Lobectomy with extended lymph node dissection by video-assisted thoracic surgery for lung cancer

Background: Between September 1992 and September 1996, we performed 88 VATS (video-assisted thoracic surgery) lobectomies and two VATS pneumonectomies. Methods: The indications for surgery were 68 cases of lung cancer, nine cases of bronchiectasis, six cases of tuberculosis, and seven cases of benign lesions. Of the 68 cases of lung cancer, 36 were treated by VATS lobectomy with extended lymph node dissection for clinical stage I lung cancer, making full use of recently developed devices for thoracoscopic surgery, such as roticulating endoscissors, miniretractors, endoclips, and harmonic scalpels. Results: Twenty-four lymph nodes were resected on average (range, 10 to 51) by VATS. This number was comparable to lymph nodes resected in open thoracotomy during the same period. Among the 36 patients who underwent extended lymph node dissection, 20 showed no lymph node metastasis postoperatively (stage I), while 16 had N1 or N2 cancer. All patients with stage I cancer have survived 4 to 36 months (median: 17 months) with no signs of recurrence. Conclusions: This survival of stage I lung cancer after VATS is comparable to that of open thoracotomy. We thus believe that VATS lobectomy with extended lymph node dissection can be an alternative to standard posterolateral thoracotomy for stage I lung cancer. Received: 10 May 1996/Accepted: 19 November 1996     

Thoracoscopic Assisted Pneumonectomy

A lung carcinoma with tumor involving more than one lobe or in close proximity to the mainstem bronchus often requires pneumonectomy for surgical cure. Inflammation, bulky tumors, and dense adhesions limit the operative field of vision and may result in the abandonment of procedures with potential for complete extirpation. This case illustrates the utility of thoracoscopy in visualization of the hilum and other neurovascular structures in a patient with a proximal tumor and dense intrathoracic adhesions. Successful resection was made possible by use of combined open and thoracoscopic modalities.     

The technique of stump closure has no impact on post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula in the non-small cell lung cancer—a cross-sectional study

BackgroundPneumonectomy is a high-risk radical resection procedure, with bronchopleural fistula (BPF) being its most challenging and severe complication. This study aimed to assess the surgical risk factors and the impact of the bronchial stump closure technique on the incidence of the BPF.MethodsThis is a single-center, cross-sectional study of the medical records of 455 post-pneumonectomy patients operated due to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2006–2017. We analyzed the following variables and their influence on the occurrence of the BPF: operation side, surgical techniques (i.e., manual suture or the stapler), stump buttressing, the extension of pneumonectomy, comorbidities, and postoperative complications.ResultsBPF occurred in 7.47% of post-pneumonectomy patients. BPF was more prevalent in right-sided pneumonectomy versus left-sided (10.98% vs. 5.32%; P=0.026). The use of a stapler or manual suture was not associated with the incidence of the BPF (7.96% vs.7.09%, P=0.72). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of BPF among bronchial stump buttressing with the parietal pleura (P=0.80), intercostal muscle flap (IMF) (P=0.46), and pericardial fat pad (P=0.88). When comparing data from 2006–2012 with those from 2013–2017, we found a steady decrease in the number of performed stump reinforcements, but this was not associated with a higher risk of BPF.ConclusionsThe method used for stump closure, additional tissue buttressing of the bronchial stump and year of the surgery had no significant impact on the occurrence of BPF. Only right-sided pneumonectomy was associated with higher BPF occurrence.     

根治性手术切除结直肠癌肺转移灶的临床疗效及预后影响因素分析

目的:探讨根治性手术切除结直肠癌肺转移灶的临床疗效及预后影响因素。方法:采用回顾性队列研究方法。收集2004年1月至2015年12月北京大学肿瘤医院收治的63例结直肠癌肺转移病人的临床病理资料;男35例,女28例;年龄为（57±12）岁。病人均行原发灶和结直肠癌肺转移灶根治性R 0切除术。观察指标：（1）诊...     

不同电针频率对肺切除患者血清IL-1、IL-6的影响

目的:观察不同电针频率下针药复合麻醉对肺切除术患者细胞因子表达的影响,为针刺麻醉电针频率的选择提供依据。方法:将择期行开胸肺切除术56例患者随机分为Ⅰ组(22例)、Ⅱ组(16例)、Ⅲ组(18例)。各组均行常规药物麻醉,全麻前30min,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组予电针后溪、支沟、内关、合谷,Ⅱ组予连续波型,频率2Hz,Ⅲ组予疏密波型,频率2Hz/100Hz,电针刺激维持至手术结束。采用双抗体夹心免疫酶标法(ELISA)检测患者术前24h、切皮后10min、术后24h血清白介素1(IL-1)、白介素6(IL-6)含量。结果:3组患者切皮后10min IL-6较术前24h显著上升(均P<0.01),IL-1含量变化不大(均P>0.05);与切皮后10min比较,Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组患者术后24hIL-1含量显著上升(均P<0.01),Ⅱ组则变化不大(P>0.05);3组患者术后24hIL-6含量较切皮后10min均显著上升(均P<0.01)。结论:2Hz电针频率针药复合麻醉能部分调节体内炎性因子的表达,从而减轻围术期机体的应激反应,保护脏器功能。     

经心包内处理血管行肺切除术治疗Ⅲ期肺癌75例

目的 探讨经心包内处理血管的肺切除术治疗Ⅲ期肺癌的应用价值。方法 分析用心包内处理血管的75例Ⅲ期肺癌患者临床资料。结果 主要并发症是呼吸衰竭、肺部感染、肺水肿和心律失常．发生率是26．7％。1、3及5年生存率分别为85．3％、34．7％及28．0％。手术死亡1例。治疗组患者的并发症发生率、病死率与标准肺切除术组相比，无显著差异。结论 经心包内处理血管提高肺癌的肿瘤切除率，提高了手术的根治性及安全性。     

Pneumonectomy Case in a Newborn with Congenital Pulmonary Lymphangiectasia

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia (CPL) is a rare lymphatic pulmonary abnormality. CPL with respiratory distress has a poor prognosis, and is frequently fatal in neonates. We report a case of pneumonectomy for CPL in a newborn. An infant girl, born at 39 weeks'' after an uncomplicated pregnancy, exhibited respiratory distress 1 hr after birth, which necessitated intubation and aggressive ventilator care. Right pneumonectomy was performed after her symptoms worsened. Histologic examination indicated CPL. She is currently 12 months old and developing normally. Pneumonectomy can be considered for treating respiratory symptoms for improving chances of survival in cases with unilateral CPL.

Graphical Abstract

相似文献   

单肺移植结合对侧肺减容术治疗终末期肺气肿一例

目的　探讨单肺移植结合对侧肺减容术治疗终末期肺气肿的手术适应证及疗效。方法　对 1例呼吸机依赖的重症肺气肿、肺功能严重下降的 4 7岁患者行左肺移植。术后第 7天因患者对侧肺逐渐过度膨胀致纵隔左移 ,压迫移植肺 ,而行右侧胸腔镜辅助小切口肺减容术。结果　肺减容术后第 1天患者纵隔移位明显改善 ,移植肺扩张良好 ;术后第 9、15天移植肺 2次出现急性排斥反应 ,用免疫抑制剂治疗 ,并于术后第 15天行气管切开、呼吸机间断辅助呼吸 ,病情缓解 ;术后第 2 4天患者下床活动 ,第 2 6天拔除气管插管 ;术后 2个月检查患者肺功能明显改善 ;术后第 71天出院。结论　单肺移植结合对侧肺减容术能治疗重症肺气肿单肺移植后的对侧肺过度膨胀 ,明显改善肺功能。