Mistaken identity: Severe vomiting,bradycardia and hypotension after eating a wild herb

A 53-year-old woman presented with severe vomiting 3.5 hours after eating a boiled wild herb thought to be Hosta montana. She was alert, and did not complain of diplopia or numbness of her limbs. Her vital signs were temperature of 35.9°C, blood pressure of 84/33 mmHg, and heart rate of 59 beats/minute. There was no arrhythmia or conduction block on electrocardiogram. Her blood pressure and heart rate were decreased to 75/44 mmHg and 51 beats/minute at the minimum, respectively. Complete blood count and serum chemistry were normal. The herb was correctly identified when the patient's husband brought in the herb for identification.     

Isolation,characterization and antioxidant activities of the endophytic fungi from Hosta. Ventricosa

A total of 13 types of endophytic fungi, classified into six genera, were isolated from Hosta. ventricosa based on 18S rDNA sequencing of ITS region and microscopic examination. The antioxidant activities of the crude extracts were investigated by T-AOC, DPPH and ABTS⁺ methods. The results showed that the crude extracts from Fusarium oxysporum (HoV1) and Epicoccum (HoV4), which presented higher phenol levels (1.90±0.03 mg/g, and 2.41±0.01 mg/g, respectively), exhibited stronger comprehensive antioxidant activities, with higher T-AOC values (63.46±0.26 U/g, and 66.05±0.71 U/g, respectively), lower EC₅₀ values against ABTS⁺ (30.25±0.05 μg/mL, and 24.66±0.65 μg/mL, respectively)and DPPH radicals (83.42±0.24 μg/mL, and 59.136 μg/mL, respectively). Moreover, Fusarium oxysporum (HoV8) showed excellent scavenging activity against DPPH radicals (EC₅₀ = 16.02 μg/mL), which was better than BHT. All of them could be useful in the developing of new natural antioxidant agents.     

Steroidal saponins from Tacca plantaginea

Two new steroidal saponins, taccaoside C (1) and taccaoside D (3), along with one known saponin (2) have been isolated from the methanol extracts of Tacca plantaginea. Their structures have been elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods.     

玉簪花的抗肿瘤活性甾体皂苷成分研究

目的为实现对药用植物的可持续利用,对玉簪Hosta plantaginea的花进行了甾体皂苷类成分及其体外抗肿瘤作用的研究。方法应用常规柱色谱(包括正相、反相和凝胶柱色谱)分离和波谱分析方法对玉簪花进行分离和结构鉴定;以3种悬浮肿瘤细胞白血病肿瘤细胞株(HL-60、Jurkat、K562)和3种贴壁实体瘤细胞株(肝癌HepG2、乳腺癌MCF7、胃癌SGC7901)为研究对象,采用MTT法对化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性筛选研究。结果从玉簪花中分离鉴定了10个化合物,其中3个化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到,分别为吉托皂苷元(1)、吉托皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→4)-β-D-半乳糖苷(3)、吉托皂苷元-3-O-{β-D-木糖(1→4)-β-D-葡萄糖(1→2)-[β-D-木糖(1→3)]-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→4)-β-D-半乳糖苷}(10);7个已知化合物,分别是吉托皂苷元-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(2)、吉托皂苷元-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖苷(4)、吉托皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖(1→4)-β-D-半乳糖苷(5)、吉托皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→4)-O-[α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)]-β-D-半乳糖苷(6)、替告皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→4)-O-[α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)]-β-D-半乳糖苷(7)、吉托皂苷元-3-O-{β-D-葡萄糖(1→2)-O-[β-D-木糖(1→3)]-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→4)-β-D-半乳糖苷}(8)、吉托皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→2)-O-[α-L-鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-木糖(1→3)]-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→4)-β-D-半乳糖苷(9)。体外抗肿瘤活性实验结果显示化合物5,6,8～10对肝癌HepG2、乳腺癌MCF7和胃癌SGC7901肿瘤细胞毒活性较强。结论玉簪花中的甾体化合物对不同肿瘤细胞具有细胞毒选择性,有一定的抗癌活性,同时利用地上部分的花作为药用资源,可以实现对该药用植物的可持续利用。     

基于外翻肠囊模型分析玉簪花总黄酮提取物及其复合粒子的肠吸收特性

目的:考察玉簪花总黄酮提取物及其复合粒子中有效成分的肠吸收特性。方法:采用离体外翻肠囊模型,选择十二指肠、空肠、回肠、结肠为研究肠段,以表观渗透系数为评价参数,考察玉簪花总黄酮提取物及其复合粒子中有效成分山柰酚-3-O-槐糖苷和山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷在不同肠段、不同浓度下的肠吸收特性。结果:在不同药物质量浓度下,山柰酚-3-O-槐糖苷及山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷在各肠段均有吸收;在同一质量浓度条件下,二者均以空肠的肠吸收最优。结论:玉簪花总黄酮复合粒子改变了山柰酚-3-O-槐糖苷及山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的肠吸收特性,二者在结肠的吸收显著增加。玉簪花总黄酮复合粒子可显著提高该有效部位在结肠部位的吸收。     

水田七的生药鉴定

目的 为用药准确和进一步开发利用该植物资源、制订药材标准提供依据。方法 直观鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别相结合，并对能否扩大药用部位进行初步探讨。结果 鉴别特征突出四点：①块茎呈肾形弯曲。②薄壁细胞多边形，排列紧密间隙小。③淀粉复位较多。④含草酸钙针晶。块茎在紫外吸收光谱波长241nm处有明显的吸收峰，不定期根则没有。结论 鉴别特征明显、易掌握；块茎入药时必须去作其上的不定根。     

The bioassay-guided isolation of antifungal saponins from Hosta plantaginea leaves

Four new steroidal saponins hostaside Ⅰ (1), hostaside Ⅱ (2), hostaside Ⅲ (3), and hostaside Ⅳ (4), together with five known steroidal saponins (5–9), were isolated by the bioassay-guided fractionation from the leaves of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers, a worldwide well-known ornamental plant. Hostasides Ⅰ and Ⅱ showed significant antifungal activities, and they could inhibit the growth of Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporium with MIC values as low as 4 μg/ml.     

HPLC法测定蒙药玉簪花中山奈酚葡萄糖苷的含量

目的建立蒙药玉簪花中山奈酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的含量测定方法。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Phenomenex Luna C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),以体积分数为0.5%的磷酸水溶液-甲醇为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为364nm。结果山奈酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷质量在0.113～2.260μg内呈良好线性关系,相关系数为1,平均回收率为101.1%(RSD=2.58%,n=6)。结论玉簪花中山奈酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的含量为0.2mg/g(0.02%),该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于蒙药玉簪花中山奈酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的含量测定。     

民族药玉簪的化学成分、药理活性、临床应用及质量控制研究进展

民族药玉簪Hosta plantaginea药用历史悠久,其全草、根、茎及花均可入药。玉簪花为蒙医药学传统常用药材,其单方及复方制剂均用于治疗咽喉肿痛等疾病,但其抗炎药效物质基础、作用机制及质量控制研究尚属于起步阶段。现代研究表明,玉簪具有抗炎镇痛、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒、抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶等药理活性,甾体类、生物碱类和黄酮类是其主要的化学成分。通过对玉簪植物的化学成分、药理活性、临床应用及质量控制进行系统的文献总结和分析,为该药材的合理用药及综合开发提供科学依据。     

蒙药玉簪花总多糖提取工艺优选与含量测定

目的：筛选玉簪花总多糖的最佳提取工艺并建立测定其含量的方法。方法通过单因素试验及正交试验设计考察玉簪花总多糖水提醇沉的制备条件,以葡萄糖标准液作为考察指标绘制标准曲线,苯酚-硫酸法测定玉簪花总多糖的含量。结果玉簪花总多糖的最佳提取工艺为加30倍量水,提取温度80℃,浸提3次,每次3 h;测定样品的玉簪花总多糖含量达3.65%。结论优选工艺合理、可行,含量测定方法准确、简便,具有良好的重现性。