巴戟天枯萎病对寄主显微构造及成分的影响

枯萎病能显著影响巴戟天肉质根的显微构造,并显著影响巴戟天营养器官B,Mn等元素的转运以及根、茎的β-谷甾醇含量,使肉质根总糖含量下降5.42%～15.29%。     

淫羊藿、肉苁蓉、巴戟天对果蝇寿命影响的研究

目的研究淫羊藿、肉苁蓉、巴戟天3种药物对果蝇寿命的影响。方法采用在实验组的培养基中适量加入上述的3种药物，而在对照组的培养基中则不加药物，观察各组的生存时间。结果实验组果蝇的平均寿命高于对照组果蝇的平均寿命。结论适量应用淫羊藿、肉苁蓉、巴戟天，具有延缓衰老的功效。     

Trichomonicidal activity of a new anthraquinone isolated from the roots of Morinda panamensis Seem

Trichomoniasis, caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Although drug treatment is available, unpleasant side effects and increased resistance to the nitroimidazole family have been documented. Hence, there is a need for the identification of new and safe therapeutic agents against T. vaginalis. Antimicrobial activity of anthraquinone compounds has been reported by a number of authors. The genus Morinda is well known for the diversity of anthraquinones with numerous biological activities. A new anthraquinone, lucidin-ω-isopropyl ether, was isolated from the roots of Morinda panamensis Seem. The structure of the compound was determined by ¹H and ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses, in addition to comparison with literature reports. Using in vitro susceptibility assay, the half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of lucidin-ω-isopropyl ether for T. vaginalis (1.32 μg/mL) was found similar to that of metronidazole concentration tested (6 μM = 1.03 μg/mL). In addition, this anthraquinone was capable of inhibiting the parasite's ability to kill HeLa cells and decreased proteolytic activity of the proteinase TvMP50 from T. vaginalis. This was associated with the decreased expression of the mp50 gene. These results demonstrate the trichomonicidal potential by lucidin-ω-isopropyl ether. Further action-mode studies are necessary to elucidate the antiparasitic mechanism of this new anthraquinone to develop a more potent antitrichomonal agent.     

Assessment of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity properties of Uvaria chamae P. Beauv (Annonaceae) and Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) in mice

The toxicity profile of medicinal plants is an important preclinical requirement in the development of phytomedicines. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the leaf of Uvaria chamae P. Beauv (Annonaceae) and stem bark of Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) were investigated in order to provide information on their safety as antimalarial plants. The methanol extract of U. chamae and ethanol (70%) extract of M. lucida were separately orally administered (125, 250, and 750?mg/kg/day) to mice for 10 consecutive days. Cyclophosphamide (50?mg/kg, single dose) and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The mice were injected with colchicine (0.04%) intra-peritoneally 24?h after the last administration of the extracts and the bone marrows harvested. Giemsa-stained slides of bone marrow cells were microscopically assessed for dividing cells to determine the mitotic index (MI) and scored for chromosomal aberrations (CA) according to standard methods. chamae exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity. At 750?mg/kg, the MI was significantly (p?M. lucida was not significantly different (p?>?0.05) from that of the negative control. The total CA observed from treatment with both plants at all doses were significantly (p?U. chamae showed both cytotoxicity and genotoxicity while M. lucida exerted only genotoxic effect. Nevertheless, the two plants should be used with caution in antimalarial therapy.     

菊淀粉型巴戟天寡糖抗创伤后应激障碍行为学评价

目的 用大鼠和小鼠创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)模型评价菊淀粉型巴戟天寡糖(IOMO)对场景恐惧行为和焦虑行为的影响.方法 建立大鼠单次延长应激(SPS)模型和小鼠不可逃避足底电击(FS)模型,实验分组均为正常对照组、模型组、模型+舍曲林(Ser)组和模型+不同剂量IOMO组.在大鼠SPS模型中,于造模后每天1次ig给予I...     

Hypoglycaemic properties of the aqueous root extract of Morinda lucida (Benth) (Rubiaceae). Studies in the mouse

The aqueous root extract of Morinda lucida (Rubiaceae) Benth, exhibited potent hypoglycaemic effects in both normoglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic mice by oral administration. This effect was dose-dependent and more potent than that observed with chlorpropamide (1-(p-chlorobenzene-sulphanyl)-3-propylurea). In the normoglycaemic mice, the extract (140 mg/kg body weight) produced a fall in blood sugar of 32% + 1% while at 280 mg/kg body weight there was a 52% + 2% fall over the same time interval. In alloxan-induced diabetic mice, the reaction time of the extract was longer with a single dose of the extract producing a significant hypoglycaemic effect 4 h after administration. In diabetic mice, a dose of 140 mg/kg body weight of the plant extract caused a fall in blood sugar of 51% + 1% while a dose of 280 mg/kg produced a fall of 60% + 2%.     

Supplementation with aqueous leaf extract of Morinda lucida enhances immunorestoration and upregulates the expression of cytokines and immunostimulatory markers

Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) is a versatile plant used in traditional medicine of many countries for the treatment of a variety of ailments and the claims of efficacy are particularly remarkable in the treatment of infections and immuno-inflammatory disorders. In this study, we investigated the immunostimulatory and immunorestorative properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Morinda lucida (AML) in cultures of murine splenic lymphocytes and in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosupression models, respectively. Administration of AML (100 and 250 mg/kg; per os) in alternate days significantly (P < 0.05) increased specific total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a responses to ovalbumin by as much as 2-10 fold when compared to untreated controls. In cyclophophamide treated mice, the rate of wound healing, leukopoiesis , and body weight recovery were all enhanced by oral supplementation with AML (100 and 250 mg/kg) in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro cultures of BALB/C splenocytes treated with AML (12.5 and 50 μg/ml) for 24 h resulted in 5-10 fold increase in IFNγ and IL-4 measured by cytokine capture ELISA. Surface expression of immunostimulatory markers, CD69 and CD25, measured flow cytometrically by FACS analyis, were also significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated on splenic T and B cells by as much as 8-20 fold. Taken together, the results of these studies show the potent immunostimulatory and immunorestorative properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Morinda lucida, which may explain some of the beneficial effects of the plant in the treatment of infections and immuno-inflammatory disorders.     

Analgesic and antiinflammatory activity of Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) fruit

M. citrifolia is a tropical plant with a long tradition of medicinal use in Polynesia and tropical parts of eastern Asia and Australia. One of its favorite uses is the treatment of painful inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis. The analgesic activity of Noni fruit puree on mice was investigated using the hot plate test. A 10% solution of freeze concentrated Noni fruit puree in the drinking water of mice reduced the pain sensitivity comparably to the central analgesic drug tramadol. This effect was only partly reversed by the application of the morphine antagonist naloxone. An alcohol extract of noni fruit puree also caused an inhibition of MMP‐9 release from human monocytes after stimulation with LPS. This effect was comparable to hydrocortisone (10^?5 m ). The findings suggest that preparations of noni fruits are effective in decreasing pain and joint destruction caused by arthritis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Studies of Antiviral Activity and Cytotoxicity of Wrightia tinctoria and Morinda citrifolia

Different extracts of leaf parts of Wrightia tinctoria and fruit powder of Morinda citrifolia have been studied against replication of HIV-1(IIIB) in MT-4 cells and HCV in Huh 5.2 cells. Chloroform extract of Wrightia tinctoria exhibited a maximum protection of 48% against the cytopathic effect of HIV-1(IIIB) in MT-4 cells. Fruit juice of Morinda citrifolia exhibited a displayed marked cytotoxic activity in lymphocyte (MT-4) cells (CC50: 0.19 mg/ml). The 50% effective concentration for inhibition of HCV subgenomic replicon replication in Huh 5-2 cells by Morinda citrifolia was 0.98 μg/ml and by chloroform extract of Wrightia tinctoria was 10 μg/ml. The concentration that reduced the growth of exponentially proliferating Huh 5-2 cells by 50% was greater than 50 μg/ml.     

巴戟天盐炙前后寡聚糖类与环烯醚萜类指纹图谱差异

目的:对比巴戟天盐炙前后寡聚糖类与环烯醚萜类指纹图谱的差异,为巴戟天与盐巴戟天的质量评价提供参考。方法:采用超高效液相色谱仪串联电雾式检测器(UPLC-CAD),以乙腈为流动相A,以水为流动相B,梯度洗脱,柱温为35℃,流速为0.4 mL·min^-1,建立寡聚糖类指纹图谱;采用超高效液相色谱仪串联二极管阵列检测器(UPLC-DAD),以甲醇为流动相A,以0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相B,梯度洗脱,柱温为35℃,流速为0.4 mL·min^-1,检测波长为235 nm,建立环烯醚萜类指纹图谱。结果:巴戟天盐炙前后具有相同的指纹峰,寡聚糖类指纹图谱具有15个共有峰,环烯醚萜类指纹图谱具有7个共有峰;通过主成分分析(PCA),寡聚糖类指纹图谱中确定了1个主成分因子,累积方差贡献率达到90.3%,炮制前后平均综合得分差异较大;环烯醚萜类指纹图谱中确定了3个主成分因子,累积方差贡献率达到87.7%,炮制前后平均综合得分差异较大。结论:建立了巴戟天的寡聚糖、环烯醚萜类指纹图谱,该分析方法对巴戟天质量评价具有一定意义,并对比巴戟天盐炙前后指纹图谱的的区别,为建立盐巴戟天饮片质量标准提供参考。