巴戟天枯萎病对寄主显微构造及成分的影响

枯萎病能显著影响巴戟天肉质根的显微构造,并显著影响巴戟天营养器官B,Mn等元素的转运以及根、茎的β-谷甾醇含量,使肉质根总糖含量下降5.42%～15.29%。     

淫羊藿、肉苁蓉、巴戟天对果蝇寿命影响的研究

目的研究淫羊藿、肉苁蓉、巴戟天3种药物对果蝇寿命的影响。方法采用在实验组的培养基中适量加入上述的3种药物，而在对照组的培养基中则不加药物，观察各组的生存时间。结果实验组果蝇的平均寿命高于对照组果蝇的平均寿命。结论适量应用淫羊藿、肉苁蓉、巴戟天，具有延缓衰老的功效。     

Trichomonicidal activity of a new anthraquinone isolated from the roots of Morinda panamensis Seem

Trichomoniasis, caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Although drug treatment is available, unpleasant side effects and increased resistance to the nitroimidazole family have been documented. Hence, there is a need for the identification of new and safe therapeutic agents against T. vaginalis. Antimicrobial activity of anthraquinone compounds has been reported by a number of authors. The genus Morinda is well known for the diversity of anthraquinones with numerous biological activities. A new anthraquinone, lucidin-ω-isopropyl ether, was isolated from the roots of Morinda panamensis Seem. The structure of the compound was determined by ¹H and ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses, in addition to comparison with literature reports. Using in vitro susceptibility assay, the half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of lucidin-ω-isopropyl ether for T. vaginalis (1.32 μg/mL) was found similar to that of metronidazole concentration tested (6 μM = 1.03 μg/mL). In addition, this anthraquinone was capable of inhibiting the parasite's ability to kill HeLa cells and decreased proteolytic activity of the proteinase TvMP50 from T. vaginalis. This was associated with the decreased expression of the mp50 gene. These results demonstrate the trichomonicidal potential by lucidin-ω-isopropyl ether. Further action-mode studies are necessary to elucidate the antiparasitic mechanism of this new anthraquinone to develop a more potent antitrichomonal agent.     

基于巴戟天转录组数据的R2R3-MYB转录因子的鉴定和分析

为了挖掘参与巴戟天生长发育及次生代谢产物合成的MYB转录因子,本研究基于巴戟天根茎叶的转录组数据,筛选并鉴定巴戟天的R2R3-MYB转录因子,为以后通过遗传改良的手段调控巴戟天的代谢机制提供理论基础。根据巴戟天根茎叶的转录组数据,利用PFAM和plantTFDB等5个数据库,对预测的巴戟天R2R3-MYB转录因子进行鉴定, GO功能注释和分类、保守结构域分析、进化树比对分析和组织特异性表达差异分析。基于巴戟天的转录组数据共鉴定109个MYB转录因子,其中R2R3-MYB的数量为51个。亚细胞定位结果显示多数序列定位于细胞核,少部分位于细胞外基质。与分子功能、生物过程和细胞组分相关的GO terms的数量分别为112、76和239个。51个巴戟天R2R3-MYB转录因子中的R2-MYB和R3-MYB的保守基序分别为:-W-(X19)-W-(X19)-W-,-F-(X18)-W-(X18)-W-。通过与拟南芥R2R3-MYB转录因子的序列比对分析可知,除了S10、S19和S21亚家族没有分布,其他亚家族中都存在同源序列。RT-qPCR的结果验证了部分R2R3-MYB基因在3个组织差异性表达。获得的51个R2R3-MYB转录因子为进一步研究巴戟天MYB转录因子家族提供了一定的理论基础。     

Assessment of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity properties of Uvaria chamae P. Beauv (Annonaceae) and Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) in mice

The toxicity profile of medicinal plants is an important preclinical requirement in the development of phytomedicines. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the leaf of Uvaria chamae P. Beauv (Annonaceae) and stem bark of Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) were investigated in order to provide information on their safety as antimalarial plants. The methanol extract of U. chamae and ethanol (70%) extract of M. lucida were separately orally administered (125, 250, and 750?mg/kg/day) to mice for 10 consecutive days. Cyclophosphamide (50?mg/kg, single dose) and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The mice were injected with colchicine (0.04%) intra-peritoneally 24?h after the last administration of the extracts and the bone marrows harvested. Giemsa-stained slides of bone marrow cells were microscopically assessed for dividing cells to determine the mitotic index (MI) and scored for chromosomal aberrations (CA) according to standard methods. chamae exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity. At 750?mg/kg, the MI was significantly (p?M. lucida was not significantly different (p?>?0.05) from that of the negative control. The total CA observed from treatment with both plants at all doses were significantly (p?U. chamae showed both cytotoxicity and genotoxicity while M. lucida exerted only genotoxic effect. Nevertheless, the two plants should be used with caution in antimalarial therapy.     

菊淀粉型巴戟天寡糖抗创伤后应激障碍行为学评价

目的 用大鼠和小鼠创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)模型评价菊淀粉型巴戟天寡糖(IOMO)对场景恐惧行为和焦虑行为的影响.方法 建立大鼠单次延长应激(SPS)模型和小鼠不可逃避足底电击(FS)模型,实验分组均为正常对照组、模型组、模型+舍曲林(Ser)组和模型+不同剂量IOMO组.在大鼠SPS模型中,于造模后每天1次ig给予I...     

Hypoglycaemic properties of the aqueous root extract of Morinda lucida (Benth) (Rubiaceae). Studies in the mouse

The aqueous root extract of Morinda lucida (Rubiaceae) Benth, exhibited potent hypoglycaemic effects in both normoglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic mice by oral administration. This effect was dose-dependent and more potent than that observed with chlorpropamide (1-(p-chlorobenzene-sulphanyl)-3-propylurea). In the normoglycaemic mice, the extract (140 mg/kg body weight) produced a fall in blood sugar of 32% + 1% while at 280 mg/kg body weight there was a 52% + 2% fall over the same time interval. In alloxan-induced diabetic mice, the reaction time of the extract was longer with a single dose of the extract producing a significant hypoglycaemic effect 4 h after administration. In diabetic mice, a dose of 140 mg/kg body weight of the plant extract caused a fall in blood sugar of 51% + 1% while a dose of 280 mg/kg produced a fall of 60% + 2%.     

Supplementation with aqueous leaf extract of Morinda lucida enhances immunorestoration and upregulates the expression of cytokines and immunostimulatory markers

Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) is a versatile plant used in traditional medicine of many countries for the treatment of a variety of ailments and the claims of efficacy are particularly remarkable in the treatment of infections and immuno-inflammatory disorders. In this study, we investigated the immunostimulatory and immunorestorative properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Morinda lucida (AML) in cultures of murine splenic lymphocytes and in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosupression models, respectively. Administration of AML (100 and 250 mg/kg; per os) in alternate days significantly (P < 0.05) increased specific total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a responses to ovalbumin by as much as 2-10 fold when compared to untreated controls. In cyclophophamide treated mice, the rate of wound healing, leukopoiesis , and body weight recovery were all enhanced by oral supplementation with AML (100 and 250 mg/kg) in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro cultures of BALB/C splenocytes treated with AML (12.5 and 50 μg/ml) for 24 h resulted in 5-10 fold increase in IFNγ and IL-4 measured by cytokine capture ELISA. Surface expression of immunostimulatory markers, CD69 and CD25, measured flow cytometrically by FACS analyis, were also significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated on splenic T and B cells by as much as 8-20 fold. Taken together, the results of these studies show the potent immunostimulatory and immunorestorative properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Morinda lucida, which may explain some of the beneficial effects of the plant in the treatment of infections and immuno-inflammatory disorders.     

Analgesic and antiinflammatory activity of Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) fruit

M. citrifolia is a tropical plant with a long tradition of medicinal use in Polynesia and tropical parts of eastern Asia and Australia. One of its favorite uses is the treatment of painful inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis. The analgesic activity of Noni fruit puree on mice was investigated using the hot plate test. A 10% solution of freeze concentrated Noni fruit puree in the drinking water of mice reduced the pain sensitivity comparably to the central analgesic drug tramadol. This effect was only partly reversed by the application of the morphine antagonist naloxone. An alcohol extract of noni fruit puree also caused an inhibition of MMP‐9 release from human monocytes after stimulation with LPS. This effect was comparable to hydrocortisone (10^?5 m ). The findings suggest that preparations of noni fruits are effective in decreasing pain and joint destruction caused by arthritis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Studies of Antiviral Activity and Cytotoxicity of Wrightia tinctoria and Morinda citrifolia

Different extracts of leaf parts of Wrightia tinctoria and fruit powder of Morinda citrifolia have been studied against replication of HIV-1(IIIB) in MT-4 cells and HCV in Huh 5.2 cells. Chloroform extract of Wrightia tinctoria exhibited a maximum protection of 48% against the cytopathic effect of HIV-1(IIIB) in MT-4 cells. Fruit juice of Morinda citrifolia exhibited a displayed marked cytotoxic activity in lymphocyte (MT-4) cells (CC50: 0.19 mg/ml). The 50% effective concentration for inhibition of HCV subgenomic replicon replication in Huh 5-2 cells by Morinda citrifolia was 0.98 μg/ml and by chloroform extract of Wrightia tinctoria was 10 μg/ml. The concentration that reduced the growth of exponentially proliferating Huh 5-2 cells by 50% was greater than 50 μg/ml.