Pump Speed Optimization in Patients Implanted With the HeartMate 3 Device

Background

Pump speed optimization in patients implanted with a ventricular assist device represents a major challenge during the follow-up period. We present our findings on whether combined invasive hemodynamic ramp tests and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) can help optimize patient management.

优良资源植物——三颗针的质量考查研究之二

对四种同季不同产地采集的“三颗针”不同部位的四种生物碱进行了含量测定和分析,为该类药材的质量研究、生药采收、药厂选投料及开发应用等提供了科学依据。同时对该类资源的可持续利用也具有积极意义。     

四逆汤煎煮过程中乌头类生物碱的溶出和水解平衡

目的 研究四逆汤中乌头类生物碱的溶出平衡和水解平衡。方法 利用电喷雾质谱分析，比较了制附子、四逆汤、四逆汤药渣和含有3种双酯型生物碱的混合对照品体系中的乌头碱类二萜生物碱。结果 在煎煮过程中双酯型生物碱溶解并发生水解反应，而脂类生物碱则难溶于水。乌头碱、中乌头碱、次乌头碱水溶性相近，但是次乌头碱在水中的热稳定性更高，C19二萜骨架上C3取代基(—OH或—H)的变化影响生物碱的稳定性。结论四逆汤中的乌头碱类生物碱的种类及含量由其溶解性和化学稳定性共同决定。     

Papain-induced lung injury: alterations in connective tissue metabolism without emphysema

The acute effects of the deposition of papain in the lungs of 4-month-old rabbits have been investigated with an amount not sufficient to cause emphysematous changes. During the first 2 days of in vivo deposition when hemorrhaging and inflammation occur, the total amounts of collagen and elastin in the lung, into which the papain had been instilled, did not change but the concentrations of collagen and elastin decreased 20 and 25% respectively. The rates of synthesis of collagen and other proteins doubled. By 4 weeks, collagen and elastin concentrations returned to, or were slightly above, control levels. The histological appearance and mean linear intercepts of lung sections and the compliance curves of excised lungs of the treated animals were similar to controls by 2 weeks after papain administration. The rabbit lung thus appears able to repair mild injury due to proteolytic enzymes.     

从氧自由基、一氧化氮探讨四逆汤抗急性失血性休克的肝脏机制

目的:从氧自由基、一氧化氮探讨四逆汤抗急性失血性休克的肝脏机制。方法:复制急性失血性休克大鼠模型, 分为假手术对照组;单纯休克模型组;休克+生理盐水复苏组;休克+四逆注射液复苏组。四逆注射液(浓度1000g生药/L), 剂量0.1mL/200g大鼠。用生理盐水或四逆注射液治疗3h后处死动物并取组织。测定各组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)水平, 一氧化氮(NO)水平。采用免疫组化染色法, 观察诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)在肝细胞中的变化特点。RT-PCR观测肝细胞iNOS和内皮源性一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)基因表达的变化。结果:模型组在休克1h后SOD活性明显低于对照组(P＜0.01)、MDA水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.01)。四逆汤组复苏3h后肝组织SOD明显高于生理盐水组(P＜0.01)、MDA低于生理盐水组(P＜0.01)、NO水平明显高于生理盐水组(P＜0.01)。生理盐水组iNOS在肝细胞中染色阳性单位明显高于四逆汤组(P＜0.05)。生理盐水组促进iNOSmRNA的表达。四逆汤组eNOSmRNA的表达增强。结论:四逆汤通过清除氧自由基, 升高NO, 改善肝组织微循环, 减少诱导型iNOS表达的各种因素, 理论上减轻了NO与氧自由基生成的ONOO的细胞毒作用和血管的低反应性, 并对肝脏起到保护作用。     

Mediated smoking cessation programs in the Stanford five-city project

Two mediated smoking cessation programs were subjected to a field evaluation. The Quit Kit is a printed self-help package, and "Calling It Quits" consists of five segments which were aired on the local television news. A sample of 239 persons requested the Quit Kit and were followed. At the 2-month and 12-month follow-ups, respectively, 13.6% and 17.9% of those surveyed reported abstinence. Results indicate the potential of mediated interventions.