应用复合小梁切除术治疗具有手术失败高危因素青光眼的临床观察

个月的术后观察及随访,39眼眼压<21mmHg,成功率为70 %.9眼+药物治疗眼压<30mmHg,总有效率为84%.8例手术失败,其中1例为发育型青光眼,7例为新生血管性青光眼.并发症持续性低眼压发生率7.1 %,低眼压性黄斑变性1.7%.结论 对具有手术失败高危因素青光眼的复合小梁切除术与传统小梁切除术相比可明显提高好手术成功率.如药物浓度及作用时间适当,其抗增殖药物副作用的并发症与传统小梁切除术并发症闭角无明显提高.     

Is the effect of acute hyperglycaemia on interdigestive antroduodenal motility and small-bowel transit mediated by insulin?

Acute hyperglycaemia inhibits antroduodenal motility. In non-diabetic subjects this inhibitory effect may result from reactive endogenous hyperinsulinaemia. Therefore, we investigated the effects of hyperinsulinaemia during both hyperglycaemia and euglycaemia on interdigestive antroduodenal motility (perfusion manometry) and duodenocaecal transit time (DCTT; lactulose breath-H₂ test). Six healthy volunteers (age 20–26 years) were studied for 240 min on three separate occasions in random order during: (a) i.v. saline (control); (b) acute hyperglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia (HG) with plasma glucose at 15 mmol L^?1; and (c) euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia (HI) with plasma insulin at 80 mU L^?1 and glucose at 4–5 mmol L^?1. Results: DCTT was significantly (P < 0.05) prolonged during HG (158 ± 23 min) compared with control (95 ± 25 min), whereas HI had no effect (100 ± 17 min). Mean duration of complete migrating motor complex (MMC) cycles was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced during HG (63 ± 9 min) compared with control (103 ± 15 min) and HI (105 ± 16 min), which resulted from a significantly (P < 0.05) shorter duration of phase II. Antral motility was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced during both HI (20 ± 8 contractions 240 min^?1) and HG (9 ± 5) compared with control (43 ± 7). It is concluded that in healthy subjects hyperglycaemia prolongs DCTT, increases duodenal MMC cycle frequency and inhibits antral motility. Hyperinsulinaemia reduces antral motor activity but has no effect on interdigestive duodenal motility or DCTT. Thus, other factors, apart from insulin, mediate the inhibitory effect of hyperglycaemia on interdigestive intestinal motility and transit.     

丝烈霉素C诱发小白鼠骨髓细胞姐妹染色单体互换和染色体畸变

丝裂霉素C(MMc)诱导的姐妹染色单体互换(SCE)可反映出细胞DMA损伤修复的基本过程。有关MMC诱发活体的SCE研究不多。本实验目的,就是探讨MMC诱发小白鼠骨髓细胞SCE的剂量—效应关系,并对SCE指标与染色体畸变指标,在检测机体DNA损伤上的差异作一比较研究。结果证明,MMC诱发染色体畸变能办远低于诱发SCE的能力,MMC可诱发小白鼠骨髓细胞SCE产生,SCE值随MMC剂量的增加而增加。SCE即使在低剂量诱变剂的作用下也是敏感的。     

IL-4–BATF signaling directly modulates IL-9 producing mucosal mast cell (MMC9) function in experimental food allergy

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Evidence for the involvement of 5-HT4 receptors in the 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced pattern of migrating myoelectric complex in sheep

1. The effects induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on gastrointestinal myoelectric activity in conscious sheep were recorded through electrodes chronically implanted and analysed by computer. The 5-HT receptors and the cholinergic neuronal pathways involved in these actions were investigated.
2. The intravenous (i.v.) administration of 5-HT (2, 4 and 8 μg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹, 5 min) induced an antral inhibition concomitant with a duodenal activity front that migrated to the jejunum, followed by a period of intestinal inactivity. This myoelectric pattern closely resembled that observed in the phases III and I of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) in sheep. The 0.5 μg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹ dose evoked the same pattern in only two out of the six animals used. Likewise, the 1 μg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹ dose similarly affected four of the six animals. In addition, a transient stimulation was observed in the antrum and jejunum when the two highest doses were used.
3. The 5-HT₁ antagonist, methiothepin (0.1 mg kg⁻¹), the 5-HT₂ antagonists, ritanserin (0.1 mg  kg⁻¹) and ketanserin (0.3 mg  kg⁻¹), the 5-HT₃ antagonists, granisetron (0.2 mg kg⁻¹) and ondansetron (0.5 mg kg⁻¹), as well as the 5-HT₄ antagonist, {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"GR113808","term_id":"238362519","term_text":"GR113808"}}GR113808 (0.2 mg kg⁻¹), did not modify the spontaneous gastrointestinal myoelectric activity. However, the cholinoceptor antagonists, atropine (0.2 mg kg⁻¹) and hexamethonium (2 mg kg⁻¹), inhibited gastrointestinal activity.
4. When these antagonists were injected i.v. 10 min before 5-HT (2 or 4 μg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹, 5 min), only {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"GR113808","term_id":"238362519","term_text":"GR113808"}}GR113808, atropine and hexamethonium were able to modify the 5-HT-induced actions, all of them being completely blocked by the three antagonists.
5. Our data show that 5-HT initiates a MMC-like pattern in the gastrointestinal area in sheep through 5-HT₄ receptors. Furthermore, these actions are mediated by cholinergic neural pathways involving muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. However, our results do not indicate a role for either 5-HT₁, 5-HT₂ or 5-HT₃ receptors in the 5-HT-induced effects.

     

NP与MNP方案治疗NSCLC近期疗效及毒性的对比分析

目的 :对比观察二药和三药联合化疗方案治疗非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)的近期疗效和毒性反应。方法 :6 2例初治的Ⅲb～Ⅳ期NSCLC ,随机分成A组 (去甲长春新碱 2 5mg/m2 静注第 1、8天 +顺铂 80mg/m2 静滴 ,分 2天 ,即NP方案 )、B组 (丝裂霉素 6mg/m2 静注第 1天 +去甲长春新碱 2 5mg/m2 静注第 1、8天 +顺铂 80mg/m2 静滴 ,分 2天 ,即MNP方案 )两组 ,分别化疗 2周期 ,每 4周为一周期。结果 :A组有效率为 33 3%、B组有效率为 37 9% (P >0 0 5 ) ;血小板降低A组为33 3% ,B组为 5 8 6 % (P <0 0 5 )。两组其余毒性反应无显著差异。结论 :二药联合可能比三药联合毒性低 ,而有效率无显著差异。     

丝裂霉素C与青光眼滤过泡并发症的相关关系

目的分析小梁切除术中应用丝裂霉素C(mitomycin-C,MMC)与青光眼滤过泡相关并发症的关系。方法对31例36只眼在小梁切除术中应用了MMC而导致的滤过泡相关并发症的患眼进行临床分析,分析其滤过泡形态、眼压、视力的改变和黄斑水肿的发生及与术中MMC的浓度、放置时间、放置部位之间的关系。结果31例36只眼中发生滤过泡渗漏11只眼、滤过泡感染1只眼、巨大薄壁滤过泡7只眼、单纯薄壁滤过泡7只眼、低眼压合并黄斑囊样水肿10眼;并发症的发生时间平均(1724±2000)m;平均视力下降2行以上;并发症的发生与MMC放置的位置显著相关,与时间呈正相关,与浓度无关;眼压下降与MMC浓度呈负相关。结论小梁切除术后滤过泡并发症的发生与MMC的应用密切相关,结膜瓣下与巩膜瓣下同时放置、放置时间长者比较容易发生并发症;高浓度者容易造成低眼压。     

RAM—HPLC测定人血清及房水中丝裂霉素的浓度

目的:建立一种快捷、灵敏的高效液相色谱法测定肿瘤病人血清及青光眼患者手术后房水中丝裂霉素(MMC)浓度的方法。方法:使用 Waters HPLC 仪,配有限进介质填料(RAM)直接进样固定相,甲醇-水为10:90,流速为0.8 mL·min~(-1)的流动相,紫外二极管阵列检测器,测定了胃癌、胆囊癌及肝癌病人化疗后的血清及青光眼患者手术后房水中 MMC 的浓度。结果:MMC 与血清及房水中的蛋白质有良好的分离,保留时间为5.6 min。在40～200μg·L~(-1)水中及50～2000μg·L~(-1)血清中浓度范围内均显良好的线性关系,r 分别为0.9912与0.9991,日内变异<4%,日间变异<8%,回收率近100%。结论:RAM-HPLC 法,样品不经前处理,简单快速,精密度好,用此法可用于包含 MMC 的化疗方案的监测及药动学的研究。     

Genotoxicity studies of glycidol fatty acid ester (glycidol linoleate) and glycidol

Glycidol fatty acid esters (GEs) are found in refined edible oils. Safety concerns have been alleged due to the possible release of glycidol (G), an animal carcinogen.