Association of the Chronotype Score with Circulating Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) Concentrations

Individual differences in the chronotype, an attitude that best expresses the individual circadian preference in behavioral and biological rhythms, have been associated with cardiometabolic risk and gut dysbiosis. Up to now, there are no studies evaluating the association between chronotypes and circulating TMAO concentrations, a predictor of cardiometabolic risk and a useful marker of gut dysbiosis. In this study population (147 females and 100 males), subjects with the morning chronotype had the lowest BMI and waist circumference (p < 0.001), and a better metabolic profile compared to the other chronotypes. In addition, the morning chronotype had the highest adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p < 0.001) and the lowest circulating TMAO concentrations (p < 0.001). After adjusting for BMI and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the correlation between circulating TMAO concentrations and chronotype score was still kept (r = −0.627, p < 0.001). Using a linear regression analysis, higher chronotype scores were mostly associated with lower circulating TMAO concentrations (β = −0.479, t = −12.08, and p < 0.001). Using a restricted cubic spline analysis, we found that a chronotype score ≥59 (p < 0.001, R² = −0.824) demonstrated a more significant inverse linear relationship with circulating TMAO concentrations compared with knots <59 (neither chronotype) and <41 (evening chronotype). The current study reported the first evidence that higher circulating TMAO concentrations were associated with the evening chronotype that, in turn, is usually linked to an unhealthy lifestyle mostly characterized by low adherence to the MD.     

Isoline两个新代谢物的制备及其理化性质

目的：为进一步研究isoline的代谢和毒理，采用化学方法制备其代谢产物。方法：分别采用水解，氮氧化和脱氢化反应将isoline转化为与代谢和毒理研究相关类型的产物。结果与结论：成功地制备了五个化合物，其中两个为新化合物，其结构经UV，IR.MS和NMR分析得以鉴定。     

川山橙化学成分的研究

从川山橙Melodinushemsleyanus中分得10个化合物，用光谱方法和化学反应鉴定了它们的结构，分别为：11-hydroxytabersonine（Ⅰ），scandine（Ⅱ），10-hydroxyscandine（Ⅲ），tubotaiwine（Ⅳ），tubotaiwineN－oxide（Ⅴ），15α－hydroxykopsinine（Ⅵ），vincoline（Ⅶ），19R－vindolinineN－oxide（Ⅷ），16β-hyaroxy－19R－vindolinine（Ⅸ）和16β-hydroxy－19S－vindolinineN－oxide（Ⅹ），其中Ⅹ为新化合物，药理筛选表明化合物Ⅰ有一定的抗肿瘤活性。     

反相离子对HPLC同时测定制马钱子中4种生物碱的含量

目的建立同时测定制马钱子中4种生物碱士的宁、马钱子碱、士的宁氮氧化物、马钱子碱氮氧化物含量的反相离子对HPLC法。方法应用Lichrospher S C18色谱柱(4.6mm×300mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(38:62,每1000mL加入磷酸二氢钾3.4g和十二烷基硫酸钠1.7g)为流动相,流速:1.0mL.min-1,柱温:30℃,检测波长:260nm。结果4种生物碱士的宁、马钱子碱、士的宁氮氧化物和马钱子碱氮氧化物的线性范围分别为13.7～219.1,12.55～200.8,0.3743～5.988和0.6225～9.96mg.L-1(r>0.9999),平均回收率分别为98.0%,102.2%,103.3%和99.9%(RSD均小于2.5%)。结论该方法简便、准确,重复性好,适用于制马钱子中士的宁、马钱子碱、士的宁氮氧化物、马钱子碱氮氧化物的含量测定。     

含烷氧基桥联的双Schiff碱配体的双核Co（Ⅱ）配合物的合成与磁性

本文合成了二个双核钴（Ⅱ）配合物，即Ｃｏ２ＬＢｒ３·ＣＨ３ＣＨ２ＯＨ（１）和Ｃｏ２Ｌ（ＳＣＮ）３·ＣＨ３ＣＨ２ＯＨ（２）〔这里ＨＬ是由１，３－二氨基－２－丙醇与Ｎ－氧化吡啶－２－甲醛缩合而得〕。通过ＩＲ、元素分析、电导测定和ＵＶ的表征，可知这两个配合物具有一个内源桥和一个外源桥。测定了这两个配合物的变温磁化率（４Ｋ—３００Ｋ）并将实测值与Ｈｅｉｓｅｎｂｅｒｇ模型导出的磁化率方程拟合，得到两个配合物的磁参数，表明这两个双核Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）配合物具有较弱的反铁磁交换作用。     

Plasma trimethylamine N-oxide,a gut microbe–generated phosphatidylcholine metabolite,is associated with autism spectrum disorders

ObjectiveThe compositions of the gut microbiota and its metabolites were altered in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to assess whether plasma levels of gut-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) were associated with ASD and the degree of symptom severity.MethodsFrom September 2017 to January 2019, a total of three hundred and twenty-eight Chinese children (164 with ASD and 164 their age-sex matched control subjects) aged 3–8 years were included. TMAO levels in plasma were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the TMAO-ASD association.ResultsIn the study, the median age of the ASD group was 5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 4–6 years) and 129 (78.7%) were boys. The median plasma levels of TMAO in children with ASD and typically-developing (TD) children at admission were 4.2 (IQR, 3.0–5.6) μmol/l and 3.0 (2.0–4.4) μmol/l, respectively (P < 0.001). For each 1 μmol/l increase of plasma TMAO, the unadjusted and adjusted risk of ASD would be increased by 54% (with the odds ratios [OR] of 1.54; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.32–1.78; P < 0.001) and 27% (1.27 [1.10–1.45], P < 0.001), respectively. Symptom severity was classified as mild-to-moderate (CARS < 37) for 66 children with ASD (40.2%). In these children, the plasma levels of TMAO were lower than in the 98 children with ASD (59.8%) whose symptoms were classified as severe (CARS > 36) (3.5[2.5–4.9] μmol/l vs. 4.5(3.7–6.0) μmol/l; P < 0.001). For each 1 μmol/l increase of plasma TMAO, the unadjusted and adjusted risk of severe autism would be increased by 61% (with the OR of 1.61 [95% CI 1.28–2.01], P < 0.001) and 31% (1.31 [1.08–1.49], P < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionsElevated plasma levels of TMAO were associated with ASD and symptom severity.