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排序方式: 共有5598条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2023,165(1):94-103.e24
ObjectiveNew-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery is common, with rates up to 60%. POAF has been associated with early and late stroke, but its association with other cardiovascular outcomes is less known. The objective was to perform a meta-analysis of the studies reporting the association of POAF with perioperative and long-term outcomes in patients with cardiac surgery.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies that presented outcomes for cardiac surgery on the basis of the presence or absence of POAF. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were assessed; 57 studies (246,340 patients) were selected. Perioperative mortality was the primary outcome. Inverse variance method and random model were performed. Leave-one-out analysis, subgroup analyses, and metaregression were conducted.ResultsPOAF was associated with perioperative mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58-2.33), perioperative stroke (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.90-2.49), perioperative myocardial infarction (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.06-1.54), perioperative acute renal failure (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 2.42-3.11), hospital (standardized mean difference, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.53-1.07) and intensive care unit stay (standardized mean difference, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.24-0.86), long-term mortality (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.54; 95% CI, 1.40-1.69), long-term stroke (IRR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.21-1.46), and longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation (IRR, 4.73; 95% CI, 3.36-6.66).ConclusionsThe results suggest that POAF after cardiac surgery is associated with an increased occurrence of most short- and long-term cardiovascular adverse events. However, the causality of this association remains to be established. 相似文献
2.
Rainer Cammann Ariane Miehlke 《Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines》1989,30(6):899-906
All non-task-related body movements during school hours were listed in 11 normally active and 12 hyperactive boys. The mean number of movements was 48 +/- 7 per 45 minutes in the normal actives and 79 +/- 16 per 45 minutes in the hyperactives. The rather monotonous increment and decrement of motor activity during the 4-hr registration period was noticed only in hyperactive boys. These results could be a consequence of a circadian rhythm, as there was independence of type of school hours and of teacher personality. The cyclical level of activity in hyperactive boys was sometimes in the range of the normal actives. 相似文献
3.
The proportion of diagnosed depressives prescribed antidepressants has increased markedly over the last 20 years, mainly following the introduction of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, currently available antidepressants have notable limitations, relating to their only moderate efficacy relative to placebo, relatively slow onset of action, possible withdrawal symptoms, and problems of compliance. Sleep disturbances are often used to identify newly presenting depressive patients, and may be part of a more general alteration of bodily rhythms. There are links between pharmacological treatments and circadian rhythms in depression, which might represent another, new option for the development of a therapeutic approach to depression treatment. Many antidepressants affect sleep, some are sedative, and others have been used specifically in severely insomniac depressives. Disturbances in circadian rhythms may be an integral part of depressive mechanisms, and normalising them via an innovative mechanism of antidepressant action may be a fruitful avenue in the search for improved antidepressant agents. 相似文献
4.
5.
The in vitro capacity of sympathetic superior cervical ganglia (SCG) to take up [3H]choline from the extracellular medium, to synthesize acetylcholine from [3H]choline, and to release [3H]acetylcholine in response to a high K+ concentration, were examined in rats throughout a 24-h cycle. Both the release of [3H]acetylcholine and the synthesis of [3H]acetylcholine from [3H]choline exhibited significant diurnal variations, showing maxima during the first half of the night. After these maxima, nocturnal acetylcholine release and synthesis decayed to daytime levels and remained low until the end of the night. [3H]Choline uptake by rat SCG did not vary significantly throughout a 24-h period. A 1.5-h exposure of rats to darkness at the 5th hour of light phase of the daily photoperiod did not change significantly any parameter studied. A 20-min, 5-Hz, electrical stimulation of the preganglionic trunk of SCG excised from rats at noon increased significantly subsequent K+-induced [3H]acetylcholine release but did not change [3H]acetylcholine synthesis. In decentralized SCG of rats subjected to a unilateral SCG decentralization and a contralateral sham-operation 7 days earlier, [3H]acetylcholine release and synthesis were highly reduced or abolished at the decentralized side, while [3H]choline uptake remained unaltered. The present results suggest that an activation of preganglionic rat SCG neurons takes place during the first half of the scotophase. 相似文献
6.
Patientsfeelimpatientbecausetheycouldnotpredicttheonsettimeofepilepsy.Ifonsettimeofepilepsycouldbepreciselypredicted,thendrugadministrationanddisabilityofpreventionwillbecomeavailable.In1879,Echevarrzafoundonsettimeofepilepsyisdistributedaccordingtosomerules.Inrecentyears,scientistsperformalotstudiesinvolvingcytologyandmolecularbiologyofepilepsy.Clinicaldataindicatedonsetofepilepsyhascloserelationwithbiologicalrhythmsuchasawakeandsleepcycleandmenstrualcycle.Theobjectiveofthisstudy… 相似文献
7.
6186例脑卒中患者发病时间的季节性分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的探讨青岛市区脑出血(CH)、脑梗死(CI)、蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)发病时间的季节规律。方法收集青岛市1998年~2002年脑卒中患者6186例,其中CH1179人,CI4821人,SAH186人。圆分布分析探讨脑卒中患者发病时间的季节规律。结果CH冬季高发,平均角在1月份(P<0.05),男性患者的平均角在2月份(P<0.05),女性患者的平均角在1月份(P<0.05);CI秋季高发,男、女间无差别,平均角在10月份(P<0.05);SAH秋季高发,平均角在10月份(P<0.05),男性患者的平均角在9月份(P<0.05),女性患者的平均角在10月份(P<0.05)。结论青岛市的脑卒中发病具有季节性,在脑卒中预防工作中要充分考虑其发病的季节特点,并采取相应的措施。 相似文献
8.
V. Jacomella A. Sauser A. C. Truttmann B. V. Kuhlmann-Siegenthaler S. Capillo M. G. Bianchetti 《Acta diabetologica》1997,34(3):235-237
The recognized existence of a circadian pattern in extracellular magnesium balance might mirror either an inherent rhythm
in the homeostasis of this ion or dietary factors. Since in vitro insulin enhances cellular magnesium uptake, the circadian
rhythm in extracellular magnesium metabolism might be modulated at least in part by carbohydrate intake. To assess this hypothesis,
the effects of oral glucose loading on plasma total and ionized magnesium were investigted in lean healthy humans with a negative
family history for essential hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Plasma total and ionized magnesium was similar before glucose
loading and 30, 60, 90, 180, and 210 min thereafter. It is therefore concluded that in healthy humans the circadian pattern
of extracellular magnesium is not modulated by the metabolic and hormonal mechanisms that adjust the concentration of glucose.
Received: 5 February 1997 / Accepted in revised form: 14 April 1997 相似文献
9.
Jason N. MacLean Brian J. Schmidt Shawn Hochman 《The European journal of neuroscience》1997,9(12):2702-2711
Whole-cell recordings of lumbar motoneurons in the intact neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro were undertaken to examine the effects of Kmethyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation on membrane behaviour. Bath application of NMDA induced rhythmic voltage oscillations of 5.9 ± 2.1 mV (SD) at a frequency of 4.4 ± 1.5 Hz. Amplitude, but not frequency, of the voltage oscillations was membrane potential-dependent. Voltage oscillations could recruit action potentials and/or plateau potentials with or without superimposed bursting. Blockade of synaptic transmission with tetrodotoxin (TTX) sometimes resulted in a loss of oscillatory activity which could then be restored by increasing the NMDA concentration. After application of TTX, the trajectory of NMDA-induced oscillations was similar to the trajectory induced in the presence of intact synaptic networks, although the mean oscillation duration was longer and the oscillation frequency was slower (1.8 ± 1.1 Hz). Current ramps delivered after bath application of NMDA demonstrated bistable membrane properties which may underlie the plateau potentials. Injection of intracellular current pulses could initiate, entrain and terminate individual plateau potentials. The results suggest that membrane depolarization produced by oscillations may activate other intrinsic conductances which generate plateau potentials, thereby providing the neuron with enhanced voltage sensitivity, compared to that produced by NMDA receptor activation alone. These oscillatory events may have a role in the regulation of motor output in a variety of rhythmic behaviours including locomotion. 相似文献
10.
Susumu Akimoto Koichiro Akakura Takemasa Ohki Jun Shimazaki 《International journal of urology》1994,1(3):263-267
To compare levels of y-seminoprotein (gM-Sm) assayed by original and revised assay systems, blood was obtained every 4 h over a 32-h period from 8 untreated prostate cancer patients. Serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) were also examined. In 6 patients, the coefficient of variation (CV) of the serum levels assayed by the revised assay was significantly different from that of the intra-assay samples. In contrast, the CV of the gM-Sm serum levels assayed by the original assay differed significantly from that of the intra-assay samples in only 2 patients. The fluctuations in gM-Sm assayed by the revised assay were, at least in part, similar to those of the PSA serum levels in all patients. The mean CV of the gM-Sm serum levels assayed by the revised assay was significantly larger than that for levels measured by the original assay. After treatment, the rate of decrease in gM-Sm serum levels determined by the original assay differed from that in the serum levels of PSA and prostatic acid phosphatase. These results indicate that the original assay for gM-Sm do not detect diurnal differences in serum gM-Sm levels, even at levels below 20 ng/ml. These observations indicate that the analysis of data obtained using the original gM-Sm kit should be interpreted with caution. 相似文献