川芎挥发油化学成分研究

采取闪蒸气相毛细管色谱法和气相毛细管色谱—质谱法研究了宁夏六盘山区产川芎的挥发油化学成分,色谱分离出50多个峰,质谱鉴定了24个成分,主要是川芎酜内酯(46.37％)、丁基酞内酯(13.87％)、新蛇床内酯(6.98％)和丁烯基酜酯(4.8％)。红外光谱图中有较强的内酯特征吸收峰,为质谱所鉴定的以上主要成分提供了佐证。将闪蒸气相色谱法与蒸气蒸馏提取气相色谱法进行对照,二者的色谱图基本相符,前者是分析天然产物挥发性成分更加简便、迅速的微量方法。     

药用老鹳草原植物分布概述

通过对药用老鹳草常用品种及其同属原植物地区分布的概述，总结了目前国内外对药用老鹳草研究的各品系，为今后规范中药材的使用，以及开发更多的代用品提供相关前期基础。     

植物中低含量铅的石墨炉原子吸收测定法

目的探索植物中低含量铅的石墨炉原子吸收测定方法。方法采用还原钯作基体改进剂,允许灰化温度高达1 000℃,利用高灰化温度降低背景吸收,消除基体干扰。结果铅检出限0.018 3μg/L,对3种基准物质进行了8次重复测定,其相对标准偏差为1.30%~4.20%。结论对茶叶基准物质GBWO 7605及猪肉基准物质GBWO 8552测定结果良好。石墨炉原子吸收法适用于植物样品中低含量铅的测定,灵敏度高,精密度和准确性好。     

The efficacy of a Persian herbal formulation on functional bloating: A double-blind randomized controlled trial

BackgroundBloating is a common gastrointestinal complaint which is difficult to treat.ObjectiveThis study investigated the efficacy and compliance of a formulation called KAASER comprised of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague seed, Zingiber officinale Roscoe. rhizome and Piper nigrum L. berry in the treatment of functional bloating.Design, setting, participants and interventionA total of 106 patients with functional bloating, between 20 and 50 years of age, participated in this double-blind randomized controlled trial. Patients were divided into 3 parallel groups that received 500 mg of placebo, dimethicone or KAASER, three times a day for 2 weeks.Main outcome measuresThe frequency and severity of bloating were primary outcomes, while the frequencies of eructation, defecation, borborygmus and early satiation were secondary outcomes. All parameters were evaluated at the beginning (week 0), and also weeks 2, 4 and 10 of the study, through self-report checklists with a scoring system.ResultsAmong the 84 patients who completed the study, the frequency and severity of bloating (P < 0.001), the frequencies of eructation, defecation and borborygmus (P = 0.03) were significantly improved in the group receiving KAASER (36 patients) compared with the dimethicone (35 patients) and placebo (35 patients) groups, during the 3 phases of follow-up. These significant differences persisted through the 2 and 8 weeks of follow-ups after cessation of medication (week 4 and 10). In early satiation, no significant differences were observed among the 3 groups.ConclusionThe results showed that KAASER can be effectively used to treat patients suffering from bloating. Bloating, eructation, defecation and borborygmus in the KAASER group remained significantly improved after 2 and 8 weeks of cessation of medication, making this mechanism an interesting area for further investigation.Trial registrationRegistration trial IRCT2015100324327N on Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials.     

颅内植物性异物肉芽肿:一例报告并文献复习

目的 颅内植物性异物肉芽肿临床十分罕见,对其临床表现和组织病理学特征进行探讨,避免误诊.方法与结果 报告l例颅内植物性异物肉芽肿患者的临床表现、组织病理学特征和免疫表型,并复习相关文献.男性患者,23岁.主要表现为发作性四肢强直性抽搐,病程7年.头部MRI检查显示,左侧侧脑室前角前下方额叶皮质内长约1.60 cm的小结节状混杂信号影,邻近额叶组织有胶质化表现.术中可见左侧额底病灶与硬脑膜粘连,大小约为3cm×2cm,呈灰褐色,质地较韧,边界不清,部分钙化,血供丰富.光学显微镜观察显示,肉芽肿伴纤维组织增生、透明变性、钙化及淋巴细胞、浆细胞浸润,未见肿瘤细胞及寄生虫病变;病变组织表达波形蛋白和CD68,不表达胶质纤维酸性蛋白、S-100蛋白和上皮膜抗原.结论 颅内植物性异物肉芽肿根据其部位不同临床表现多样,根据异物种类及存留时间的长短,其影像学也存在多样性,但是可以通过组织病理学和免疫组织化学检测明确诊断,与肿瘤、寄生虫病变相鉴别,并初步明确其植被类型.     

Medicinal plants commonly used against cancer in traditional medicine formulae in Sri Lanka

Cancer is a global burden. In low- and middle-income countries around 70% of deaths are due to cancer. For a number of years natural products have been a good source of agents for combatting cancer and plants have played a huge role in anti-cancer product development. For many centuries, indigenous cultures around the world have used traditional herbal medicine to treat a myriad of diseases including cancer. In Sri Lanka, a number of plants have been reported to have anti-cancer properties and some of the commonly used plants are described in this review with an account of their compounds and modes of action. Only a small number of the plants in Sri Lanka have been tested for their bioactivity and more research is required to determine their medicinal activity with the aim of developing novel drugs to fight this disease.     

连翘属药用植物化学成分研究进展

目的:探讨连翘属药用植物化学成分研究概况。方法:总结国内外相关文献,综述连翘属药用植物所含化学成分的种类、数量及结构。结果:目前已从连翘属药用植物中分离出苯乙醇苷类20个,木脂素类18个,C₆-C₂天然醇类13个,萜类13个,黄酮类5个,还有一些挥发油及其他类成分。结论:通过对该属药用植物化学成分的系统总结,对开展本属其它药用植物的研究有很好的参考价值。