，表儿茶素(V)，胡萝卜苷(Ⅵ)，野樱苷(Ⅶ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ，Ⅲ～Ⅵ为首次从该属植物中分离得到，化合物Ⅲ和Ⅶ为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物Ⅳ具有抗肿瘤活性。     

Tissue factor inhibitory sesquiterpene glycoside from<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eriobotrya japonica</Emphasis>

Tissue factor (TF, tissue thromboplastin) is a membrane bound glycoprotein, which accelerates the blood clotting, activating both the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathways to serve as a cofactor for activated factor VII (Vlla). The TF-factor Vlla complex (TF/Vlla) proteolytically activates factors IX and X, which leads to the generation of thrombin and fibrin clots. In order to isolate TF inhibitors, by means of a bioassay-directed chromatographic separation technique, from the leaves ofEriobotrya japonica Lindley (Rosaceae), a known sesquiterpene glycoside (2) and ferulic acid (3) were isolated as inhibitors that were evaluated using a single-clotting assay method for determining TF activity. Another sesquiterpene glycoside (1) was also isolated but was inactive in the assay system. Compound3 was yielded by alkaline hydrolysis of compound2. The structures of compounds1, 2, and3 were identified by means of spectral analysis as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl nerolidol (1), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyr-anosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-(4-trans-feruloyl)-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl nerolidol (2) and ferulic acid (3), respectively. Compounds2 and3 inhibited 50% of the TF activity at concentrations of 2 and 369 μM/TF units, respectively.     

Cytotoxic triterpenes fromCrataegus pinnatifida

Bioassay-guided fractionation of Crataegus pinnatifida (Rosaceae) gave two cytotoxic ursane-type triterpenes which were identified as uvaol (1) and ursolic acid (2) by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. 3-Oxo-ursolic acid (3) was synthesized from ursolic acid (2) by Jones method. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds were tested against murine L1210 and human cancer cell lines (A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, XF498, and HCT15) in vitro. Compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate cytotoxicities against L1210, whereas they showed weak activities against human cancer cell lines. However, compound 3 exhibited potent cytotoxic activities both in murine and in human cancer cell lines.     

Spiraeamide,new sphingolipid from Spiraea brahuica

Spiraeamide (1), a new sphingolipid, has been isolated from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Spiraea brahuica, along with marrubiin (2), 19-acetylmarrubenol (3), and 6-acetylmarruenol (4). Their structures were elucidated by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra, and COSY, NOESY, HMQC, HMBC, EI-MS, and FAB-MS experiments.     

Triterpenoids from Rubi Fructus (Bogbunja)

The dried unripe fruits ofRubus sp. (Rubi Fructus, Bogbunja) have yielded β-sitosterol glucoside and four urs-12-en-28-oic acid derivatives, three of which were as their glucosides. They were identified as 23-hydroxytormentic acid, rosamultin, niga-ichigosides F₁ and F₂ on the basis of spectral data.     

Antioxidant constituents from Cotoneaster racemiflora

A new lignan rhamnoside, racemiside (1), has been isolated from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Cotoneaster racemiflora, along with scopoletin (2), 7,8-dimethoxy-6-hydroxycoumarin (3), 3,3′,4′-tri-O-methylellagic acid (4), and cereotagloperoxide (5), reported for the first time from this species. All of them showed profound antioxidative activities in the DPPH assay.     

Gnatophyma - A rare form of rosacea

Phyma is the last stage of rosacea and is due to chronic inflammation and edema. It can affect nose (rhinophyma), chin (gnatophyma), forehead (metophyma), ears (otophyma) and eyelids (blepharophyma). Rhinophyma is the most frequent location and there are few reports about gnatophyma. We report the case of a female patient, 41 years old, who had an infiltrated, erythematous, edematous plaque around the chin and lower lip for two years. Histopathology showed perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate, hypertrophied follicles and sebaceous glands, dilated vessels and fibrosis. She was treated with oral tetracycline, oral ivermectin and metronidazole cream with a satisfactory response. The clinical, histopathological and therapeutic response correlation confirmed the diagnosis of gnatophyma, a rare variant of phyma.     

翻白草中的黄酮类成分

目的：对翻白草（Potentilla discolor Bunge）的黄酮类成分进行研究。方法：采用70％乙醇提取,利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS柱层析等方法分离化合物,根据理化性质及光谱技术鉴定结构。结果：分离并鉴定了9个黄酮类化合物,经光谱方法分别鉴定为槲皮素（1）、山柰酚（2）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷（3）、槲皮素-3-O-β—D-葡萄糖苷（4）、槲皮素-3-O—α—D-阿拉伯糖苷（5）、芦丁（6）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷（7）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷（8）和槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（9）。结论：化合物4～7为首次从翻白草中分离得到的化合物,8、9为首次从委陵菜属植物中分离得到的化合物。     

Relaxant activity of raspberry (Rubus idaeus) leaf extract in guinea-pig ileum in vitro

Tea made from the leaves of Rubus idaeus L. (raspberry) has been used for centuries as a folk medicine to treat wounds, diarrhoea, colic pain and as a uterine relaxant. Extracts of dried raspberry leaves prepared with different solvents, (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol) were tested in vitro for relaxant activity on transmurally stimulated guinea-pig ileum. The methanol (MeOH) extract exhibited the largest response and also indicated that the active compounds are of a relatively polar nature. Hence the bulk of the leaves were extracted with methanol and the dried extract fractionated on a silica gel column, eluting with chloroform, mixtures of chloroform and methanol and finally methanol. Each fraction was examined by thin layer chromatography and tested for relaxant activity in an in vitro transmurally stimulated guinea-pig ileum preparation. The fractions eluted with chloroform (CHCl(3)) lacked relaxant activity. Samples eluted with CHCl(3)/MeOH (95:5) had moderate relaxant activity, while a second distinctive peak of activity eluted with a more polar solvent mixture (CHCl(3)/MeOH 50:50) provided strong dose dependent responses. Evidence was obtained that there are at least two components of raspberry leaf extract which exhibit relaxant activity in an in vitro gastrointestinal preparation.