海风藤挥发油的β-环糊精包合工艺研究

目的：优选出海风藤挥发油β-环糊精包合最佳工艺。方法：以挥发油包合率、包合物收率为指标,采用正交试验优选海风藤挥发油β-环糊精包合的最佳工艺条件。结果：最佳包合工艺条件为包合比为1：10,包合温度60℃,包合时间2h。结论采用优选的包合工艺条件制备的包合物包合率及收率较高。     

The pathology of lethal exposure to the Riot Control Agents: Towards a forensics-based methodology for determining misuse

The aim of this is to review deaths associated with the use of Riot Control Agents (RCAs) and to assess how the presenting pathologies is such cases may better inform cause of death conclusions upon autopsy. We also sought to present which additional steps should be added to the Minnesota protocol and the European harmonization of medico-legal autopsy rules in suspected cases of deaths associated with the use of RCAs.We included 10 lethal cases in our study. In three cases, RCAs were found to be the sole cause of death, in three cases RCAs were ruled a secondary cause of death due asphyxia or asthma subsequent to exposure to RCAs and in four cases RCAs were contributory factors to death. In three cases the responsible agents were identified as Chloroacetophenone (CN), Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) and Oleoresin capsicum (OC) and in the remaining 7 cases, the agent was OC alone.As there are no specific findings in suspected cases of death associated with RCA use, establishing cause of death and whether RCAs are the sole cause or only a contributory factor will be based on the elimination of other possible causes of death. For this reason, a specifically structured autopsy is essential. This specifically structured autopsy should contain basic principles of the Minnesota Protocol and the European harmonization of medico-legal autopsy rules with the following additional steps taken: examination of clothing, eyes, and skin; examination of pharyngeal, tracheobronchial, and eusophegeal mucosas; and a thorough recording of the steps taken by the party conducting the arrest, including other possible causes of in-custody death, as well as a detailed medical history of the deceased.     

An inhibitory interaction between viral and cellular proteins underlies the resistance of tomato to nonadapted tobamoviruses

Any individual virus can infect only a limited range of hosts, and most plant species are “nonhosts” to a given virus; i.e., all members of the species are insusceptible to the virus. In nonhost plants, the factors that control virus resistance are not genetically tractable, and how the host range of a virus is determined remains poorly understood. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a nonhost species for Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), members of the genus Tobamovirus. Previously, we identified Tm-1, a resistance gene of tomato to another tobamovirus, Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), and found that Tm-1 binds to ToMV replication proteins to inhibit RNA replication. Tm-1 is derived from a wild tomato species, S. habrochaites, and ToMV-susceptible tomato cultivars have the allelic gene tm-1. The tm-1 protein can neither bind to ToMV replication proteins nor inhibit ToMV multiplication. Here, we show that transgenic tobacco plants expressing tm-1 exhibit resistance to TMGMV and PMMoV. The tm-1 protein bound to the replication proteins of TMGMV and PMMoV and inhibited their RNA replication in vitro. In one of the tm-1-expressing tobacco plants, a tm-1-insensitive TMGMV mutant emerged. In tomato protoplasts, this mutant TMGMV multiplied as efficiently as ToMV. However, in tomato plants, the mutant TMGMV multiplied with lower efficiency compared to ToMV and caused systemic necrosis. These results suggest that an inhibitory interaction between the replication proteins and tm-1 underlies a multilayered resistance mechanism to TMGMV in tomato.     

胡椒中总生物碱提取工艺的研究

目的对胡椒中总生物碱提取工艺进行考察,优化最佳提取条件。方法用正交设计法,以总生物碱的提取率为考察指标,对乙醇浓度、超声波提取时间、回流时间等因素进行考察。结果确定最佳提取工艺为用75%乙醇为提取溶剂,先超声提取60min,再回流提取1h。结论本工艺简单合理,提取率高,具有良好的可行性。     

Neuroblastoma overview—1986

Understanding of the biology of neuroblastoma has advanced dramatically in the last several decades. Misunderstood and misdiagnosed in the early years of this century, neuroblastoma is now the prototypic model for research in the molecular biology and genetics of the transformed cell. It is through these advances in knowledge of the malignant process, and of neuroblastoma itself, that exquisitely targeted therapies will shortly evolve. These include not only immunologic approaches through monoclonal antibodies, I but also the exploitation of metabolic pathways. Radioactive meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is among the most promising of the latter methods. It is deservedly undergoing clinical tests for its diagnostic and therapeutic applications in the management of neuroblastoma patients.     

Dissipation and residue of dimethomorph in pepper and soil under field conditions

The dissipation and residual levels of dimethomorph in pepper and soil under field conditions were determined by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The dissipation rates of dimethomorph were described using first-order kinetics and its half-life ranged from 1.7 to 3.8 days in pepper and 11.5-18.5 days in soil. At harvest time, the terminal residues of dimethomorph were below the EU's maximum residue limit (MRL, 0.5 mg kg⁻¹) in pepper when measured 7 days after the final application, which suggested that the use of this fungicide was safe for humans. The collected field samples were stable for up to two months when refrigerated at −20 °C. The residues persistence varied among three geographically separated experimental fields, suggesting that it might be affected by climatic, soil properties and local microorganisms. These results will be helpful in setting MRL guidance for dimethomorph in pepper in China.     

中西医结合治疗慢性喘息性支气管炎临床研究

目的:观察椒目胶囊联合射干麻黄汤和舒利迭及顺尔宁治疗慢性喘息型支气管炎的临床疗效。方法:将168例病例随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各84例。对照组给予常规抗炎、祛痰、解痉以及舒利迭吸入治疗并口服顺尔宁片,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用椒目胶囊和射干麻黄汤,疗程均为14 d。分别于疗程结束后评价疗效,比较治疗前和治疗后第14天第1秒用力呼气量占预计值百分比(forced expiratory volume in first second,FEV1%)、呼气流速峰值(peak expiratory flow,PEF)、两组临床疗效。结果:观察组有效率为97.62%,对照组有效率为78.58%,两组有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后观察组FEV1%(68.2±4.5)%,对照组为(62.9±4.81)%;观察组PEF(239.1±18.3)L·min~(-1),对照组为(223.1±13.25)L·min~(-1);两组治疗前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:椒目胶囊联合射干麻黄汤和舒利迭及顺尔宁治疗慢性喘息型支气管炎(冷哮)疗效显著且优于单用舒利迭和顺尔宁。     

胡椒敷脐法治疗小儿腹泻有关问题探讨

胡椒粉研末敷脐治疗小儿腹泻是一个民间单方,临床应用较多,效果显著,而且重现性好,本文对该法的历史沿革,临床使用情况以及临床使用中的几个问题进行探讨。     

花椒吴茱萸热熨法对脾肾阳虚型肠易激综合症影响的研究

目的观察花椒、吴茱萸腹部热熨法对脾肾阳虚型肠易激综合症疗效的影响。方法将符合脾肾阳虚诊断标准的90例患者随机分为A组、B组、C组三组,每组各30例,A组口服“得舒特”西药,B组口服得舒特加花椒混合吴茱萸腹部热熨法,C组口服得舒特西药加单纯盐包腹部热熨法,治疗4周后进行疗效对比。结果三组患者治疗后症状总积分均较治疗前减低,治疗后症状积分B组与A组、C组相比,差异有显著意义（P〈0．05）;A组与C组相比较,差异无显著意义（P〉0．05）。治疗4周后,三组总疗效分别为73．3％、93．3％、80．0％,差异有显著意义（P〈0．05）。结论花椒吴茱萸腹部热熨法结合得舒特口服能显著提高脾肾阳虚型肠易激综合症的疗效。