A comparative cost analysis of the Vaccination Program for US-bound Refugees

BackgroundVaccination Program for US-bound Refugees (VPR) currently provides one or two doses of some age-specific Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)-recommended vaccines to US-bound refugees prior to departure.MethodsWe quantified and compared the full vaccination costs for refugees using two scenarios: (1) the baseline of no VPR and (2) the current situation with VPR. Under the first scenario, refugees would be fully vaccinated after arrival in the United States. For the second scenario, refugees would receive one or two doses of selected vaccines before departure and complete the recommended vaccination schedule after arrival in the United States. We evaluated costs for the full vaccination schedule and for the subset of vaccines provided by VPR by four age-stratified groups; all costs were reported in 2015 US dollars. We performed one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses and break-even analyses to evaluate the robustness of results.ResultsVaccination costs with the VPR scenario were lower than costs of the scenario without the VPR for refugees in all examined age groups. Net cost savings per person associated with the VPR were ranged from $225.93 with estimated Refugee Medical Assistance (RMA) or Medicaid payments for domestic costs to $498.42 with estimated private sector payments. Limiting the analyses to only the vaccines included in VPR, the average costs per person were 56% less for the VPR scenario with RMA/Medicaid payments. Net cost savings with the VPR scenario were sensitive to inputs for vaccination costs, domestic vaccine coverage rates, and revaccination rates, but the VPR scenario was cost savings across a range of plausible parameter estimates.ConclusionsVPR is a cost-saving program that would also reduce the risk of refugees arriving while infected with a vaccine preventable disease.     

以新加坡宝中堂药房建设为例探讨海外中药房的建设

目的：通过新加坡宝中堂药房的建设过程来探讨海外中药房的建设和注意事项.方法：简略介绍新加坡宝中堂药房的建设流程,分析海外中药房建设中所需解决的问题,得到海外建立标准中药房的经验.结果：通过新加坡宝中堂药房的建设经验得出海外建立标准中药房的注意事项：①地理环境对中药的影响;②人文环境对中药的影响;③运输环节对中药的影响;④所在国法律对中药的影响.结论：由上述的注意事项结合国内药房的各项制度,建立符合所在国标准的中药房,使中医中药在世界范围内得到长足的发展     

医院船执行海外人道主义救援任务数据统计规范研究

目的提高医院船海外人道主义救援任务过程中数据信息统计科学性。方法采取Delphi法确定数据统计框架,通过文献回顾荟萃和专家访谈法确定数据统计口径,建立相应制度规范,并联合浙江大学对信息系统平台实施数字化改进。结果任务数据信息逐步完善,历次任务救治数据完整率不断提高。     

境外生中医诊断学教学方法探讨

对如何提高境外生中医诊断学教学质量进行探讨,认为应消除语言障碍,提高汉语水平;联系前后内容,注重横向比较;改善教学手段,教学方法多样;授课重点突出,总结归纳要点;合理安排作业,督促课后复习.     

国外处方集及处方集系统介绍

目的:为我国医疗机构编制处方集提供参考。方法:复习网络及文献资料,概述处方集的概念、结构及内容等,介绍国外处方集系统的运作过程。结果与结论:处方集能有效地为临床相关人员提供药品信息,国外处方集及处方集系统的运作对我国医疗机构处方集的编制及实施有一定的借鉴意义。     

模拟人联合多媒体在医学英语教学中的应用

本文通过医学模拟人结合多媒体技术建构的资源库,对我校侨生在外科临床实习阶段进行专业英语教学进行探索,结果表明该教学模式为侨生提供了轻松自主的学习环境和丰富多样的语言载体,收到了良好的教学效果.     

Medical tourism: Assessing the evidence on treatment abroad

The review focuses on one growing dimension of health care globalisation – medical tourism, whereby consumers elect to travel across borders or to overseas destinations to receive their treatment. Such treatments include cosmetic and dental surgery; cardio, orthopaedic and bariatric surgery; IVF treatment; and organ and tissue transplantation. The review sought to identify the medical tourist literature for out-of-pocket payments, focusing wherever possible on evidence and experience pertaining to patients in mid-life and beyond.     

留学生药理学教学实践与探索

＂高等教育国际化＂越来越受到各国的高度重视。在医学高等教育国际化的新形势下,主要从教学方法的融合、教学手段的创新以及教师素质的提高等层面与时俱进地提出医学留学生药理学教学的新思路和新方法,从而为来华留学生打造高质量的教学环境,激发学生的学习兴趣,有效提高教学效果,并为医学留学生教育工作的可持续发展奠定坚实的基础。     

医学生境外短期交换项目的管理与思考

医学生境外短期交换,即境外临床选修课程是医学教育国际化的必然趋势,是培养解决全球卫生问题能力的重要途径之一,也是医学教育的必要补充.本文概述了国内外医学生境外短期交换项目对医学生成长所起到的积极作用,分析了北京大学医学部学生境外短期交换的现状,并就项目执行中存在的问题提出了相应的对策,希望对项目的健康持续发展有所帮助.     

国外区域医疗服务信息平台建设与发展现状分析

对国际上区域医疗信息化建设中起步早、发展历史久、建设项目成功率相对较高的9个国家的医疗体制、经济环境、信息化环境、开发主体、投资及补偿机制等进行了比较,并重点对区域医疗信息化建设步骤和发展策略进行了讨论,分析得出了国外区域医疗信息化建设的现状、各国采用的共同举措、区域医疗信息化成功的关键因素等,并结合我国国情,提出了促进我国区域医疗信息化建设发展的建议.