新生儿肺出血29例临床病理分析

1962～1986年25年间,经尸检病理确诊的29例新生儿肺出血,以早产儿和低出生体重儿为主,生后一周内发病者27例。本组20例有窒息史,口鼻有血性分泌物流出者17例。本文描述了新生儿肺出血的临床表现和病理特征,以及对新生儿肺出血的病因作了讨论。     

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the measurement of antibodies to different parts of the gram-negative lipopolysaccharide core region

Bovine serum albumin was complexed with the core antigens of either Escherichia coli J5 LPS, Salmonella minnesota R595 LPS or E. coli lipid A. These core-BSA complexes were used for solid-phase coating in ELISAs for anti-core antibodies. Antibodies, binding to various parts of the core region were easily quantified in a single experimental set-up, which was hitherto not possible. The ELISA has only 3 incubation steps and is not costly as only moderate amounts of the core antigens (i.e., 1 microgram per test) were needed for coating. The sensitivity proved to be excellent and the complexes were biologically fully active (compared to native, smooth LPS), which make them suitable for the screening (after fusion) of monoclonal anti-core antibodies. Another possible application is the large-scale screening of blood-bank sera in order to find samples with a high anti-core antibody content.     

脂类代谢和运输涉及的基因与大鼠肝再生的相关性分析

目的在基因转录水平了解脂类代谢和运输相关基因在大鼠肝再生(LR)中的表达变化和模式。方法用搜集网站资料和查阅相关论文等方法获得参与脂类代谢和运输基因,用大鼠基因组230 2.0芯片检测它们在大鼠再生肝中的表达情况,用比较手术和假手术中基因表达的差异性确定肝再生相关基因。结果初步证实上述基因中193个基因与肝再生相关。肝再生早期[部分肝切除(PH)后0.5~4h]、前期(PH后6~12h)、中期(PH后12~66h)、后期(PH后72~168h)等4个阶段起始表达的基因数为113、20、66和1;基因的总表达次数为250、205、796和293。共上调852次,下调630次,分为27种表达方式。肝再生早期和前期胆汁酸代谢相关基因转录减弱;早期和后期糖皮质激素分解相关基因转录增强;前期和中期磷脂合成相关基因转录增强,磷脂分解相关基因转录减弱;中期脂肪酸、白三烯和鞘糖脂合成相关基因转录增强,甘油三酯和磷脂酰肌醇代谢相关基因转录增强,鞘糖脂分解相关基因转录减弱;中期和后期前列腺素合成和脂肪酸分解相关基因转录增强;几乎在整个肝再生中性激素、糖皮质激素和孕酮合成相关基因转录增强,鞘磷脂代谢相关基因转录增强,脂类运输相关基因转录增强,胆固醇代谢相关基因转录减弱。结论肝再生中脂类代谢和运输变化较大,与肝再生密切相关。     

Fine particulate matter exposure during pregnancy and infancy and incident asthma

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Mixed connective tissue disease with fatal pulmonary hypertension and a review of literature

Summary The paper presents an autopsy case of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and a review of literature. A 33-year-old woman with Raynaud's phenomenon and dyspnea of one year duration was diagnosed as having MCTD on the basis of a higher titer (1:163,840) of serum antibodies to the ribonucleoprotein (RNP). Cardiac catheterization showed complicating PH, confirmed an autopsy by the findings of concentric intimal cellular proliferation and typical plexiform lesions in the small arteries and arterioles of the lung, suggesting primary PH. Fatal PH with MCTD has been reported only 6 cases in literature including our case. All were young females, with histopathological findings consistent with plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy in 5 cases and with recurrent pulmonary thromboembolism in the other. The aetiology of PH is still unknown, but it may be due to vasoconstriction evoked by the hyper-reactivity of the vessels.     

Preparation and Characterization of pH-Sensitive Anionic Hydrogel Microparticles for Oral Protein-Delivery Applications

pH-sensitive P(MAA-g-EG) anionic hydrogel microparticles having an average diameter of approx. 4 μm were prepared by suspension photopolymerization. The pH-sensitive swelling and release behaviors of the P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogel microparticles were investigated as a biological on–off switch for the design of an oral protein delivery system triggered by external pH changes in the human GI tract. There was a drastic change of the equilibrium weight swelling ratio of P(MAA-g-EG) particles at a pH of around 5, which is the pK _a of PMAA. At pH < 5, the particles were in a relatively collapsed state, while at a pH > 5 the particles swelled to a high degree. When the concentration of the cross-linker of the hydrogel increased, the swelling ratio of the P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogel microparticles decreased at a pH higher than 5 and the pK _a of all the microparticles was in the pH range 4.0–6.0. In release experiments using Rhodamine B (Rh-B) as a model solute, the P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogel microparticles showed a pH-responsive release behavior. At low pH (pH 4.0) only a small amount of Rh-B was released while at high pH (pH 6.0) a relatively large amount of Rh-B was released from the hydrogel particles.     

Modeling and analysis of pH-electric-stimuli-responsive hydrogels

A multiphysics model is presented in this paper, called the multi-effect-coupling pH-electric-stimuli (MECpHe) model, for analysis of smart hydrogels responding to the stimuli of solution pH coupled with electric voltage, when the hydrogels are placed into pH buffer solution subject to an externally applied electric field. The MECpHe model considers the chemo-electro-mechanical multiphysics effects and formulates the fixed charge density with the coupled effect of buffer solution pH and electric voltage. The model is formulated mathematically by a set of nonlinear partial differential governing equations for predicting the displacement and the swelling ratio, as well as the average curvature of hydrogel strip, and for simulating the distributive profiles of diffusive ionic species concentrations and the electric potential, as well as the fixed charge density. The model is validated by the comparison of the present computation results with experimental data extracted from open literature. The steady-state simulation of the smart hydrogels is then conducted for the pH-electric-coupled stimuli. The influences of the externally applied electric voltage are discussed in detail on the distributions of diffusive ionic species concentrations, the displacement, the swelling ratio and the average curvature of the hydrogel strip.